Beyond The Freshman 15 Exploring The Contextual Psychosocial And Behavioral Risk Protective Factors Associated With Obesity Among U S College Students
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Beyond The Freshman 15 Exploring The Contextual Psychosocial And Behavioral Risk Protective Factors Associated With Obesity Among U S College Students
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Author : Chia-Hsin Emily Cheng
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Beyond The Freshman 15 Exploring The Contextual Psychosocial And Behavioral Risk Protective Factors Associated With Obesity Among U S College Students written by Chia-Hsin Emily Cheng and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
The growing prevalence of obesity among college-attending young adults is a major public health issue. Over one-third of U.S. college students are either overweight (23.3%) or obese (16.3%) (ACHA, 2017). This is problematic because overweight status during young adulthood is predictive of obesity in later life (Zheng et al., 2017). Thus, overweight and obese young adults face greater risk of developing chronic diseases, including more than half of the 15 leading causes of death in the U.S. The college milieu may be key to understanding obesity because it creates a distinct psychosocial context and shapes exposure to unique risks for young adults. Moreover, college students experience greater psychological distress compared to the general population, perhaps due to the stress associated with increased social and academic pressures. Given that distress has been linked with obesity and maladaptive health behaviors in prior research, enhancing psychological well-being may be an effective strategy to address the rising rates of obesity among college students. However, we still know relatively little about the distinct psychosocial and contextual risk and protective factors among this population. The purpose of this dissertation is to evaluate the contextual, psychosocial, and behavioral factors associated with obesity among college students at an ethnically diverse public university in Southern California. This will be investigated in three studies: Study 1 examines the extent to which social context and psychological distress are associated with increased odds of obesity among college students. Study 2 evaluates the role of lifestyle health behaviors in the relationship between distress and obesity. Study 3 assesses the ways that social relationships and eating habits shape comorbidity patterns in psychological distress and obesity among college students; a latent variable structural model is also used to explore these relationships. Findings from this dissertation may contribute to the limited, but growing body of literature on the nuanced relationship between psychological distress and obesity among college students. In addition, understanding how the college context distinguishes the health of this population may help campuses to create more tailored prevention and intervention programs that account for these psychosocial and contextual risk factors.
Factors Contributing To Weight Gain Among College Freshmen And Beyond
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Author : Cody L. Chipp
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Factors Contributing To Weight Gain Among College Freshmen And Beyond written by Cody L. Chipp and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with College freshmen categories.
Linked with a higher risk of life threatening illnesses, obesity in the United States has become an epidemic, with a prevalence rate of overweight and obese adults of nearly 68%. Obesity rates have accelerated over the past two decades and one crucial developmental period for weight gain is among emerging adults attending college. Using an explanatory mixed-method design, this study examined contributing factors to weight gain among college students, including eliciting university stakeholders' perceptions of supports and barriers to exercising and healthy eating among students. Data collection for the quantitative phase of the study consisted of two waves, baseline and 2-year follow-up. Students completed psychosocial and anthropometric measures (height, weight, and body fat percentage). Data collected for the qualitative phase of the study consisted of key informant interviews with university administrators (n=15) and seven student focus groups (n=34 students). Qualitative analyses were conducted with NVivo software and multiple coders, using a grounded theory approach to elicit major themes. Students gained 1.5 lbs (p>.05), with 34% of participants gaining over 5 lbs and 17% over 10 lbs. Participants who gained weight were men, ate more calories from sweets or desserts, and consumed fewer calories from fats. Increase in calories from desserts or sweets increased odds of weight gain (OR=1.075, CI=1.01-1.14) and body fat (OR=1.106, CI=1.036-1.181). Contextualizing the quantitative findings, students and administrators identified several themes that support healthy living, including access to nutritious food and physical amenities. Both groups also identified barriers, including easy access to high-calorie foods, limited recreation facilities, and policy challenges. Administrators spoke of extant health promotion efforts; however, students did not perceive active health promotion initiatives on campus. Dietary habits were identified drivers of weight gain among students. Extant campus supports and barriers to exercise and healthy eating among students were equally identified by students and administrators with great reliability. Implications for future health promotion efforts, food availability, recreation, and physical amenities are discussed in the context of clears sets of recommendations for stakeholder groups. Future research should explore specific dietary foods that are increasing weight and develop targeted preventions/interventions for individuals at risk.
Investing In The Health And Well Being Of Young Adults
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2015-01-27
Investing In The Health And Well Being Of Young Adults written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-27 with Medical categories.
Young adulthood - ages approximately 18 to 26 - is a critical period of development with long-lasting implications for a person's economic security, health and well-being. Young adults are key contributors to the nation's workforce and military services and, since many are parents, to the healthy development of the next generation. Although 'millennials' have received attention in the popular media in recent years, young adults are too rarely treated as a distinct population in policy, programs, and research. Instead, they are often grouped with adolescents or, more often, with all adults. Currently, the nation is experiencing economic restructuring, widening inequality, a rapidly rising ratio of older adults, and an increasingly diverse population. The possible transformative effects of these features make focus on young adults especially important. A systematic approach to understanding and responding to the unique circumstances and needs of today's young adults can help to pave the way to a more productive and equitable tomorrow for young adults in particular and our society at large. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults describes what is meant by the term young adulthood, who young adults are, what they are doing, and what they need. This study recommends actions that nonprofit programs and federal, state, and local agencies can take to help young adults make a successful transition from adolescence to adulthood. According to this report, young adults should be considered as a separate group from adolescents and older adults. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults makes the case that increased efforts to improve high school and college graduate rates and education and workforce development systems that are more closely tied to high-demand economic sectors will help this age group achieve greater opportunity and success. The report also discusses the health status of young adults and makes recommendations to develop evidence-based practices for young adults for medical and behavioral health, including preventions. What happens during the young adult years has profound implications for the rest of the life course, and the stability and progress of society at large depends on how any cohort of young adults fares as a whole. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults will provide a roadmap to improving outcomes for this age group as they transition from adolescence to adulthood.
Bullying Among University Students
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Author : Helen Cowie
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-09-16
Bullying Among University Students written by Helen Cowie and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-16 with Education categories.
Bullying Amongst University Students is a pioneering collection of knowledge and evidence exploring the under-researched phenomenon of bullying in universities. Abusive behaviour amongst young people is a serious and pervasive problem that is exacerbated by the rapid advances in electronic communication, and in this book the authors highlight the problem and proceed to facilitate new practices and policies to address it. This book brings together an international team of authors from a range of disciplines, encompassing education, psychology, criminology, law and counselling, who have carried out research in the area of university bullying. Addressing critical dialogues and debates, the authors explore peer on peer violence, intimidation and social exclusion before considering its effects on students and making recommendations for action and further research. Key topics include: Cyberbullying and cyber aggression Rape culture across the university Homophobic and transphobic bullying The impact of bullying on mental health The role of bully and victim across the lifespan Policies and procedures to address bullying International in authorship and scope, this book will be an invaluable resource for students and researchers in fields such as education, psychology, sociology, health studies and criminology. It is also essential reading for university policy-makers and union representatives responsible for the emotional and physical well-being of students.
Loneliness Human Nature And The Need For Social Connection
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Author : John T. Cacioppo
language : en
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
Release Date : 2008-08-17
Loneliness Human Nature And The Need For Social Connection written by John T. Cacioppo and has been published by W. W. Norton & Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-08-17 with Science categories.
Based on groundbreaking research showing that prolonged loneliness can be as harmful to your health as smoking, Loneliness is “one of the most important books about the human condition to appear in a decade” (Daniel Gilbert, author of Stumbling on Happiness). University of Chicago social neuroscientist John T. Cacioppo pioneered research on the startling effects of loneliness: a sense of isolation or social rejection disrupts not only our ability to think and will power but also our immune systems, and can be as damaging as obesity or smoking. On the flip side, social connection can be a powerful therapy. Cacioppo’s sophisticated studies relying on brain imaging, analysis of blood pressure, immune response, stress hormones, behavior, and even gene expression show that human beings are simply far more intertwined and interdependent—physiologically as well as psychologically—than our cultural assumptions have ever allowed us to acknowledge. Loneliness traces the evolution of these tandem forces, showing how, for our primitive ancestors, survival depended not on greater brawn but on greater commitments to each other. Serving as a prompt to repair frayed social bonds, the pain of loneliness engendered a fear response so powerfully disruptive that even now, millions of years later, a persistent sense of rejection or isolation can impair DNA transcription in our immune cells. This disruption also impairs our ability to read social signals and exercise social skills, as well as limits our ability to internally regulate our emotions—all of which can combine to trap us in self-defeating behaviors that reinforce the very isolation and rejection that we dread. Loneliness shows us how to overcome this feedback loop to achieve better health and greater happiness. As individuals and as a society, we have everything to gain, and everything to lose, in how well or how poorly we manage our need for social bonds.
Handbook Of Eating And Drinking
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Author : Herbert L. Meiselman
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2020-05-22
Handbook Of Eating And Drinking written by Herbert L. Meiselman and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-22 with Psychology categories.
Eating, including the provision of food and the consumption of food, is the biggest industry in the world, and a major contributor to our health, and to our enjoyment. This book on “Eating” is a unique and novel multi-disciplinary presentation of the whole breadth of research and discussion of the factors that impact eating, and reciprocally the factors that eating impacts. The purpose of this book is to familiarize readers with the areas of eating research and discussion with which they might not be familiar. The multi-disciplinary approach includes the basic and applied sciences (including biology, ecology, nutrition, and food science, as well as important behavioral and social sciences (including history, development, culinary arts, food service, business and marketing). The book ends with a review of current trends and predictions of the future for multiple aspects of eating.
Occupational Therapy Practice Framework Domain And Process
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Author : Aota
language : en
Publisher: AOTA Press
Release Date : 2014
Occupational Therapy Practice Framework Domain And Process written by Aota and has been published by AOTA Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Medical categories.
As occupational therapy celebrates its centennial in 2017, attention returns to the profession's founding belief in the value of therapeutic occupations as a way to remediate illness and maintain health. The founders emphasized the importance of establishing a therapeutic relationship with each client and designing an intervention plan based on the knowledge about a client's context and environment, values, goals, and needs. Using today's lexicon, the profession's founders proposed a vision for the profession that was occupation based, client centered, and evidence based--the vision articulated in the third edition of the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process. The Framework is a must-have official document from the American Occupational Therapy Association. Intended for occupational therapy practitioners and students, other health care professionals, educators, researchers, payers, and consumers, the Framework summarizes the interrelated constructs that describe occupational therapy practice. In addition to the creation of a new preface to set the tone for the work, this new edition includes the following highlights: a redefinition of the overarching statement describing occupational therapy's domain; a new definition of clients that includes persons, groups, and populations; further delineation of the profession's relationship to organizations; inclusion of activity demands as part of the process; and even more up-to-date analysis and guidance for today's occupational therapy practitioners. Achieving health, well-being, and participation in life through engagement in occupation is the overarching statement that describes the domain and process of occupational therapy in the fullest sense. The Framework can provide the structure and guidance that practitioners can use to meet this important goal.
Food Insecurity On Campus
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Author : Katharine M. Broton
language : en
Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press
Release Date : 2020-05-12
Food Insecurity On Campus written by Katharine M. Broton and has been published by Johns Hopkins University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-12 with Education categories.
Crutchfield, James Dubick, Amy Ellen Duke-Benfield, Sara Goldrick-Rab, Jordan Herrera, Nicole Hindes, Russell Lowery-Hart, Jennifer J. Maguire, Michael Rosen, Sabrina Sanders, Rachel Sumekh
Social Epidemiology
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Author : Lisa F. Berkman
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2000-03-09
Social Epidemiology written by Lisa F. Berkman and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-03-09 with Medical categories.
This book shows the important links between social conditions and health and begins to describe the processes through which these health inequalities may be generated. It reviews a range of methodologies that could be used by health researchers in this field and proposes innovative future research directions.
The 71f Advantage
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Author : National Defense University Press
language : en
Publisher: NDU Press
Release Date : 2010-09
The 71f Advantage written by National Defense University Press and has been published by NDU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09 with Psychology categories.
Includes a foreword by Major General David A. Rubenstein. From the editor: "71F, or "71 Foxtrot," is the AOC (area of concentration) code assigned by the U.S. Army to the specialty of Research Psychology. Qualifying as an Army research psychologist requires, first of all, a Ph.D. from a research (not clinical) intensive graduate psychology program. Due to their advanced education, research psychologists receive a direct commission as Army officers in the Medical Service Corps at the rank of captain. In terms of numbers, the 71F AOC is a small one, with only 25 to 30 officers serving in any given year. However, the 71F impact is much bigger than this small cadre suggests. Army research psychologists apply their extensive training and expertise in the science of psychology and social behavior toward understanding, preserving, and enhancing the health, well being, morale, and performance of Soldiers and military families. As is clear throughout the pages of this book, they do this in many ways and in many areas, but always with a scientific approach. This is the 71F advantage: applying the science of psychology to understand the human dimension, and developing programs, policies, and products to benefit the person in military operations. This book grew out of the April 2008 biennial conference of U.S. Army Research Psychologists, held in Bethesda, Maryland. This meeting was to be my last as Consultant to the Surgeon General for Research Psychology, and I thought it would be a good idea to publish proceedings, which had not been done before. As Consultant, I'd often wished for such a document to help explain to people what it is that Army Research Psychologists "do for a living." In addition to our core group of 71Fs, at the Bethesda 2008 meeting we had several brand-new members, and a number of distinguished retirees, the "grey-beards" of the 71F clan. Together with longtime 71F colleagues Ross Pastel and Mark Vaitkus, I also saw an unusual opportunity to capture some of the history of the Army Research Psychology specialty while providing a representative sample of current 71F research and activities. It seemed to us especially important to do this at a time when the operational demands on the Army and the total force were reaching unprecedented levels, with no sign of easing, and with the Army in turn relying more heavily on research psychology to inform its programs for protecting the health, well being, and performance of Soldiers and their families."