Brain Weaver

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Nervous System

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Author : Thomas C. Jones
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11

Nervous System written by Thomas C. Jones and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Medical categories.

The International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) was estab lished in 1978 to stimulate and support scientific research and educational programs related to nutrition, toxicology, and food safety, and to encourage cooperation in these programs among scientists in universities, industry, and government agencies to assist in the resolution of health and safety issues. To supplement and enhance these efforts, ILSI has made a major commitment to supporting programs to harmon ize toxicological testing, to advance a more uniform inter pretation of bioassay results worldwide, to promote a common understanding of lesion classifications, and to encourage wide discussion of these topics among scien tists. The Monographs on the Pathology of Laboratory Ani mals are designed to facilitate communication among those involved in the safety testing of foods, drugs, and chemicals. The complete set will cover all organ systems and is intended for use by pathologists, toxicologists, and others concerned with evaluating toxicity and carcinogen icity studies. The international nature of the project - as reflected in the composition of the editorial board and the diversity of the authors and editors - strengthens our ex pectations that understanding and cooperation will be im proved worldwide through the series. Alex Malaspina President International Life Sciences Institute Preface This book, on the nervous system, is the sixth volume of a set pre pared under the sponsorship of the International Life Sciences Insti tute (ILSI).

Neuronal Input Pathways To The Brain S Biological Clock And Their Functional Significance

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Author : Jens Hannibal
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-06-07

Neuronal Input Pathways To The Brain S Biological Clock And Their Functional Significance written by Jens Hannibal and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-06-07 with Medical categories.

Rhythmic changes in physiology and behaviour within a 24 h period occur in living organisms on earth to meet the challenges associated with the daily changes in the external environment. The circadian pacemaker responsible for the temporal internal organisation and the generation of endogenous rhythms of approximately 24 h is located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in mammals. The endogenous period generated by the pacemaker is close to, but generally not equal to 24 h and the biological clock therefore needs to be daily adjusted (entrained) by external cues. The daily alteration of light and darkness due to the rotation of our planet on its own axis in relation to the sun is the most prominent "zeitgeber" which adjusts the phase of the circadian rhythms to the astronomical day length, a process known as photoentrainment. In mammals, light is perceived only through photoreceptors located in the retina. Light information is mediated to the SCN via the retinohypothalamic tract (RHT) by activation of the classical photoreceptor system of rods and cones and a more recently identified system of intrinsic photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) using melanopsin as a photopigment.

Vanguard

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009

Vanguard written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Veterans categories.

Electroconvulsive Therapy

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Author : Richard Abrams
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2002-06-27

Electroconvulsive Therapy written by Richard Abrams and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-06-27 with Medical categories.

Enthusiastically defending the controversial use of electroconvulsive "therapy" (ECT), Abrams (psychiatry, Chicago Medical School), the director of a firm that manufactures ECT devices, reviews the practice and its literature. He briefly discusses the history of ECT and then outlines current practice and addresses the use of unilateral versus bitemporal ECT. He argues against the studies that find ECT to be a dangerous and unhelpful procedure. A final chapter considers ethical and legal issues, finding that doctors who refuse to subject patients to electroshock are behaving unethically and that malpractice suits are a relatively minor problem. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.

Neural Transplantation In Cerebellar Ataxia

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Author : Lazaros Triarhou
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11

Neural Transplantation In Cerebellar Ataxia written by Lazaros Triarhou and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Science categories.

erebellar ataxia is a failure in muscular coordination that re C sults from a slow, progressive deterioration of neurons in the cerebellum. An estimated 150,000 people are affected by the he reditary ataxias and related disorders in the United States. At present, there is no known cure. In an experimental treatment aimed at reconstructing the damaged pathway through exog enous neuronal supplementation, genetically ataxic mice have been used for intracerebral grafting of genetically healthy cerebellar neuroblasts, and evidence has been obtained for graft-induced en hancement of behavioral responses after bilateral cerebellar grafts. Such results are encouraging and underscore the potential of the neural grafting technique in restoring cerebellar function. How ever, many of the pathological and biochemical mechanisms in the interaction between grafted tissue and the host brain need to be further elucidated in extensive experimental studies, and great cau tion must be used in contemplating the theoretical feasibility of a possible application in humans.

Both Hands Before The Fire

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Author : Spencer Wade
language : en
Publisher: Trafford Publishing
Release Date : 2013-06

Both Hands Before The Fire written by Spencer Wade and has been published by Trafford Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06 with Biography & Autobiography categories.

Spencer Wade was born in March of 1888, into a mining family in the village of West Auckland situated in the Durham coalfields. Following the death of his father, a deputy over-man at the Townsend pit, his family fell upon hard times. Spencer, his two brothers, five sisters, and their mother struggled to survive. Eventually, at the age of fourteen, Spencer joined his brother Wilson down the pit of the local mines. He, like his siblings, did his part. After several years as a young miner, Spencer's fate took a turn. As the result of an interview with the Anglican bishop of Durham, he was identified by as "promising." The young man was sent to Macclesfield Grammar School and then to Manchester University, where he distinguished himself with a classical honours Degree. Soon after, he was ordained and went on to serve as a clerk in holy orders in over a dozen country parishes. His career was punctuated with a number of interesting diversions and highlights: as a young man, he worked with William Temple on the Life and Liberty Movement; he preached twice to King George V; and he served as a chaplain in the RAF and for the High Sheriff of Northumberland. Spencer Wade went home to the Lord in 1976, after a long and distinguished life of service to others. This, his autobiography, offers erudite reflections of faith and a delightful and candid glimpse into the life of an ordinary country parson, whose life was anything but ordinary.

Genetically Defined Animal Models Of Neurobehavioral Dysfunctions

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Author : DRISCOLL
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11

Genetically Defined Animal Models Of Neurobehavioral Dysfunctions written by DRISCOLL and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Social Science categories.

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation

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Author : Chad A. Noggle
language : en
Publisher: Springer Publishing Company
Release Date : 2013-04-26

Neuropsychological Rehabilitation written by Chad A. Noggle and has been published by Springer Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-26 with Medical categories.

"Neuropsychological Rehabilitation provides useful introductory material and backgroundinformation on various disorders, assessments, and rehabilitative interventions for adult andgeriatric populations...This book is essential for psychologists or clinical neuropsychologists who have a stronginterest in understanding the current medical aspects of neuropsychological rehabilitation."--PsycCRITIQUES This volume disseminates knowledge about the most advanced practices and techniques in the rehabilitation of neuropsychological deficits, covering both specific neuropsychological domains and approaches in neurorehabilitation. It adheres to the philosophy that it is not enough to identify a deficit or diagnose a disease unless doing so helps to direct rehabilitation efforts to improve function. Intended to advance clinical skills, the book goes beyond surface diagnostic practice to foster rehabilitative efforts in response to residual deficits and disease. The volume begins by addressing the foundations of neuropsychology in rehabilitation and discussing, in depth, domain-specific rehabilitation practices, with a focus on functioning. This is followed by a discussion of supplemental applications and practices that go beyond function-specific methodology including neuroimaging and pharmacological agents. Also covered is the role of system/environmental manipulation and transitioning strategies. The final section attends to those presentations/groupings most commonly seen in rehabilitation practice for which there is no prototypical form. Key Features: Presents in depth the most advanced clinical applications for neuropsychological rehabilitation Covers neuropsychological rehabilitation in terms of specific cognitive domains (attention, language, memory) and approaches to and practices in neurorehabilitation (neuroimaging, vocational rehabilitation, pharmacological rehabilitation) Written by the foremost scholars in the field

Photoperiodism

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Author : Randy J. Nelson
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2010-01-27

Photoperiodism written by Randy J. Nelson and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-27 with Science categories.

Life evolves in a cyclic environment, and to be successful, organisms must adapt not only to their spatial habitat, but also to their temporal habitat. How do plants and animals determine the time of year so they can anticipate seasonal changes in their habitats? In most cases, day length, or photoperiod, acts as the principal external cue for determining seasonal activity. For organisms not living at the bottom of the ocean or deep in a cave, day follows night, and the length of the day changes predictably throughout the year. These changes in photoperiod provide the most accurate signal for predicting upcoming seasonal conditions. Measuring day length allows plants and animals to anticipate and adapt to seasonal changes in their environments in order to optimally time key developmental events including seasonal growth and flowering of plants, annual bouts of reproduction, dormancy and migration in insects, and the collapse and regrowth of the reproductive system that drives breeding seasons in mammals and birds. Although research on photoperiodic time measurement originally integrated work on plants and animals, recent work has focused more narrowly and separately on plants, invertebrates, or vertebrates. As the fields have become more specialized there has been less interaction across the broader field of photoperiodism. As a result, researchers in each area often needlessly repeat both theoretical and experimental work. For example, understanding that there are genetically distinct morphs among species that, depending on latitude, respond to different critical photoperiods was discovered separately in plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates over the course of 20 years. However, over the past decade, intense work on daily and seasonal rhythms in fruit flies, mustard plants, and hamsters and mice, has led to remarkable progress in understanding the phenomenology, as well as the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying circadian rhythms and clocks. This book was developed to further this type of cooperation among scientists from all related disciplines. It brings together leading researchers working on photoperiodic timing of seasonal adaptations in plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates. Each of its three sections begins with an introduction by the section editor, and at the end of the book, the section editors present a synthesis of common themes in photoperiodism, as well as discuss similarities and differences in approaches to the study of photoperiodism, and future directions for research on photoperiodic time measurement.

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

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Author : David C. Klein
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus written by David C. Klein and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Medical categories.

Based on a conference funded by the National Institutes of Health, this timely book is the most up-to-date and definitive reference on the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the part of the brain that controls circadian rhythms in mammals. These biological rhythms range from daily fluctuations in metabolism to seasonal and annual cycles. This book comprehensive and incisive review of the SCN covers anatomy and physiology, intrinsic SCN rhythms, circadian rhythms, neuropharmacology, transplants, and development.