Causation A Very Short Introduction
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Causation A Very Short Introduction
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Author : Stephen Mumford
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2013-11-28
Causation A Very Short Introduction written by Stephen Mumford and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-28 with Philosophy categories.
Causation is the most fundamental connection in the universe. Without it, there would be no science or technology. There would be no moral responsibility either, as none of our thoughts would be connected with our actions and none of our actions with any consequences. Nor would we have a system of law because blame resides only in someone having caused injury or damage. Any intervention we make in the world around us is premised on there being causal connections that are, to a degree, predictable. It is causation that is at the basis of prediction and also explanation. This Very Short Introduction introduces the key theories of causation and also the surrounding debates and controversies. Do causes produce their effects by guaranteeing them? Do causes have to precede their effects? Can causation be reduced to the forces of physics? And are we right to think of causation as one single thing at all? ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
Causation A Very Short Introduction
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Author : Stephen Mumford
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2013-11
Causation A Very Short Introduction written by Stephen Mumford and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11 with Philosophy categories.
Without cause and effect, there would be no science or technology, no moral responsibility, and no system of law. Causation is therefore the most fundamental connection in the universe and a core topic of philosophical thought. This Very Short Introduction introduces all of the main theories of causation and its key debates.
History
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Author : John H. Arnold
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2000-02-24
History written by John H. Arnold and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-02-24 with History categories.
There are many stories we can tell about the past, and we are not, perhaps, as free as we might imagine in our choice of which stories to tell, or where those stories end. John Arnold's Very Short Introduction is a stimulating essay about how we study and understand history. The book begins by inviting us to think about various questions provoked by our investigation of history, and explores the ways these questions have been answered in the past. Concepts such as causation, interpretation, and periodization, are introduced by means of concrete examples of how historians work, giving the reader a sense of the excitement of discovering not only the past, but also ourselves. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
Metaphysics A Very Short Introduction
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Author : Stephen Mumford
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2012-08-30
Metaphysics A Very Short Introduction written by Stephen Mumford and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-30 with Philosophy categories.
In this easy-to-understand introduction, Stephen Mumford explores one of the four main branches of philosophy: metaphysics. Using practical examples to explore the main issues, he presents the ideas in a clear and simple way, helping to clarify and unravel the basic questions of this complex and abstract concept.
Causation In Science And The Methods Of Scientific Discovery
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Author : Rani Lill Anjum
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Causation In Science And The Methods Of Scientific Discovery written by Rani Lill Anjum and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Philosophy categories.
Causal questions are relevant to all sciences and social sciences, yet how we discover causal connections is no easy matter. Indeed, the choice of methods concerns the correct norms for the empirical study of the world. In this text, two experts on causation relate philosophical theory to scientific practice and propose nine new norms of discovery.
Efficient Causation
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Author : Tad M. Schmaltz
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2014
Efficient Causation written by Tad M. Schmaltz and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Philosophy categories.
This volume is a collection of new essays by specialists that trace the concept of efficient causation from its discovery (or invention) in Ancient Greece, through its development in late antiquity, the medieval period, and modern philosophy, to its use in contemporary metaphysics and philosophy of science.
The Oxford Handbook Of Causation
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Author : Helen Beebee
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2012-01-12
The Oxford Handbook Of Causation written by Helen Beebee and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-01-12 with Philosophy categories.
Causation is a central topic in many areas of philosophy. In metaphysics, philosophers want to know what causation is, and how it is related to laws of nature, probability, action, and freedom of the will. In epistemology, philosophers investigate how causal claims can be inferred from statistical data, and how causation is related to perception, knowledge and explanation. In the philosophy of mind, philosophers want to know whether and how the mind can be said to have causal efficacy, and in ethics, whether there is a moral distinction between acts and omissions and whether the moral value of an act can be judged according to its consequences. And causation is a contested concept in other fields of enquiry, such as biology, physics, and the law. This book provides an in-depth and comprehensive overview of these and other topics, as well as the history of the causation debate from the ancient Greeks to the logical empiricists. The chapters provide surveys of contemporary debates, while often also advancing novel and controversial claims; and each includes a comprehensive bibliography and suggestions for further reading. The book is thus the most comprehensive source of information about causation currently available, and will be invaluable for upper-level undergraduates through to professional philosophers.
Medical Law A Very Short Introduction
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Author : Charles Foster
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2013-02-28
Medical Law A Very Short Introduction written by Charles Foster and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-28 with Law categories.
Medicine evolves fast, and medical law tries to keep up. It deals with some of the most fascinating, fundamental and difficult questions about the human body and mind. Charles Foster surveys the principles governing medical law.
The Book Of Why
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Author : Judea Pearl
language : en
Publisher: Penguin UK
Release Date : 2018-05-15
The Book Of Why written by Judea Pearl and has been published by Penguin UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-15 with Philosophy categories.
The hugely influential book on how the understanding of causality revolutionized science and the world, by the pioneer of artificial intelligence 'Wonderful ... illuminating and fun to read' Daniel Kahneman, Nobel Prize-winner and author of Thinking, Fast and Slow 'Correlation does not imply causation.' For decades, this mantra was invoked by scientists in order to avoid taking positions as to whether one thing caused another, such as smoking and cancer, or carbon dioxide and global warming. But today, that taboo is dead. The causal revolution, sparked by world-renowned computer scientist Judea Pearl and his colleagues, has cut through a century of confusion and placed cause and effect on a firm scientific basis. Now, Pearl and science journalist Dana Mackenzie explain causal thinking to general readers for the first time, showing how it allows us to explore the world that is and the worlds that could have been. It is the essence of human and artificial intelligence. And just as Pearl's discoveries have enabled machines to think better, The Book of Why explains how we too can think better. 'Pearl's accomplishments over the last 30 years have provided the theoretical basis for progress in artificial intelligence and have redefined the term "thinking machine"' Vint Cerf
Stata
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Author : Felix Bittmann
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2019-02-19
Stata written by Felix Bittmann and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-19 with Business & Economics categories.
Stata is one of the most popular statistical software in the world and suited for all kinds of users, from absolute beginners to experienced veterans. This book offers a clear and concise introduction to the usage and the workflow of Stata. Included topics are importing and managing datasets, cleaning and preparing data, creating and manipulating variables, producing descriptive statistics and meaningful graphs as well as central quantitative methods, like linear (OLS) and binary logistic regressions and matching. Additional information about diagnostical tests ensures that these methods yield valid and correct results that live up to academic standards. Furthermore, users are instructed how to export results that can be directly used in popular software like Microsoft Word for seminar papers and publications. Lastly, the book offers a short yet focussed introduction to scientific writing, which should guide readers through the process of writing a first quantitative seminar paper or research report. The book underlines correct usage of the software and a productive workflow which also introduces aspects like replicability and general standards for academic writing. While absolute beginners will enjoy the easy to follow point-and-click interface, more experienced users will benefit from the information about do-files and syntax which makes Stata so popular. Lastly, a wide range of user-contributed software („Ados") is introduced which further improves the general workflow and guarantees the availability of state of the art statistical methods.