Boeing 737 Max Flight Control System
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The Status Of The Boeing 737 Max And Flight Control System Review
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Author : John I. Corneau
language : en
Publisher: Nova Snova
Release Date : 2020-05-20
The Status Of The Boeing 737 Max And Flight Control System Review written by John I. Corneau and has been published by Nova Snova this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-20 with Airplanes categories.
Chapters 1 and 2 explore the Lion Air Flight 610 and Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 accidents, the resulting international grounding of the Boeing 737 MAX aircraft, and actions needed to ensure the safety of the aircraft before returning them to revenue service. Because of apparent similarities in factors that may have contributed to the Lion Air Flight 610 and Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 accidents, the FAA Associate Administrator for Aviation Safety established a Joint Authorities Technical Review (JATR) to review the type certification of the flight control system on the B737 MAX. Chapter 3 discusses the recommendations pertaining to that review.
Boeing 737 Max Flight Control System
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Author : Joint Authorities Technical Review (Panel)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Boeing 737 Max Flight Control System written by Joint Authorities Technical Review (Panel) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Airplanes categories.
Cockpit Automation Flight Systems Complexity And Aircraft Certification
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Author : Bart Elias
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019-10-20
Cockpit Automation Flight Systems Complexity And Aircraft Certification written by Bart Elias and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10-20 with categories.
The increasing complexity and automation of flight control systems pose a challenge to federal policy regarding aircraft certification and pilot training. Despite significant commercial aviation safety improvements over the past two decades, flight control automation and aircraft complexity have been cited as contributing factors in a number of major airline accidents, including two high-profile crashes overseas involving the recently introduced Boeing 737 Max variant in 2018 and 2019. These crashes have directed attention to Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) oversight of aircraft type certification and pilot training practices for transport category aircraft, particularly as they pertain to complex automated flight control systems. As aircraft systems have evolved over the past three decades to incorporate new technologies, Congress has mandated FAA to streamline certification processes, with the primary motivation being to facilitate the development of new safety-enhancing technologies. Modern commercial aircraft rely on "fly-by-wire" flight control technologies, under which pilots' flight control inputs are sent to computers rather than through direct mechanical linkages to flight control systems. The fly-by-wire software contains flight control laws and logic that, in addition to optimizing performance efficiency, protect the aircraft from commanded actions that could put the airplane in an unsafe state. Automated flight control systems have largely been viewed as having a positive effect on safety, and accident rates have improved considerably over the past two decades. However, the increasing complexity of automated flight systems has sometimes caused confusion and uncertainty, contributing to improper pilot actions during critical phases of flight and in some cases leading pilots to unintentionally place an aircraft in an unsafe condition. Besides designing these systems in a manner that minimizes pilot errors and the consequences of those errors, aircraft designers and operators face challenges regarding maintaining piloting skills for flight crews to be able to take over and manually fly the aircraft safely if critical systems fail. They also face challenges regarding documentation and pilot training effectiveness in building accurate mental models of how these complex systems operate. The primary goals of ongoing efforts to address these challenges are to enhance pilot situation awareness when using automation and reduce the likelihood of mode errors and confusion, while at the same time not overburdening pilots with intricate systems knowledge beyond what is necessary. In the ongoing investigations of two Boeing 737 Max crashes, Lion Air flight 610 and Ethiopian Airlines flight 302, concerns have been raised about the design of an automated feature called the Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System (MCAS) and its reliance on a single angle-of-attack sensor even though the aircraft is equipped with two such sensors. These concerns led to the worldwide grounding of all Boeing 737 Max aircraft until the MCAS safety concerns can be resolved, significantly impacting both U.S. and foreign airlines that operate the aircraft. These recent aviation accidents have prompted reviews of the manner in which modern transport category aircraft are certified by FAA and its foreign counterparts, and in particular, the roles of regulators and manufacturers in the certification process. The challenges of certifying increasingly complex aircraft are largely being met by delegating more of FAA's certification functions to aircraft designers and manufacturers. This raises potential conflicts between safety and quality assurance on the one hand and competitive pressures to market and deliver aircraft on the other. Under Organization Designation Authorization (ODA), FAA can designate companies to carry out delegated certification functions on its behalf.
Boeing 737
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Author : Graham M. Simons
language : en
Publisher: Air World
Release Date : 2021-03-15
Boeing 737 written by Graham M. Simons and has been published by Air World this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-15 with Transportation categories.
An in-depth history of the controversial airplane, from its design, development and service to politics, power struggles, and more. The Boeing 737 is an American short- to medium-range twinjet narrow-body airliner developed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes, a division of the Boeing Company. Originally designed as a shorter, lower-cost twin-engine airliner derived from the 707 and 727, the 737 has grown into a family of passenger models with capacities from 85 to 215 passengers, the most recent version of which, the 737 MAX, has become embroiled in a worldwide controversy. Initially envisioned in 1964, the first 737-100 made its first flight in April 1967 and entered airline service in February 1968 with Lufthansa. The 737 series went on to become one of the highest-selling commercial jetliners in history and has been in production in its core form since 1967; the 10,000th example was rolled out on 13 March 2018. There is, however, a very different side to the convoluted story of the 737’s development, one that demonstrates a transition of power from a primarily engineering structure to one of accountancy, number-driven powerbase that saw corners cut, and the previous extremely high safety methodology compromised. The result was the 737 MAX. Having entered service in 2017, this model was grounded worldwide in March 2019 following two devastating crashes.? In this revealing insight into the Boeing 737, the renowned aviation historian Graham M. Simons examines its design, development and service over the decades since 1967. He also explores the darker side of the 737’s history, laying bare the politics, power-struggles, changes of management ideology and battles with Airbus that culminated in the 737 MAX debacle that has threatened Boeing’s very survival.
Flying Blind
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Author : Peter Robison
language : en
Publisher: Anchor
Release Date : 2021-11-30
Flying Blind written by Peter Robison and has been published by Anchor this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-30 with Business & Economics categories.
NEW YORK TIMES BUSINESS BESTSELLER • A suspenseful behind-the-scenes look at the dysfunction that contributed to one of the worst tragedies in modern aviation: the 2018 and 2019 crashes of the Boeing 737 MAX. An "authoritative, gripping and finely detailed narrative that charts the decline of one of the great American companies" (New York Times Book Review), from the award-winning reporter for Bloomberg. Boeing is a century-old titan of industry. It played a major role in the early days of commercial flight, World War II bombing missions, and moon landings. The planemaker remains a cornerstone of the U.S. economy, as well as a linchpin in the awesome routine of modern air travel. But in 2018 and 2019, two crashes of the Boeing 737 MAX 8 killed 346 people. The crashes exposed a shocking pattern of malfeasance, leading to the biggest crisis in the company’s history—and one of the costliest corporate scandals ever. How did things go so horribly wrong at Boeing? Flying Blind is the definitive exposé of the disasters that transfixed the world. Drawing from exclusive interviews with current and former employees of Boeing and the FAA; industry executives and analysts; and family members of the victims, it reveals how a broken corporate culture paved the way for catastrophe. It shows how in the race to beat the competition and reward top executives, Boeing skimped on testing, pressured employees to meet unrealistic deadlines, and convinced regulators to put planes into service without properly equipping them or their pilots for flight. It examines how the company, once a treasured American innovator, became obsessed with the bottom line, putting shareholders over customers, employees, and communities. By Bloomberg investigative journalist Peter Robison, who covered Boeing as a beat reporter during the company’s fateful merger with McDonnell Douglas in the late ‘90s, this is the story of a business gone wildly off course. At once riveting and disturbing, it shows how an iconic company fell prey to a win-at-all-costs mentality, threatening an industry and endangering countless lives.
Air Crash Investigations The Boeing 737 Max Disaster Part 1 The Crash Of Lion Air Flight 610
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Author : Dirk Barreveld
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021-10-19
Air Crash Investigations The Boeing 737 Max Disaster Part 1 The Crash Of Lion Air Flight 610 written by Dirk Barreveld and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-19 with Technology & Engineering categories.
On 29 October 2018, at about 0632 Local Time (23:32 UTC 28 October 2018), a PT Lion Mentari Airlines (Lion Air) Boeing 737-8 (MAX) aircraft registered PK-LQP, was being operated as a scheduled passenger flight from Soekarno-Hatta International Airport (WIII), Jakarta with intended destination of Depati Amir Airport (WIPK), Pangkal Pinang, when the aircraft disappeared from radar after informing Air Traffic Controller (ATCo) that they had flight control, altitude and airspeed issues. The aircraft impacted the water in Tanjung Karawang, West Java, all person on board perished and the aircraft destroyed. On 26 October 2018, the SPD (speed) and ALT (altimeter) flags on the Captain's primary flight display first occurred on the flight from Tianjin, China to Manado, Indonesia. Following reoccurrence of these problems, the left angle of attack (AOA) sensor was replaced in Denpasar on 28 October 2018. The installed left AOA sensor had a 21° bias which was undetected during the installation test in Denpasar. The erroneous AOA resulted in different indications during the flight from Denpasar to Jakarta, including IAS (indicated airspeed) DISAGREE, ALT (altitude) DISAGREE, FEEL DIFF PRESS (feel differential pressure) light, activations of Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System (MCAS) and left control column stick shaker which were active throughout the flight. The flight crew was able to stop the repetitive MCAS activation by switched the stabilizer trim to cut out. After landed in Jakarta, the flight crew reported some malfunctions, but did not include the activation of stick shaker and STAB TRIM to CUT OUT. The AOA DISAGREE alert was not available on the aircraft therefore, the flight crew did not report it. The reported problem would only be able to rectify by performing tasks of AOA Disagree. The following morning on 29 October 2019, the aircraft was operated from Jakarta with intended destination of Depati Amir Airport, Pangkal Pinang. According to the DFDR and the CVR, the flight had same problems as previous flight from Denpasar to Jakarta. The flight crew started the IAS DISAGREE Non-Normal Checklist (NNC), but did not identify the runaway stabilizer. The multiple alerts, repetitive MCAS activations, and distractions related to numerous ATC communications contributed to the flight crew difficulties to control the aircraft. The MCAS was a new feature introduced on the Boeing 737-8 (MAX) to enhance pitch characteristics.
The Crash Detectives
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Author : Christine Negroni
language : en
Publisher: Atlantic Books
Release Date : 2016-09-27
The Crash Detectives written by Christine Negroni and has been published by Atlantic Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-27 with Transportation categories.
A fascinating exploration of how humans and machines fail - leading to air disasters from Amelia Earhart to MH370 - and how the lessons learned from these accidents have made flying safer. In The Crash Detectives, veteran aviation journalist and air safety investigator Christine Negroni takes the reader inside crash investigations from the early days of the jet age to the present, including the search for answers about what happened to the missing Malaysia Airlines Flight 370. As Negroni dissects each accident, she explores the common themes and, most importantly, what has been learned from them to make planes safer. Indeed, as Negroni shows, virtually every aspect of modern pilot training, airline operation and aircraft design has been shaped by lessons learned from disaster. Along the way, she also details some miraculous saves, when quick-thinking pilots averted catastrophe and kept hundreds of people alive. Tying in aviation science, performance psychology and extensive interviews with pilots, engineers, human factors specialists, crash survivors and others involved in accidents all over the world, The Crash Detectives is an alternately terrifying and inspiring book that might just cure your fear of flying, and will definitely make you a more informed passenger.
Automatic Flight Control Systems
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Author : Mohammad Sadraey
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-05-31
Automatic Flight Control Systems written by Mohammad Sadraey and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book provides readers with a design approach to the automatic flight control systems (AFCS). The AFCS is the primary on-board tool for long flight operations, and is the foundation for the airspace modernization initiatives. In this text, AFCS and autopilot are employed interchangeably. It presents fundamentals of AFCS/autopilot, including primary subsystems, dynamic modeling, AFCS categories/functions/modes, servos/actuators, measurement devices, requirements, functional block diagrams, design techniques, and control laws. The book consists of six chapters. The first two chapters cover the fundamentals of AFCS and closed-loop control systems in manned and unmanned aircraft. The last four chapters present features of Attitude control systems (Hold functions), Flight path control systems (Navigation functions), Stability augmentation systems, and Command augmentation systems, respectively.
The Boeing 737 Technical Guide
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Author : Chris Brady
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021-11-14
The Boeing 737 Technical Guide written by Chris Brady and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-14 with categories.
This is an illustrated technical guide to the Boeing 737 aircraft. Containing extensive explanatory notes, facts, tips and points of interest on all aspects of this hugely successful airliner and showing its technical evolution from its early design in the 1960s through to the latest advances in the MAX. The book provides detailed descriptions of systems, internal and external components, their locations and functions, together with pilots notes and technical specifications. It is illustrated with over 500 photographs, diagrams and schematics.Chris Brady has written this book after many years developing the highly successful and informative Boeing 737 Technical Site, known throughout the world by pilots, trainers and engineers as the most authoritative open source of information freely available about the 737.
Flight Failure
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Author : Donald J. Porter
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2020-05-19
Flight Failure written by Donald J. Porter and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-05-19 with Transportation categories.
A former aircraft engineer exposes the dangerous breakdown in airline safety due to lapses in maintenance and quality control. This book chronicles maintenance-related accidents –including the recent Boeing 737 MAX accidents –caused by individual, corporate, or governmental negligence and brings the industry's current state of affairs into sharp focus.The author, a former aviation engineer specializing in aircraft fault diagnosis and maintenance planning, examines how failures of the smallest of parts have brought down airliners, explaining sometimes esoteric mechanical issues for readers with no technical background. Vividly describing the terror of accidents and close calls, the author then follows the painstaking investigations to determine causes. He focuses on maintenance errors, which rank as one of the top three causes of airline accidents, and points to the factors that have led to an alarming situation-- continued reduction of licensed mechanics, the shutting down of maintenance bases in the United States, and the outsourcing of maintenance to lowballing contractors. Outsourcing has forced thousands of licensed mechanics into retirement or different careers. For those mechanics still employed in the United States, the ever-present threat to their jobs does nothing to cultivate loyalty to an employer and devotion to a task. The Federal Aviation Administration, which should be overseeing quality control, is caught in a conflicted dual role--charged with regulating safety on the one hand and assuring the fiscal stability of airlines on the other. This disturbing wakeup call for improved airline safety standards highlights the critical importance of attention to detail. Porter recommends that the numbers and job security of airline mechanics be increased and that they be vested with an authority level akin to medical professionals.