Body Representations Peripersonal Space And The Self Humans Animals Robots
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Body Representations Peripersonal Space And The Self Humans Animals Robots
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Author : Matej Hoffmann
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-07-22
Body Representations Peripersonal Space And The Self Humans Animals Robots written by Matej Hoffmann and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-22 with categories.
Human Robot Body Experience
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Author : Philipp Beckerle
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-06-01
Human Robot Body Experience written by Philipp Beckerle and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-06-01 with Computers categories.
This monograph presents innovative research regarding the body experience of human individuals who are using assistive robotic devices such as wearable robots or teleoperation systems. The focus is set on human-in-the-loop experiments that help to empirically evaluate how users experience devices. Moreover, these experiments allow for further examination of the underlying mechanisms of body experience through extending existing psychological paradigms, e.g., by disentangling tactile feedback from contacts. Besides reporting and discussing psychological examinations, the influence of various aspects of engineering design is investigated, e.g., different implementations of haptic interfaces or robot control. As haptics are of paramount importance in this tight type of human-robot interaction, it is explored with respect to modality as well as temporal and spatial effects. The first part of the book motivates the research topic and gives an in-depth analysis of the experimental requirements. The second and third part present experimental designs and studies of human-robot body experience regarding the upper and lower limbs as well as cognitive models to predict them. The fourth part discusses a multitude of design considerations and provides directions to guide future research on bidirectional human-machine interfaces and non-functional haptic feedback.
Bio A I From Embodied Cognition To Enactive Robotics
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Author : Adam Safron
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-12-08
Bio A I From Embodied Cognition To Enactive Robotics written by Adam Safron and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-08 with Science categories.
Even before the deep learning revolution, the landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) was already changing drastically in the 90s. Embodied intelligence, it was proposed, must play a crucial role in the design of intelligent machines. This new wave was inspired by what is today known as Embodied and Enactive Cognitive Science or E-Cognition, which considers that cognitive activity does not reduce to the intellectual capacities of agents being able to represent their environments. E-cognition set AI and robotics in a new direction, in which intelligent machines are required to interact with the environment, and where this interaction does not reduce to explicit representations or prespecified algorithms. These ideas revolutionized the way we think about intelligent machines and cognition, but these theoretical advances are only partially reflected in modern approaches to AI and machine learning (ML). Despite deeply impressive achievements, AI/ML still struggles to recapitulate the kinds of intelligence we find in natural systems, whether we are considering individual insects (e.g. simultaneous localization and mapping), or swarm behaviour (e.g. forum sensing and ensemble inferences), and especially the kinds of flexibility and high-level reasoning characteristic of human cognition.
Body Schema And Body Image
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Author : Yochai Ataria
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021
Body Schema And Body Image written by Yochai Ataria and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Psychology categories.
Body schema is a system of sensory-motor capacities that function without awareness or the necessity of perceptual monitoring. Body image consists of a system of perceptions, attitudes, and beliefs pertaining to one's own body. In 2005 Shaun Gallagher published an influential book entitled How the Body Shapes the Mind (OUP). That book not only defined both body schema and body image, but explored the complicated relationship between the two. It also established the idea that there is a double dissociation, whereby body schema and body image refer to two different but closely related systems. Given that many kinds of pathological cases can be described in terms of body schema and body image (phantom limbs, asomatognosia, apraxia, schizophrenia, anorexia, depersonalization, and body dysmorphic disorder, among others), we might expect to find a growing consensus about these concepts and the relevant neural activities connected to these systems. Instead, an examination of the scientific literature reveals continued ambiguity and disagreement. This volume brings together leading experts from the fields of philosophy, neuroscience, psychology, and psychiatry in a lively and productive dialogue. It explores fundamental questions about the relationship between body schema and body image, and addresses ongoing debates about the role of the brain and the role of social and cultural factors in our understanding of embodiment.
The Oxford Handbook Of 4e Cognition
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Author : Albert Newen
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018-08-23
The Oxford Handbook Of 4e Cognition written by Albert Newen and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-23 with Psychology categories.
4E cognition (embodied, embedded, enactive, and extended) is a relatively young and thriving field of interdisciplinary research. It assumes that cognition is shaped and structured by dynamic interactions between the brain, body, and both the physical and social environments. With essays from leading scholars and researchers, The Oxford Handbook of 4E Cognition investigates this recent paradigm. It addresses the central issues of embodied cognition by focusing on recent trends, such as Bayesian inference and predictive coding, and presenting new insights, such as the development of false belief understanding. The Oxford Handbook of 4E Cognition also introduces new theoretical paradigms for understanding emotion and conceptualizing the interactions between cognition, language, and culture. With an entire section dedicated to the application of 4E cognition in disciplines such as psychiatry and robotics, and critical notes aimed at stimulating discussion, this Oxford handbook is the definitive guide to 4E cognition. Aimed at neuroscientists, psychologists, psychiatrists, and philosophers, The Oxford Handbook of 4E Cognition will be essential reading for anyone with an interest in this young and thriving field.
Body Schema And Body Image
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Author : Yochai Ataria
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021-07-01
Body Schema And Body Image written by Yochai Ataria and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-01 with Psychology categories.
Body schema is a system of sensory-motor capacities that function without awareness or the necessity of perceptual monitoring. Body image consists of a system of perceptions, attitudes, and beliefs pertaining to one's own body. In 2005 Shaun Gallagher published an influential book entitled How the Body Shapes the Mind (OUP). That book not only defined both body schema and body image, but explored the complicated relationship between the two. It also established the idea that there is a double dissociation, whereby body schema and body image refer to two different but closely related systems. Given that many kinds of pathological cases can be described in terms of body schema and body image (phantom limbs, asomatognosia, apraxia, schizophrenia, anorexia, depersonalization, and body dysmorphic disorder, among others), we might expect to find a growing consensus about these concepts and the relevant neural activities connected to these systems. Instead, an examination of the scientific literature reveals continued ambiguity and disagreement. This volume brings together leading experts from the fields of philosophy, neuroscience, psychology, and psychiatry in a lively and productive dialogue. It explores fundamental questions about the relationship between body schema and body image, and addresses ongoing debates about the role of the brain and the role of social and cultural factors in our understanding of embodiment.
Re Enacting Sensorimotor Experience For Cognition
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Author : Guido Schillaci
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-03-29
Re Enacting Sensorimotor Experience For Cognition written by Guido Schillaci and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-29 with Electronic book categories.
Mastering the sensorimotor capabilities of our body is a skill that we acquire and refine over time, starting at the prenatal stages of development. This learning process is linked to brain development and is shaped by the rich set of multimodal information experienced while exploring and interacting with the environment. Evidence coming from neuroscience suggests the brain forms and mantains body representations as the main strategy to this mastering. Although it is still not clear how this knowledge is represented in our brain, it is reasonable to think that such internal models of the body undergo a continuous process of adaptation. They need to match growing corporal dimensions during development, as well as temporary changes in the characteristics of the body, such as the transient morphological alterations produced by the usage of tools. In the robotics community there is an increasing interest in reproducing similar mechanisms in artificial agents, mainly motivated by the aim of producing autonomous adaptive systems that can deal with complexity and uncertainty in human environments. Although promising results have been achieved in the context of sensorimotor learning and autonomous generation of body representations, it is still not clear how such low-level representations can be scaled up to more complex motor skills and how they can enable the development of cognitive capabilities. Recent findings from behavioural and brain studies suggests that processes of mental simulations of action-perception loops are likely to be executed in our brain and are dependent on internal motor representations. The capability to simulate sensorimotor experience might represent a key mechanism behind the implementation of further cognitive skills, such as self-detection, self-other distinction and imitation. Empirical investigation on the functioning of similar processes in the brain and on their implementation in artificial agents is fragmented. This e-book comprises a collection of manuscripts published by Frontiers in Robotics and Artificial Intelligence, under the section Humanoid Robotics, on the research topic re-enactment of sensorimotor experience for cognition in artificial agents. This compendium aims at condensing the latest theoretical, review and experimental studies that address new paradigms for learning and integrating multimodal sensorimotor information in artificial agents, re-use of the sensorimotor experience for cognitive development and further construction of more complex strategies and behaviours using these concepts. The authors would like to thank M.A. Dylan Andrade for his art work for the cover.
Calatonia E Toques Sutis Enfoque Neurocient Fico
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Author : Anita Ribeiro Blanchard
language : pt-BR
Publisher: Editora Appris
Release Date : 2022-02-02
Calatonia E Toques Sutis Enfoque Neurocient Fico written by Anita Ribeiro Blanchard and has been published by Editora Appris this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-02-02 with Education categories.
A integração da psicoterapia e de técnicas somáticas é considerada imprescindível por suas amplas aplicações no tratamento do trauma e nos transtornos de pânico, ansiedade e depressão, cujas conexões neurobiológicas não podem mais ser negligenciadas ou ignoradas pela psicologia clínica. Acredita-se que nas próximas décadas serão desenvolvidos tratamentos terapêuticos mais eficazes, que incluam o componente somático com base na ciência das redes neurais, redimensionando assim o excessivo valor da atual visão sintomatológica e comportamental dos transtornos mentais. Nesse sentido, o método da Calatonia já inclui o componente somático em sintonia com a conectividade neural há mais de 60 anos, apresentando resultados notáveis, com décadas de validação clínica. Pioneiro notável, ao criar a Calatonia, o professor Sándor utilizou os conceitos atualmente definidos como sincronização interpessoal, corregulação terapeuta-paciente, reflexo de orientação e divagação mental, favorecida pela rede de modo padrão de forma integrada aos componentes afetivos e cognitivos ativados pelos diversos receptores táteis. Anita Ribeiro Blanchard traz novas contribuições para a compreensão e fundamentação dessas técnicas somáticas aliadas à psicologia clínica e à psicoterapia. São apresentadas as hipóteses teóricas sobre os correlatos neurais da Calatonia, de acordo com os estudos mais recentes das neurociências, a fim de promover futuras pesquisas e uma prática terapêutica sólida nas áreas da psicologia, psicoterapia, saúde, educação, medicina comportamental e terapias somáticas.
Intrinsic Motivations And Open Ended Development In Animals Humans And Robots
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Author : Gianluca Baldassarre
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date : 2015-02-10
Intrinsic Motivations And Open Ended Development In Animals Humans And Robots written by Gianluca Baldassarre and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-02-10 with Autonomous robots categories.
The aim of this Research Topic for Frontiers in Psychology under the section of Cognitive Science and Frontiers in Neurorobotics is to present state-of-the-art research, whether theoretical, empirical, or computational investigations, on open-ended development driven by intrinsic motivations. The topic will address questions such as: How do motivations drive learning? How are complex skills built up from a foundation of simpler competencies? What are the neural and computational bases for intrinsically motivated learning? What is the contribution of intrinsic motivations to wider cognition? Autonomous development and lifelong open-ended learning are hallmarks of intelligence. Higher mammals, and especially humans, engage in activities that do not appear to directly serve the goals of survival, reproduction, or material advantage. Rather, a large part of their activity is intrinsically motivated - behavior driven by curiosity, play, interest in novel stimuli and surprising events, autonomous goal-setting, and the pleasure of acquiring new competencies. This allows the cumulative acquisition of knowledge and skills that can later be used to accomplish fitness-enhancing goals. Intrinsic motivations continue during adulthood, and in humans artistic creativity, scientific discovery, and subjective well-being owe much to them. The study of intrinsically motivated behavior has a long history in psychological and ethological research, which is now being reinvigorated by perspectives from neuroscience, artificial intelligence and computer science. For example, recent neuroscientific research is discovering how neuromodulators like dopamine and noradrenaline relate not only to extrinsic rewards but also to novel and surprising events, how brain areas such as the superior colliculus and the hippocampus are involved in the perception and processing of events, novel stimuli, and novel associations of stimuli, and how violations of predictions and expectations influence learning and motivation. Computational approaches are characterizing the space of possible reinforcement learning algorithms and their augmentation by intrinsic reinforcements of different kinds. Research in robotics and machine learning is yielding systems with increasing autonomy and capacity for self-improvement: artificial systems with motivations that are similar to those of real organisms and support prolonged autonomous learning. Computational research on intrinsic motivation is being complemented by, and closely interacting with, research that aims to build hierarchical architectures capable of acquiring, storing, and exploiting the knowledge and skills acquired through intrinsically motivated learning. Now is an important moment in the study of intrinsically motivated open-ended development, requiring contributions and integration across a large number of fields within the cognitive sciences. This Research Topic aims to contribute to this effort by welcoming papers carried out with ethological, psychological, neuroscientific and computational approaches, as well as research that cuts across disciplines and approaches.
Imitation And Social Learning In Robots Humans And Animals
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Author : Chrystopher L. Nehaniv
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2007-03-29
Imitation And Social Learning In Robots Humans And Animals written by Chrystopher L. Nehaniv and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-03-29 with Psychology categories.
Mechanisms of imitation and social matching play a fundamental role in development, communication, interaction, learning and culture. Their investigation in different agents (animals, humans and robots) has significantly influenced our understanding of the nature and origins of social intelligence. Whilst such issues have traditionally been studied in areas such as psychology, biology and ethnology, it has become increasingly recognised that a 'constructive approach' towards imitation and social learning via the synthesis of artificial agents can provide important insights into mechanisms and create artefacts that can be instructed and taught by imitation, demonstration, and social interaction rather than by explicit programming. This book studies increasingly sophisticated models and mechanisms of social matching behaviour and marks an important step towards the development of an interdisciplinary research field, consolidating and providing a valuable reference for the increasing number of researchers in the field of imitation and social learning in robots, humans and animals.