Can Integrated Titles Improve The Viewing Experience Investigating The Impact Of Subtitling On The Reception And Enjoyment Of Film Using Eye Tracking And Questionnaire Data Investigating The Impact Of Subtitling On The Reception And Enjoyment Of Film Using Eye Tracking And Questionnaire Data
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Can Integrated Titles Improve The Viewing Experience
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Author : Wendy Fox
language : en
Publisher: Language Science Press
Release Date :
Can Integrated Titles Improve The Viewing Experience written by Wendy Fox and has been published by Language Science Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Historically a dubbing country, Germany is not well-known for subtitled productions. But while dubbing is predominant in Germany, more and more German viewers prefer original and subtitled versions of their favourite shows and films. Conventional subtitling, however, can be seen as a strong intrusion into the original image that can not only disrupt but also destroy the director’s intended shot composition and focus points. Long eye movements between focus points and subtitles decrease the viewer’s information intake, and especially German audiences, who are often not used to subtitles, seem to prefer to wait for the next subtitle instead of looking back up again. Furthermore, not only the placement, but also the overall design of conventional subtitles can disturb the image composition – for instance titles with a weak contrast, inappropriate typeface or irritating colour system. So should it not, despite the translation process, be possible to preserve both image and sound as far as possible? Especially given today’s numerous artistic and technical possibilities and the huge amount of work that goes into the visual aspects of a film, taking into account not only special effects, but also typefaces, opening credits and text-image compositions. A further development of existing subtitling guidelines would not only express respect towards the original film version but also the translator’s work. The presented study shows how integrated titles can increase information intake while maintaining the intended image composition and focus points as well as the aesthetics of the shot compositions. During a three-stage experiment, the specifically for this purpose created integrated titles in the documentary “Joining the Dots” by director Pablo Romero-Fresco were analysed with the help of eye movement data from more than 45 participants. Titles were placed based on the gaze behaviour of English native speakers and then rated by German viewers dependant on a German translation. The results show that a reduction of the distance between intended focus points and titles allow the viewers more time to explore the image and connect the titles to the plot. The integrated titles were rated as more aesthetically pleasing and reading durations were shorter than with conventional subtitles. Based on the analysis of graphic design and filmmaking rules as well as conventional subtitling standards, a first workflow and set of placement strategies for integrated titles were created in order to allow a more respectful handling of film material as well as the preservation of the original image composition and typographic film identity.
Can Integrated Titles Improve The Viewing Experience Investigating The Impact Of Subtitling On The Reception And Enjoyment Of Film Using Eye Tracking And Questionnaire Data Investigating The Impact Of Subtitling On The Reception And Enjoyment Of Film Using Eye Tracking And Questionnaire Data
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Author : Wendy Fox
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018-03-03
Can Integrated Titles Improve The Viewing Experience Investigating The Impact Of Subtitling On The Reception And Enjoyment Of Film Using Eye Tracking And Questionnaire Data Investigating The Impact Of Subtitling On The Reception And Enjoyment Of Film Using Eye Tracking And Questionnaire Data written by Wendy Fox and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-03 with categories.
Historically a dubbing country, Germany is not well-known for subtitled productions. But while dubbing is predominant in Germany, more and more German viewers prefer original and subtitled versions of their favourite shows and films. Conventional subtitling, however, can be seen as a strong intrusion into the original image that can not only disrupt but also destroy the director's intended shot composition and focus points. Long eye movements between focus points and subtitles decrease the viewer's information intake, and especially German audiences, who are often not used to subtitles, seem to prefer to wait for the next subtitle instead of looking back up again. Furthermore, not only the placement, but also the overall design of conventional subtitles can disturb the image composition - for instance titles with a weak contrast, inappropriate typeface or irritating colour system. So should it not, despite the translation process, be possible to preserve both image and sound as far as possible? Especially given today's numerous artistic and technical possibilities and the huge amount of work that goes into the visual aspects of a film, taking into account not only special effects, but also typefaces, opening credits and text-image compositions. A further development of existing subtitling guidelines would not only express respect towards the original film version but also the translator's work. The presented study shows how integrated titles can increase information intake while maintaining the intended image composition and focus points as well as the aesthetics of the shot compositions. During a three-stage experiment, the specifically for this purpose created integrated titles in the documentary "Joining the Dots" by director Pablo Romero-Fresco were analysed with the help of eye movement data from more than 45 participants. Titles were placed based on the gaze behaviour of English native speakers and then rated by German viewers dependant on a German translati
Seeing Into Screens
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Author : Tessa Dwyer
language : en
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Release Date : 2018-01-25
Seeing Into Screens written by Tessa Dwyer and has been published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-25 with Performing Arts categories.
Seeing into Screens: Eye Tracking and the Moving Image is the first dedicated anthology that explores vision and perception as it materializes as viewers watch screen content. While nearly all moving image research either 'imagines' how its audience responds to the screen, or focuses upon external responses, this collection utilizes the data produced from eye tracking technology to assess seeing and knowing, gazing and perceiving. The editors divide their collection into the following four sections: eye tracking performance, which addresses the ways viewers respond to screen genre, actor and star, auteur, and cinematography; eye tracking aesthetics which explores the way viewers gaze upon colour, light, movement, and space; eye tracking inscription, which examines the way the viewer responds to subtitles, translation, and written information found in the screen world; and eye tracking augmentation which examines the role of simulation, mediation, and technological intervention in the way viewers engage with screen content. At a time when the nature of viewing the screen is extending and diversifying across different platforms and exhibitions, Seeing into Screens is a timely exploration of how viewers watch the screen.
The Routledge Handbook Of Translation And Technology
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Author : Minako O'Hagan
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-08-23
The Routledge Handbook Of Translation And Technology written by Minako O'Hagan and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-23 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Technology provides a comprehensive and accessible overview of the dynamically evolving relationship between translation and technology. Divided into five parts, with an editor's introduction, this volume presents the perspectives of users of translation technologies, and of researchers concerned with issues arising from the increasing interdependency between translation and technology. The chapters in this Handbook tackle the advent of technologization at both a technical and a philosophical level, based on industry practice and academic research. Containing over 30 authoritative, cutting-edge chapters, this is an essential reference and resource for those studying and researching translation and technology. The volume will also be valuable for translators, computational linguists and developers of translation tools.
The Routledge Handbook Of Translation And Media
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Author : Esperança Bielsa
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-12-24
The Routledge Handbook Of Translation And Media written by Esperança Bielsa and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-24 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Media provides the first comprehensive account of the role of translation in the media, which has become a thriving area of research in recent decades. It offers theoretical and methodological perspectives on translation and media in the digital age, as well as analyses of a wide diversity of media contexts and translation forms. Divided into four parts with an editor introduction, the 33 chapters are written by leading international experts and provide a critical survey of each area with suggestions for further reading. The Handbook aims to showcase innovative approaches and developments, bridging the gap between currently separate disciplinary subfields and pointing to potential synergies and broad research topics and issues. With a broad-ranging, critical and interdisciplinary perspective, this Handbook is an indispensable resource for all students and researchers of translation studies, audiovisual translation, journalism studies, film studies and media studies.
Routledge Encyclopedia Of Translation Technology
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Author : Chan Sin-wai
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-04-26
Routledge Encyclopedia Of Translation Technology written by Chan Sin-wai and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-26 with Foreign Language Study categories.
Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Technology, second edition, provides a state-of-the-art survey of the field of computer-assisted translation. It is the first definitive reference to provide a comprehensive overview of the general, regional, and topical aspects of this increasingly significant area of study. The Encyclopedia is divided into three parts: Part 1 presents general issues in translation technology, such as its history and development, translator training, and various aspects of machine translation, including a valuable case study of its teaching at a major university; Part 2 discusses national and regional developments in translation technology, offering contributions covering the crucial territories of China, Canada, France, Hong Kong, Japan, South Africa, Taiwan, the Netherlands and Belgium, the United Kingdom, and the United States; Part 3 evaluates specific matters in translation technology, with entries focused on subjects such as alignment, concordancing, localization, online translation, and translation memory. The new edition has five additional chapters, with many chapters updated and revised, drawing on the expertise of over 50 contributors from around the world and an international panel of consultant editors to provide a selection of chapters on the most pertinent topics in the discipline. All the chapters are self-contained, extensively cross-referenced, and include useful and up-to-date references and information for further reading. It will be an invaluable reference work for anyone with a professional or academic interest in the subject.
Translation Interpreting Cognition
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Author : Tra&Co Group
language : en
Publisher: Language Science Press
Release Date : 2021
Translation Interpreting Cognition written by Tra&Co Group and has been published by Language Science Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Cognitive aspects of the translation process have become central in Translation and Interpreting Studies in recent years, further establishing the field of Cognitive Translatology. Empirical and interdisciplinary studies investigating translation and interpreting processes promise a hitherto unprecedented predictive and explanatory power. This collection contains such studies which observe behaviour during translation and interpreting. The contributions cover a vast area and investigate behaviour during translation and interpreting – with a focus on training of future professionals, on language processing more generally, on the role of technology in the practice of translation and interpreting, on translation of multimodal media texts, on aspects of ergonomics and usability, on emotions, self-concept and psychological factors, and finally also on revision and post-editing. For the present publication, we selected a number of contributions presented at the Second International Congress on Translation, Interpreting and Cognition hosted by the Tra&Co Lab at the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz.
Mediated Discourse At The European Parliament Empirical Investigations
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Author : Marta Kajzer-Wietrzny
language : en
Publisher: Language Science Press
Release Date : 2022-10-20
Mediated Discourse At The European Parliament Empirical Investigations written by Marta Kajzer-Wietrzny and has been published by Language Science Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-20 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The purpose of this book is to showcase a diverse set of directions in empirical research on mediated discourse, reflecting on the state-of-the-art and the increasing intersection between Corpus-based Interpreting Studies (CBIS) and Corpus-based Translation Studies (CBTS). Undeniably, data from the European Parliament (EP) offer a great opportunity for such research. Not only does the institution provide a sizeable sample of oral debates held at the EP together with their simultaneous interpretations into all languages of the European Union. It also makes available written verbatim reports of the original speeches, which used to be translated. From a methodological perspective, EP materials thus guarantee a great degree of homogeneity, which is particularly valuable in corpus studies, where data comparability is frequently a challenge. In this volume, progress is visible in both CBIS and CBTS. In interpreting, it manifests itself notably in the availability of comprehensive transcription, annotation and alignment systems. In translation, datasets are becoming substantially richer in metadata, which allow for increasingly refined multi-factorial analysis. At the crossroads between the two fields, intermodal investigations bring to the fore what these mediation modes have in common and how they differ. The volume is thus aimed in particular at Interpreting and Translation scholars looking for new descriptive insights and methodological approaches in the investigation of mediated discourse, but it may be also of interest for (corpus) linguists analysing parliamentary discourse in general.
The Unicode Cookbook For Linguists
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Author : Steven Moran
language : en
Publisher: Language Science Press
Release Date : 2018-06-29
The Unicode Cookbook For Linguists written by Steven Moran and has been published by Language Science Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-29 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This text is a practical guide for linguists, and programmers, who work with data in multilingual computational environments. We introduce the basic concepts needed to understand how writing systems and character encodings function, and how they work together at the intersection between the Unicode Standard and the International Phonetic Alphabet. Although these standards are often met with frustration by users, they nevertheless provide language researchers and programmers with a consistent computational architecture needed to process, publish and analyze lexical data from the world's languages. Thus we bring to light common, but not always transparent, pitfalls which researchers face when working with Unicode and IPA. Having identified and overcome these pitfalls involved in making writing systems and character encodings syntactically and semantically interoperable (to the extent that they can be), we created a suite of open-source Python and R tools to work with languages using orthography profiles that describe author- or document-specific orthographic conventions. In this cookbook we describe a formal specification of orthography profiles and provide recipes using open source tools to show how users can segment text, analyze it, identify errors, and to transform it into different written forms for comparative linguistics research. This book is a prime example of open publishing as envisioned by Language Science Press. It is open access, has accompanying open source software, has open peer review, versioning and so on. Read more in this blog post.
Semantic Differences In Translation
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Author : Lore Vandevoorde
language : en
Publisher: Language Science Press
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Semantic Differences In Translation written by Lore Vandevoorde and has been published by Language Science Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Although the notion of meaning has always been at the core of translation, the invariance of meaning has, partly due to practical constraints, rarely been challenged in Corpus-based Translation Studies. In answer to this, the aim of this book is to question the invariance of meaning in translated texts: if translation scholars agree on the fact that translated language is different from non-translated language with respect to a number of grammatical and lexical aspects, would it be possible to identify differences between translated and non-translated language on the semantic level too? More specifically, this books tries to formulate an answer to the following three questions: (i) how can semantic differences in translated vs non-translated language be investigated in a corpus-based study?, (ii) are there any differences on the semantic level between translated and non-translated language? and (iii) if there are differences on the semantic level, can we ascribe them to any of the (universal) tendencies of translation? In this book, I establish a way to visually explore semantic similarity on the basis of representations of translated and non-translated semantic fields. A technique for the comparison of semantic fields of translated and non-translated language called SMM++ (based on Helge Dyvik’s Semantic Mirrors method) is developed, yielding statistics-based visualizations of semantic fields. The SMM++ is presented via the case of inchoativity in Dutch (beginnen [to begin]). By comparing the visualizations of the semantic fields on different levels (translated Dutch with French as a source language, with English as a source language and non-translated Dutch) I further explore whether the differences between translated and non-translated fields of inchoativity in Dutch can be linked to any of the well-known universals of translation. The main results of this study are explained on the basis of two cognitively inspired frameworks: Halverson’s Gravitational Pull Hypothesis and Paradis’ neurolinguistic theory of bilingualism.