Cell Cell Interactions Controlling Neuronal Functionality In Health And Disease
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Cell Cell Interactions Controlling Neuronal Functionality In Health And Disease
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Author : Stefano Angiari
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-07-27
Cell Cell Interactions Controlling Neuronal Functionality In Health And Disease written by Stefano Angiari and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-27 with Science categories.
Biomedical Index To Phs Supported Research
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Biomedical Index To Phs Supported Research written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with Medicine categories.
Cell Cell Interactions Controlling Cerebral Microvasculature Under Physiological And Pathophysiological Conditions
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Author : Xinchun Jin
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-06-29
Cell Cell Interactions Controlling Cerebral Microvasculature Under Physiological And Pathophysiological Conditions written by Xinchun Jin and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-06-29 with Science categories.
Research Awards Index
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Research Awards Index written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Medicine categories.
Research Grants Index
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Author : National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Division of Research Grants
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1975
Research Grants Index written by National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Division of Research Grants and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with Medicine categories.
Biomedical Index To Phs Supported Research Pt A Subject Access A H
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Biomedical Index To Phs Supported Research Pt A Subject Access A H written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Medicine categories.
Insights In Synaptic Neuroscience 2022
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Author : Karri P. Lamsa
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-06-20
Insights In Synaptic Neuroscience 2022 written by Karri P. Lamsa and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-06-20 with Science categories.
We are now entering the third decade of the 21st Century, and, especially in the last years, the achievements made by scientists have been exceptional, leading to major advancements in the fast-growing field of Neuroscience. Frontiers has organized a series of Research Topics to highlight the latest advancements in science in order to be at the forefront of science in different fields of research. This editorial initiative of particular relevance, led by Professors Jesper Sjöström, Karri P Lamsa, Alfredo Kirkwood, and supported by the Editorial Board of Frontiers in Synaptic Neuroscience is focused on new insights, novel developments, current challenges, latest discoveries, recent advances, and future perspectives in the field of synaptic neuroscience.
Protein Post Translational Modifications In The Nervous System From Development To Disease And Ageing
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Author : Beatriz Alvarez
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-10-30
Protein Post Translational Modifications In The Nervous System From Development To Disease And Ageing written by Beatriz Alvarez and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-10-30 with Science categories.
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) increase the functional diversity of the proteome by reversibly or irreversibly modifying proteins during or after their synthesis. Thereby, they contribute to the structural and functional variety of proteins, conveying a complexity to the proteome that is significantly higher than the coding capacity of the genome. Moreover, providing another level of epigenetic regulation, PTMs of histone proteins in particular contribute to the modulation of gene accessibility and specific cell expression profiles. PTMs include enzymatically controlled modifications such as phosphorylation, glycosylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, or proteolysis as well as non-enzymatic reactions such as nitrosation, oxidation, or glycation. They can occur at the same amino acid sites, interfering with each other in hierarchical orders and thereby adding another level of complexity. In this way, PTMs influence protein function, turnover, secretion, localization, and interactions with other cellular molecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and cofactors. Thus, they influence almost all aspects of cell biology and pathogenesis as well as represent a basis for maintaining cellular homeostasis. In this regard, PTMs regulate several processes during neurodevelopment involving genes important for brain formation, the cytoskeleton and cytoskeleton-associating proteins as well as regulation of cell migration and axonal guidance.
Cumulated Index Medicus
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Cumulated Index Medicus written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Medicine categories.
Origins Of Human Neuropathology The Significance Of Teneurin Latrophilin Interaction
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Author : David A. Lovejoy
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2020-07-22
Origins Of Human Neuropathology The Significance Of Teneurin Latrophilin Interaction written by David A. Lovejoy and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-22 with categories.
We are delighted to introduce this new special issue on “The Origins of Neuropathology: The Roles of Teneurins and Latrophilins”. Although the title may seem particularly bold, and indeed, perhaps presumptuous, we the editors, think our title well warranted based on the findings and interpretation provided by a dedicated group of researchers who have developed this field over the last 25 years. In this publication, we introduce the readers to researchers whom have pioneered this field, and those whom have played an essential role in developing this research direction. Now, together, their combined work have elucidated a novel ligandreceptor network that evolved during the earliest period of animal evolution, and has fostered a new insight into the ancient evolutionary organization of the central nervous system (CNS). Specifically, this work offers a new understanding of several aspects of neuropathology including degenerative, psychiatric and mood disorders and, furthermore, illuminates a fundamental role that teneurins and latrophilins play in cell-to-cell metabolism that may be associated with various forms of cancer both within and outside of the brain. In 1994, the laboratories of Professors Ron Wides in Israel and Ruth Chiquet-Ehrismann working in Switzerland, independently reported the existence of a novel transmembrane protein and its gene in Drosophila. A complex gene/protein, its closest homologue was that of the tenascins. The gene was named either odd oz (odz) or tenascin major (ten-m) by these researchers. Subsequent studies indicated that the gene was highly expressed in the brains of vertebrates and the term ‘teneurin’ was coined to reflect both its relationship with tenascins and with the CNS. Around the same time as these studies, a novel G protein-coupled receptor was identified by Yuri Ushkaryov and his team in the United Kingdom (in fact the latrophilins then named CIRL, calcium-independent receptor for a-latrotoxin, was first identified by the group of Petrenko at NYU Medical Center in New York, USA), which was subsequently established as a cognate receptor for the teneurins. This receptor was later termed as the latrophilins and more recently ‘Adhesion receptor G-protein coupled receptor, family L or ADGRL. In Part 1 of this publication, the early history on the origin and discovery of teneurins has been described by Stefan Baumgartner and Ron Wides; Ron Wides; and Richard Tucker. Recent structural studies by Verity Jackson and her colleagues, as well as Demet Arae¸ and Jingxian Li have provided molecular models to understand how teneurins are ensconced in the plasma membrane and play a role in synaptic interaction. In addition, their work integrates the molecular mechanisms with the early evolution of both teneurins and latrophilins. In Part 2, four studies build upon the evolutionary development of teneurins by examining its role in nematodes by Ulrike Topf and Krzysztof Drabikowski, a model of teneurin action in the Drosophilia nervous system by Alison DePew and associates; and two studies on fish. Angela Cheung and her colleagues describe the neurological function and expression in zebrafish, whereas Ross Reid and his coworkers have described novel actions of the teneurins with respect to metabolism in fish. Part 3 of this publication is focused on the latrophilins and is led off by Yuri Ushkaryov and his team describing the discovery, structure and function of the latrophilins. This work is followed by a review by Ana Moreno-Salinas and colleagues in Antony Boucard´s laboratory describing the structure of the latrophilins and its interaction with associated transmembrane proteins with respect to adhesion, neuronal function and pathology. The following paper, by Torsten Schönberg and Simone Prömel links the previous papers with a comparison of teneurin and latrophilin interactions in invertebrates and vertebrates. Finally, in this section, Peter Burbach and Dimphna Meijer provide an interesting overview of the relationship of teneurins and latrophilins with respect to other proteins described in these other papers. Together, these studies provide a novel understanding of how the teneurins and latrophilins interact in a complex set of associated proteins. The next section (Part 4) of the publication focuses on the development and maintenance of the CNS in mammals. Here, Catherine Leamey and Atomu Sawatari lead off with a discussion of the role of teneurin-associated neuro-circuit formation using knockout studies in mice. A detailed review by Luciane Sita and her colleagues in the Bittencourt laboratory frames this and previous studies in a comparative neuroanatomical background, and in addition, provides a neuroanatomical rationale for new studies associated with other regions of the CNS. Building upon these studies, David Hogg and his coworkers include a review on the behavioral actions of the teneurin C-terminal associated peptide (TCAP) in mammals and its potential relationship to brain metabolism and forms of neuropathology. Finally, in this section, a study by Gesttner Tessarin in the Casatti laboratory shows for the first time, teneurins may be associated with astrocyte function, indicating a novel function for teneurins with respect to some glial-based disorders in the brain. Finally in our last section, we have provided some studies on the potential roles of the teneurins and latrophilins with respect to carcinogenesis. Although these studies are somewhat removed from our treatise on the role of teneurins and latrophilins with respect to neuronal development, maintenance and pathology, they provide interesting observations that may be relevant to some types of CNS pathology. Thus, Boris Rebolledo-Jaramillo and Annemarie Ziegler include a review on the relationship of teneurins to several types of cancers. This is followed by a research report by Mia Husić and her colleagues suggesting that the TCAP region of the teneurins could play a role in modulating the adhesion of the cancer-like cell line, HEK293 and finally, Sussy Bastias-Candia and associates have provided novel data on the role of teneurin-3 with respect to Wnt signalling and have discussed its potential role in neural development and carcinogenesis. Overall, we posit that the teneurins and latrophilins played a major role in the early evolution of the nervous system and may underlie the etiology of a number of neurological disorders that are thus-far misunderstood. Indeed, we hope that this publication will stimulate further research into the actions of teneurins and latrophilins and lead to novel approaches of understanding and ultimately treatment. Obituary: Ruth Chiquet-Ehrismann (1954-2015): A Teneurin Pioneer A major player in the discovery and characterization of teneurins was the Swiss scientist, Ruth Chiquet-Ehrismann. Dr. Chiquet-Ehrismann had a long-standing interest in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions, particularly during development and tumorigenesis. She earned her Ph.D. at the ETH Zurich under the mentorship of David C. Turner, where she performed early work on the cell and heparin-binding sites of fibronectin. Shortly after joining the Friedrich Miescher Institute in Basel as a junior group leader in 1984, Ruth, in collaboration with Eleanor J. Mackie and Teruyo Sakakura, published a paper in Cell describing an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that she named “tenascin”. A key observation made in this widely cited paper was the presence of tenascin in the extracellular matrix of embryonic tissues and the stroma of breast cancer, but its absence from most normal adult tissues. We now know that the original “tenascin” was the founding member of a diverse gene family, and that members of this family promote cell motility, proliferation and differentiation in a variety of tissue environments, both normal and pathological. But in the early 1990s, it was unclear how tenascins functioned. Specifically, its receptors and binding partners were not understood. Subsequently, Ruth engaged in a multi-pronged approach to studying tenascin function in an attempt to identify its homologues in Drosophila. This work, led by her postdoctoral fellow Dr. Stefan Baumgartner, resulted in the discovery of a novel family of type-2 transmembrane proteins that they named ten-a and ten-m, for “tenascin-like proteins accessory and major”. When the homologues of ten-a and ten-m were found in vertebrates and they were shown to be highly expressed in the nervous system, Ruth proposed the name “teneurins”. This name combined the names of the original proteins from Drosophila with neurons, which appeared to be their most prominent site of expression. From that point onward, Ruth’s research group at the Friedrich Miescher Institute studied two topics: the roles of tenascins in cancer and the roles of teneurins in development. Using numerous model systems, her research included studies of teneurins in arthropods (Drosophila), nematodes (C. elegans) and chordates (birds and humans). Key firsts that came from Ruth’s laboratory include the cloning and sequencing of human teneurins, experimental evidence of teneurin processing by furin and the potential nuclear localization of the intracellular domain, the ability of teneurins to promote growth cone spreading, patterning defects in teneurin knockout animals, a description of the ancient origins of teneurins via horizontal gene transfer, the complementary expression patterns of different teneurins during development, the cytotoxic properties of the teneurin C-terminal domain, and the presence of homotypic adhesion domains in teneurins. Since 1994, Ruth’s group published 24 papers on the cloning, expression, origins and functions of teneurins. Contributing to these papers were 15 graduate students and postdoctoral fellows, often with the expert technical guidance of Jacqueline Ferralli, Marianne Brown-Luedi and Doris Martin. This work has provided a foundation for a new generation of researchers in the field of teneurins. Ruth Chiquet-Ehrismann passed away at her home near Basel on September 4, 2015. She is survived by her husband and collaborator Matthias Chiquet, three children, Daniel, Patrice and Fabian, and an expanding cohort of grandchildren. Richard P. Tucker Davis, California