Automatic Analog Ic Sizing And Optimization Constrained With Pvt Corners And Layout Effects

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Automatic Analog Ic Sizing And Optimization Constrained With Pvt Corners And Layout Effects

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Author : Nuno Lourenço
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-07-29

Automatic Analog Ic Sizing And Optimization Constrained With Pvt Corners And Layout Effects written by Nuno Lourenço and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book introduces readers to a variety of tools for automatic analog integrated circuit (IC) sizing and optimization. The authors provide a historical perspective on the early methods proposed to tackle automatic analog circuit sizing, with emphasis on the methodologies to size and optimize the circuit, and on the methodologies to estimate the circuit’s performance. The discussion also includes robust circuit design and optimization and the most recent advances in layout-aware analog sizing approaches. The authors describe a methodology for an automatic flow for analog IC design, including details of the inputs and interfaces, multi-objective optimization techniques, and the enhancements made in the base implementation by using machine leaning techniques. The Gradient model is discussed in detail, along with the methods to include layout effects in the circuit sizing. The concepts and algorithms of all the modules are thoroughly described, enabling readers to reproduce the methodologies, improve the quality of their designs, or use them as starting point for a new tool. An extensive set of application examples is included to demonstrate the capabilities and features of the methodologies described.

Speeding Up Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Sizing With Neural Networks

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Author : João L. C. P. Domingues
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-03-20

Speeding Up Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Sizing With Neural Networks written by João L. C. P. Domingues and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-03-20 with Computers categories.

In this book, innovative research using artificial neural networks (ANNs) is conducted to automate the sizing task of RF IC design, which is used in two different steps of the automatic design process. The advances in telecommunications, such as the 5th generation broadband or 5G for short, open doors to advances in areas such as health care, education, resource management, transportation, agriculture and many other areas. Consequently, there is high pressure in today’s market for significant communication rates, extensive bandwidths and ultralow-power consumption. This is where radiofrequency (RF) integrated circuits (ICs) come in hand, playing a crucial role. This demand stresses out the problem which resides in the remarkable difficulty of RF IC design in deep nanometric integration technologies due to their high complexity and stringent performances. Given the economic pressure for high quality yet cheap electronics and challenging time-to-market constraints, there is an urgent need for electronic design automation (EDA) tools to increase the RF designers’ productivity and improve the quality of resulting ICs. In the last years, the automatic sizing of RF IC blocks in deep nanometer technologies has moved toward process, voltage and temperature (PVT)-inclusive optimizations to ensure their robustness. Each sizing solution is exhaustively simulated in a set of PVT corners, thus pushing modern workstations’ capabilities to their limits. Standard ANNs applications usually exploit the model’s capability of describing a complex, harder to describe, relation between input and target data. For that purpose, ANNs are a mechanism to bypass the process of describing the complex underlying relations between data by feeding it a significant number of previously acquired input/output data pairs that the model attempts to copy. Here, and firstly, the ANNs disrupt from the most recent trials of replacing the simulator in the simulation-based sizing with a machine/deep learning model, by proposing two different ANNs, the first classifies the convergence of the circuit for nominal and PVT corners, and the second predicts the oscillating frequencies for each case. The convergence classifier (CCANN) and frequency guess predictor (FGPANN) are seamlessly integrated into the simulation-based sizing loop, accelerating the overall optimization process. Secondly, a PVT regressor that inputs the circuit’s sizing and the nominal performances to estimate the PVT corner performances via multiple parallel artificial neural networks is proposed. Two control phases prevent the optimization process from being misled by inaccurate performance estimates. As such, this book details the optimal description of the input/output data relation that should be fulfilled. The developed description is mainly reflected in two of the system’s characteristics, the shape of the input data and its incorporation in the sizing optimization loop. An optimal description of these components should be such that the model should produce output data that fulfills the desired relation for the given training data once fully trained. Additionally, the model should be capable of efficiently generalizing the acquired knowledge in newer examples, i.e., never-seen input circuit topologies.

Using Artificial Neural Networks For Analog Integrated Circuit Design Automation

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Author : João P. S. Rosa
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-12-11

Using Artificial Neural Networks For Analog Integrated Circuit Design Automation written by João P. S. Rosa and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-11 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book addresses the automatic sizing and layout of analog integrated circuits (ICs) using deep learning (DL) and artificial neural networks (ANN). It explores an innovative approach to automatic circuit sizing where ANNs learn patterns from previously optimized design solutions. In opposition to classical optimization-based sizing strategies, where computational intelligence techniques are used to iterate over the map from devices’ sizes to circuits’ performances provided by design equations or circuit simulations, ANNs are shown to be capable of solving analog IC sizing as a direct map from specifications to the devices’ sizes. Two separate ANN architectures are proposed: a Regression-only model and a Classification and Regression model. The goal of the Regression-only model is to learn design patterns from the studied circuits, using circuit’s performances as input features and devices’ sizes as target outputs. This model can size a circuit given its specifications for a single topology. The Classification and Regression model has the same capabilities of the previous model, but it can also select the most appropriate circuit topology and its respective sizing given the target specification. The proposed methodology was implemented and tested on two analog circuit topologies.

Yield Aware Analog Ic Design And Optimization In Nanometer Scale Technologies

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Author : António Manuel Lourenço Canelas
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-03-20

Yield Aware Analog Ic Design And Optimization In Nanometer Scale Technologies written by António Manuel Lourenço Canelas and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book presents a new methodology with reduced time impact to address the problem of analog integrated circuit (IC) yield estimation by means of Monte Carlo (MC) analysis, inside an optimization loop of a population-based algorithm. The low time impact on the overall optimization processes enables IC designers to perform yield optimization with the most accurate yield estimation method, MC simulations using foundry statistical device models considering local and global variations. The methodology described by the authors delivers on average a reduction of 89% in the total number of MC simulations, when compared to the exhaustive MC analysis over the full population. In addition to describing a newly developed yield estimation technique, the authors also provide detailed background on automatic analog IC sizing and optimization.

Machine Learning Applications In Electronic Design Automation

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Author : Haoxing Ren
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-01-01

Machine Learning Applications In Electronic Design Automation written by Haoxing Ren and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.

​This book serves as a single-source reference to key machine learning (ML) applications and methods in digital and analog design and verification. Experts from academia and industry cover a wide range of the latest research on ML applications in electronic design automation (EDA), including analysis and optimization of digital design, analysis and optimization of analog design, as well as functional verification, FPGA and system level designs, design for manufacturing (DFM), and design space exploration. The authors also cover key ML methods such as classical ML, deep learning models such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), graph neural networks (GNNs), generative adversarial networks (GANs) and optimization methods such as reinforcement learning (RL) and Bayesian optimization (BO). All of these topics are valuable to chip designers and EDA developers and researchers working in digital and analog designs and verification.

Analog Integrated Circuit Design Automation

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Author : Ricardo Martins
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-07-20

Analog Integrated Circuit Design Automation written by Ricardo Martins and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book introduces readers to a variety of tools for analog layout design automation. After discussing the placement and routing problem in electronic design automation (EDA), the authors overview a variety of automatic layout generation tools, as well as the most recent advances in analog layout-aware circuit sizing. The discussion includes different methods for automatic placement (a template-based Placer and an optimization-based Placer), a fully-automatic Router and an empirical-based Parasitic Extractor. The concepts and algorithms of all the modules are thoroughly described, enabling readers to reproduce the methodologies, improve the quality of their designs, or use them as starting point for a new tool. All the methods described are applied to practical examples for a 130nm design process, as well as placement and routing benchmark sets.

Performance Optimization Techniques In Analog Mixed Signal And Radio Frequency Circuit Design

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Author : Fakhfakh, Mourad
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2014-10-31

Performance Optimization Techniques In Analog Mixed Signal And Radio Frequency Circuit Design written by Fakhfakh, Mourad and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Improving the performance of existing technologies has always been a focal practice in the development of computational systems. However, as circuitry is becoming more complex, conventional techniques are becoming outdated and new research methodologies are being implemented by designers. Performance Optimization Techniques in Analog, Mixed-Signal, and Radio-Frequency Circuit Design features recent advances in the engineering of integrated systems with prominence placed on methods for maximizing the functionality of these systems. This book emphasizes prospective trends in the field and is an essential reference source for researchers, practitioners, engineers, and technology designers interested in emerging research and techniques in the performance optimization of different circuit designs.

Vlsi Physical Design From Graph Partitioning To Timing Closure

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Author : Andrew B. Kahng
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-06-14

Vlsi Physical Design From Graph Partitioning To Timing Closure written by Andrew B. Kahng and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-14 with Technology & Engineering categories.

The complexity of modern chip design requires extensive use of specialized software throughout the process. To achieve the best results, a user of this software needs a high-level understanding of the underlying mathematical models and algorithms. In addition, a developer of such software must have a keen understanding of relevant computer science aspects, including algorithmic performance bottlenecks and how various algorithms operate and interact. This book introduces and compares the fundamental algorithms that are used during the IC physical design phase, wherein a geometric chip layout is produced starting from an abstract circuit design. This updated second edition includes recent advancements in the state-of-the-art of physical design, and builds upon foundational coverage of essential and fundamental techniques. Numerous examples and tasks with solutions increase the clarity of presentation and facilitate deeper understanding. A comprehensive set of slides is available on the Internet for each chapter, simplifying use of the book in instructional settings. “This improved, second edition of the book will continue to serve the EDA and design community well. It is a foundational text and reference for the next generation of professionals who will be called on to continue the advancement of our chip design tools and design the most advanced micro-electronics.” Dr. Leon Stok, Vice President, Electronic Design Automation, IBM Systems Group “This is the book I wish I had when I taught EDA in the past, and the one I’m using from now on.” Dr. Louis K. Scheffer, Howard Hughes Medical Institute “I would happily use this book when teaching Physical Design. I know of no other work that’s as comprehensive and up-to-date, with algorithmic focus and clear pseudocode for the key algorithms. The book is beautifully designed!” Prof. John P. Hayes, University of Michigan “The entire field of electronic design automation owes the authors a great debt for providing a single coherent source on physical design that is clear and tutorial in nature, while providing details on key state-of-the-art topics such as timing closure.” Prof. Kurt Keutzer, University of California, Berkeley “An excellent balance of the basics and more advanced concepts, presented by top experts in the field.” Prof. Sachin Sapatnekar, University of Minnesota

The Art Of Analog Layout

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Author : Alan Hastings
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001

The Art Of Analog Layout written by Alan Hastings and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Dummies (Bookselling) categories.

Based on the author's extensive experience as a circuit designer and a layout designer, The Art of Analog Layout takes a practical and authoritative perspective, providing the reader with broad coverage of the issues involved in successfully laying out analog integrated circuits. Topics range from the mechanics of layout to essential information about many related areas, such as device physics, processing failure modes and effects, device operation, parasitics, and matching. The emphasis throughout is on practical knowledge. Written for layout designers, the mathematics is kept to a minimum, requiring only a familiarity with basic algebra and elementary electronics. Provides a carrier-based model for understanding device operation. Focuses on three processes: standard bipolar, polysilicon-gate CMOS, and analog BICMOS, enabling the reader to comprehend most new processes. Discusses the ways in which variations in layout geometries affect the performance of devices fabricated in silicon. Many exercises can be completed using pencil and paper for those who do not have access to layout editing software.

Sizing In Clothing

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Author : S Ashdown
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2007-04-11

Sizing In Clothing written by S Ashdown and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-04-11 with Technology & Engineering categories.

The basic concepts behind sizing systems currently used in the manufacture of ready-to-wear garments were originally developed in the 19th century. These systems are frequently based on outdated anthropometric data, they lack standard labelling, and they generally do not accommodate the wide variations of body sizes and proportions that exist in the population. However, major technological improvements have made new population data available worldwide, with the potential to affect the future of sizing in many ways. New developments in computer-aided design and sophisticated mathematical and statistical methods of categorizing different body shapes can also contribute to the development of more effective sizing systems. This important book provides a critical appreciation of the key technological and scientific developments in sizing and their application.The first chapter in the book discusses the history of sizing systems and how this has affected the mass production of ready-to-wear clothing. Chapters two and three review methods for constructing new and adapting existing sizing systems, and the standardisation of national and international sizing systems. Marketing and fit models are reviewed in chapter four whilst chapter five presents an analysis of the grading process used to create size sets. Chapters six and seven discuss fit and sizing strategies in relation to function, and the communication of sizing. Mass customization and a discussion of material properties and their affect on sizing are addressed in chapters eight and nine. Military sizing and the aesthetics of sizing are detailed in chapters ten and eleven. The final chapter reviews the impact on sizing of production systems and specifications.Written by an international team of contributors, this book is an essential reference to researchers, designers, students and manufacturers in the clothing and fashion industry. - Provides a critical appreciation of key technological and scientific developments in sizing and their application - Discusses how developments in sizing affect the mass production of ready to wear clothing - Reviews methods of constructing new and adapting existing sizing systems