Causal Inference In Economic Models
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Causal Inference In Economic Models
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Author : Stephen F. LeRoy
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2020-10-12
Causal Inference In Economic Models written by Stephen F. LeRoy and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-12 with Business & Economics categories.
There exist applications in many research areas including (but not limited to) economics dealing with causation that are analyzed using multi-equation mathematical models. This book develops and describes a formal treatment of causation in such mathematical models. It serves to replace existing treatments of causation, which almost without exception are vague and otherwise unsatisfactory. Development of theory is accompanied here by extensive analysis of examples drawn from the economics literature: treatment evaluation, potential outcomes, applied econometrics. The theory outlined here will be extremely useful in economics and such related fields as biology and biomedicine.
Causal Inference
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Author : Scott Cunningham
language : en
Publisher: Yale University Press
Release Date : 2021-01-26
Causal Inference written by Scott Cunningham and has been published by Yale University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-26 with Business & Economics categories.
An accessible, contemporary introduction to the methods for determining cause and effect in the Social Sciences “Causation versus correlation has been the basis of arguments—economic and otherwise—since the beginning of time. Causal Inference: The Mixtape uses legit real-world examples that I found genuinely thought-provoking. It’s rare that a book prompts readers to expand their outlook; this one did for me.”—Marvin Young (Young MC) Causal inference encompasses the tools that allow social scientists to determine what causes what. In a messy world, causal inference is what helps establish the causes and effects of the actions being studied—for example, the impact (or lack thereof) of increases in the minimum wage on employment, the effects of early childhood education on incarceration later in life, or the influence on economic growth of introducing malaria nets in developing regions. Scott Cunningham introduces students and practitioners to the methods necessary to arrive at meaningful answers to the questions of causation, using a range of modeling techniques and coding instructions for both the R and the Stata programming languages.
Causality
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Author : Judea Pearl
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2009-09-14
Causality written by Judea Pearl and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-14 with Computers categories.
Causality offers the first comprehensive coverage of causal analysis in many sciences, including recent advances using graphical methods. Pearl presents a unified account of the probabilistic, manipulative, counterfactual and structural approaches to causation, and devises simple mathematical tools for analyzing the relationships between causal connections, statistical associations, actions and observations. The book will open the way for including causal analysis in the standard curriculum of statistics, artificial intelligence ...
The Effect
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Author : Nick Huntington-Klein
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2021-12-20
The Effect written by Nick Huntington-Klein and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-20 with Business & Economics categories.
The Effect: An Introduction to Research Design and Causality is about research design, specifically concerning research that uses observational data to make a causal inference. It is separated into two halves, each with different approaches to that subject. The first half goes through the concepts of causality, with very little in the way of estimation. It introduces the concept of identification thoroughly and clearly and discusses it as a process of trying to isolate variation that has a causal interpretation. Subjects include heavy emphasis on data-generating processes and causal diagrams. Concepts are demonstrated with a heavy emphasis on graphical intuition and the question of what we do to data. When we “add a control variable” what does that actually do? Key Features: • Extensive code examples in R, Stata, and Python • Chapters on overlooked topics in econometrics classes: heterogeneous treatment effects, simulation and power analysis, new cutting-edge methods, and uncomfortable ignored assumptions • An easy-to-read conversational tone • Up-to-date coverage of methods with fast-moving literatures like difference-in-differences
Statistical Models And Causal Inference
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Author : David A. Freedman
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2010
Statistical Models And Causal Inference written by David A. Freedman and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Mathematics categories.
David A. Freedman presents a definitive synthesis of his approach to statistical modeling and causal inference in the social sciences.
Causal Inference In Econometrics
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Author : Van-Nam Huynh
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-12-28
Causal Inference In Econometrics written by Van-Nam Huynh and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book is devoted to the analysis of causal inference which is one of the most difficult tasks in data analysis: when two phenomena are observed to be related, it is often difficult to decide whether one of them causally influences the other one, or whether these two phenomena have a common cause. This analysis is the main focus of this volume. To get a good understanding of the causal inference, it is important to have models of economic phenomena which are as accurate as possible. Because of this need, this volume also contains papers that use non-traditional economic models, such as fuzzy models and models obtained by using neural networks and data mining techniques. It also contains papers that apply different econometric models to analyze real-life economic dependencies.
Causal Inference In Statistics
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Author : Judea Pearl
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2016-01-25
Causal Inference In Statistics written by Judea Pearl and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-25 with Mathematics categories.
CAUSAL INFERENCE IN STATISTICS A Primer Causality is central to the understanding and use of data. Without an understanding of cause–effect relationships, we cannot use data to answer questions as basic as "Does this treatment harm or help patients?" But though hundreds of introductory texts are available on statistical methods of data analysis, until now, no beginner-level book has been written about the exploding arsenal of methods that can tease causal information from data. Causal Inference in Statistics fills that gap. Using simple examples and plain language, the book lays out how to define causal parameters; the assumptions necessary to estimate causal parameters in a variety of situations; how to express those assumptions mathematically; whether those assumptions have testable implications; how to predict the effects of interventions; and how to reason counterfactually. These are the foundational tools that any student of statistics needs to acquire in order to use statistical methods to answer causal questions of interest. This book is accessible to anyone with an interest in interpreting data, from undergraduates, professors, researchers, or to the interested layperson. Examples are drawn from a wide variety of fields, including medicine, public policy, and law; a brief introduction to probability and statistics is provided for the uninitiated; and each chapter comes with study questions to reinforce the readers understanding.
Regression Analysis
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Author : Richard A. Berk
language : en
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Release Date : 2003-07-17
Regression Analysis written by Richard A. Berk and has been published by SAGE Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-07-17 with Social Science categories.
Berk has incisively identified the various strains of regression abuse and suggests practical steps for researchers who desire to do good social science while avoiding such errors." --Peter H. Rossi, University of Massachusetts, Amherst "I have been waiting for a book like this for some time. Practitioners, especially those doing applied work, will have much to gain from Berk′s volume, regardless of their level of statistical sophistication. Graduate students in sociology, education, public policy, and any number of similar fields should also use it. It will also be a useful foil for conventional texts for the teaching of the regression model. I plan to use it for my students as a text, and hope others will do the same." --Herbert Smith, Professor of Demography & Sociology, University of Pennsylvania Regression is often applied to questions for which it is ill equipped to answer. As a formal matter, conventional regression analysis does nothing more than produce from a data set a collection of conditional means and conditional variances. The problem, though, is that researchers typically want more: they want tests, confidence intervals and the ability to make causal claims. However, these capabilities require information external to that data themselves, and too often that information makes implausible demands on how nature is supposed to function. Convenience samples are treated as if they are random samples. Causal status is given to predictors that cannot be manipulated. Disturbance terms are assumed to behave not as nature might produce them, but as required by the model. Regression Analysis: A Constructive Critique identifies a wide variety of problems with regression analysis as it is commonly used and then provides a number of ways in which practice could be improved. Regression is most useful for data reduction, leading to relatively simple but rich and precise descriptions of patterns in a data set. The emphasis on description provides readers with an insightful rethinking from the ground up of what regression analysis can do, so that readers can better match regression analysis with useful empirical questions and improved policy-related research. "An interesting and lively text, rich in practical wisdom, written for people who do empirical work in the social sciences and their graduate students." --David A. Freedman, Professor of Statistics, University of California, Berkeley
Elements Of Causal Inference
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Author : Jonas Peters
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2017-11-29
Elements Of Causal Inference written by Jonas Peters and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-29 with Computers categories.
A concise and self-contained introduction to causal inference, increasingly important in data science and machine learning. The mathematization of causality is a relatively recent development, and has become increasingly important in data science and machine learning. This book offers a self-contained and concise introduction to causal models and how to learn them from data. After explaining the need for causal models and discussing some of the principles underlying causal inference, the book teaches readers how to use causal models: how to compute intervention distributions, how to infer causal models from observational and interventional data, and how causal ideas could be exploited for classical machine learning problems. All of these topics are discussed first in terms of two variables and then in the more general multivariate case. The bivariate case turns out to be a particularly hard problem for causal learning because there are no conditional independences as used by classical methods for solving multivariate cases. The authors consider analyzing statistical asymmetries between cause and effect to be highly instructive, and they report on their decade of intensive research into this problem. The book is accessible to readers with a background in machine learning or statistics, and can be used in graduate courses or as a reference for researchers. The text includes code snippets that can be copied and pasted, exercises, and an appendix with a summary of the most important technical concepts.