Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Cgrp Mechanisms
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Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Cgrp Mechanisms
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Author : Susan D. Brain
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-08-31
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Cgrp Mechanisms written by Susan D. Brain and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-31 with Medical categories.
This book is designed to focus on the role of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) in health and disease. This peptide, originally discovered in the 1980s as a sensory neuropeptide with cardiovascular effects, is now known to play a distinct role in the pain processing of migraine. The various chapters address the origin, localization and function of CGRP and its receptor in the peripheral nervous system, in the cardiovascular system, and in other tissues and organs. Further attention is paid to the drug discovery pathway where recent findings show the beneficial effect of small molecule antagonists of the CGRP receptors for the relief of the migraine attack and of monoclonal antibodies against CGRP or the CGRP receptor for migraine prevention.
The Neuropeptide Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Cgrp Regulates B Cell Lymphopoiesis By Direct And Indirect Mechanisms
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Author : Stefan Fernandez
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
The Neuropeptide Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Cgrp Regulates B Cell Lymphopoiesis By Direct And Indirect Mechanisms written by Stefan Fernandez and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.
The Cgrp Family
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Author : David Poyner
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 1999-10-01
The Cgrp Family written by David Poyner and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-10-01 with Science categories.
This book is based on presentations given at CGRP '98, the Third International Meeting on CGRP and related peptides held in the UK in May 1998. The principal speakers have each contributed a chapter and many of the short and poster communications will also be found here. This book follows from the tradition set by the First and Second Meetings in 1
The Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Family
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Author : Deborah L. Hay
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-10-03
The Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Family written by Deborah L. Hay and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-10-03 with Medical categories.
In 1925, J. B. Collip (1925) reported that extracts of parathyroid gland contained an activity that raised calcium levels in the blood of parathyroidectomized animals, and suggested that this was due to a hormone produced in the parathyroid gland. The story of parathyroid hormone discovery was indicative of ever-increasing sophistication in sample preparation and protein isolation techniques. This paper resolved earlier controversies over the function of the parathyroid glands and c- trol of blood calcium. The year 1961 was a banner year for parathyroid research, in which the peptides parathyroid hormone and calcitonin were purified, and in which it was suggested that calcitonin could lower blood calcium (Copp and Cameron 1961). In 1982 it was discovered that in neurons the primary RNA transcript for calcitonin could be alternatively-spliced to give calcitonin gene-reated peptide (CGRP), and shortly thereafter amylin (previously named islet amyloid polyp- tide, IAPP) was identified and shown to have homology to CGRP. Since then a and b CGRP have been delineated and adrenomedullin and intermedin discovered, and this family of homologous peptides has emerged. This family of peptide hormones has a diverse and constantly expanding range of important physiologic functions, including regulation of blood calcium, vascular tension, feeding behavior and pain recognition.
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Cgrp Novel Biology And Treatments
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Author : Susan D. Brain
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-08-17
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Cgrp Novel Biology And Treatments written by Susan D. Brain and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-17 with Science categories.
An Insight Into The Activation Mechanism Of The Calcatonin Gene Related Peptide Receptor
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Author : James Barwell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
An Insight Into The Activation Mechanism Of The Calcatonin Gene Related Peptide Receptor written by James Barwell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
The calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor is unique among G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) as it consists of at least three proteins: calcitonin receptor like receptor (CLR), receptor activity modifying protein (RAMP)1 and receptor component protein (RCP). An endogenous agonist for this curious receptor is [alpha]CGRP, which is a sensory nerve-derived peptide made up of 37 amino acids. [alpha]CGRP acts as a potent vasodilator having pronounced effects on arterioles and capillaries. Understanding the pharmacodynamics of the CGRP receptor may have pharmaceutical benefit as the receptor has been associated with the onset of migraines and implicated in Raynauds syndrome. The primary aim of this thesis was to identify functionally important residues in the extracellular face of the CGRP receptor. Three areas of interest were selected including the extreme N-terminus of the CLR, extracellular loop 1 (ECL1) of the CLR and its associated transmembrane (TM) regions, and finally extracellular loop 3 (ECL3) of the CLR and its juxtamembrane regions. A site-directed mutagenesis (SDM) strategy was used to investigate these regions, primarily substituting the innate residues of CLR with alanine and assessing the mutation on multiple criteria including a functional cAMP assay, cell-surface expression, total expression, agonist-mediated internalisation and [alpha]CGRP binding. The results are interpreted and discussed taking into consideration contemporary concepts surrounding Secretin-like GPCRs. Moreover, the thesis also contains details of RAMP purification. Overall the thesis provides novel data that furthers insight into the complex phenomenon of CGRP receptor activation. Site-directed mutants have been identified that affect [alpha]CGRP binding, receptor signal transduction, the CLR/RAMP1 interface and the integrity of the protein complex structure.
Molecular Structure And Signaling Mechanisms Of Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Receptor
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Author : Sugato Banerjee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Molecular Structure And Signaling Mechanisms Of Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Receptor written by Sugato Banerjee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Calcitonin gene-related peptide categories.
Functional Desensitization Of Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Cgrp Receptors In Sk N Mc Cells
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Author : Sokhom Steven Pin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Functional Desensitization Of Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide Cgrp Receptors In Sk N Mc Cells written by Sokhom Steven Pin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Electronic dissertations categories.
The receptor for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been cloned and well studied, but the mechanism of CGRP receptor desensitization has not been fully elucidated. This study is aimed at elucidating the desensitization of CGRP receptors by measuring agonist-mediated activation of adenylate cyclase in a model system employing human neuroblastoma-derived SK-N-MC cells. In these cells, pre-incubation with αCGRP or Î2CGRP induced a rapid desensitization of CGRP signaling. Î2CGRP was 4-600 times more potent at desensitizing the CAMP production as compared to the other receptor-activating ligands. The desensitized receptors exhibited slow re-sensitization upon removal of the pre-incubated ligand, with significant recovery of function achieved within 4 h after the washout procedure. Additional agonists within the calcitonin/CGRP family of peptides and the linear CGRP analogs were also compared to CGRP with regard to their ability to activate and desensitize CGRP receptors. Adrenomedullin and adrenomedullin2 produced desensitization but at a slower rate and with a weaker desensitization potency than CGRP-induced desensitization. Calcitonin and amylin did not produce desensitization. The two linear CGRP analogs Cys(Acm) 2,7αCGRP and cys(Et)2,7αCGRP have high binding affinity to CGRP receptors, but only cys(Et)2,7αCGRP could activate and desensitize the receptors. Cys(Et)2,7αCGRP produced desensitization at a slower rate and with much lower desensitization potency (DC50) than either αCGRP or Î2CGRP. Next it was tested whether the desensitizing effects of the distinct peptides involve protein kinase C (PKC) or protein kinase A (PKA). A PKC inhibitor, Ro 31-8220, concentration-dependently reduced the desensitization induced by αCGRP, Î2CGRP, cys(Et)2,7αCGRP, adrenomedullin, and adrenomedullin2, while having little effect on their desensitization potencies. PKA inhibitors, KT-5720 and H-89, on the other hand, showed little effect on the induced level of desensitization. Desensitization induced by all of the agonists tested were blocked by CGRP receptor antagonist CGRP8-37, indicating they were mediated through CGRP receptors. The findings indicate that functional desensitization is produced by distinct peptides acting through the active site of CGRP receptors, and involves the activation of PKC as a common component necessary to achieve maximal desensitization of receptor signaling.
The Role Of Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide In Peripheral And Central Pain Mechanisms Including Migraine
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
The Role Of Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide In Peripheral And Central Pain Mechanisms Including Migraine written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
A Study Of The Mechanism Of Neurogenic Inflammation In The Eye
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Author : Olli Oksala
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
A Study Of The Mechanism Of Neurogenic Inflammation In The Eye written by Olli Oksala and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with categories.