Characterization Of Membrane Associated Seca
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Characterization Of Membrane Associated Seca
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Author : Carl E. Cheadle
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Characterization Of Membrane Associated Seca written by Carl E. Cheadle and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Chemical bonds categories.
Proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm of bacterial cells and approximately 30 percent of these are exported across the inner membrane and are integrated into the inner membrane or reside in the periplasm or the outer membrane. One system of protein export is the general secretory system which exports precursor proteins through the transmembrane protein complex SecYEG that acts as the selective pore in the inner membrane through which the ATPase SecA translocates the substrate proteins. We have developed an in vitro translocation assay where purified SecYEG and SecA are reconstituted simultaneously into proteoliposomes. Quantifying the number of active translocons in both the proteoliposomes and inverted membrane vesicles with two different precursor proteins revealed that the stoichiometry of SecYEG in the active translocase depends upon the precursor being translocated. We investigated the nature of the interaction between SecA and the membrane using mutant SecA species that lacked the N-terminal ten residues, the C-terminal twenty-one residues, or that lacked the coordinated zinc in the C-terminal twenty-one residues. We observed that SecA species that have the N-terminal ten residues had a higher affinity for the membrane than the SecA deletion mutant SecAdN10 that lacks the ten N-terminal residues. We also identified a role for the N-terminal ten residues of SecA in the translocation process. SecAdN10 is deficient in a step of the translocation process where a 2-kDa segment of the precursor protein is translocated through SecYEG. This deficiency is abolished if a SecA species that contains the N-terminal ten residues is added, and when SecA species that contain the N-terminal ten residues are added to assays with wild-type SecA the rate of the 2-kDa translocation step increases.
Characterization Of Seca N Terminus For Membrane Binding And Activity
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Author : Jeanetta Holley Floyd
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Characterization Of Seca N Terminus For Membrane Binding And Activity written by Jeanetta Holley Floyd and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Biological transport categories.
SecA is an essential component for the translocation of proteins across bacterial membranes. Though SecA is known to function in the membrane the mechanism for this process remains unclear. In this study we identify two specific regions of SecA that may be important for N-terminal membrane interactions. Molecular modeling of SecA from the E. coli and B. subtilus crystal structures, previously determined, revealed that the first 30 amino acids of SecA consists of a helix of amino acids 1-11 connected by a linker (amino acids 12-16) to an amphipathic helix of amino acids 17-30. The first helix is dispensable for SecA activity; however, deletions in the second N-terminal helix, at amino acids 21-25, result in decrease of SecA activity and a deletion of 26 amino acids no longer complements E. coli ts mutant BL21.19. We show that the deletions of N-terminal amino acids that result in the decrease of SecA activity are correlated to the loss of SecA membrane binding and integration in these deletion mutants. In this study we also test the accuracy of a new membrane protein prediction software PSSM_SVM. This program predicted an embedded membrane (EM) region at SecA amino acids 110-118. The predicted sequence represents an unusual prediction for an EM region as most membrane integral regions consist of 15-30 amino acids. Molecular modeling indicated that the region 110-118 is a part of a helix composed of amino acids 107-121 in E. coli SecA, and is indicative of a membrane embedded domain. Site-directed mutagenesis was carried out with several conserved residues, which included L110, L114, and L118 to determine if substitutions at these positions would affect SecA activity. Our data shows that most SecA mutants (including some predicted to be inactive) are active in vivo; however, L110E and L114R mutations rendered the mutated SecA non-functional. All together this study shows that the N-terminal limit of SecA resides at amino acid 26 and that amino acids 21-25 may form a N-terminal membrane binding determinate. Moreover, the predicted EM region may indeed correspond to a functional embedded membrane region for SecA.
Characterization Of The Physiological State Of Seca And Secyeg
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Author : Tithi Banerjee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Characterization Of The Physiological State Of Seca And Secyeg written by Tithi Banerjee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Cell membranes categories.
Membrane Protein Transport
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Author : S.S. Rothman
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 1995-06-28
Membrane Protein Transport written by S.S. Rothman and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-06-28 with Science categories.
This is the first volume in a series on membrane protein transfer. Membrane protein transport underlies the topological disposition of many proteins within cells and it is this disposition that allows for the co-ordination of the central cellular processes, such as metabolism.
Protein Export And Membrane Biogenesis
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Author : R.E. Dalbey
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 1995-08-31
Protein Export And Membrane Biogenesis written by R.E. Dalbey and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-08-31 with Science categories.
The incentive for putting together Volume 4 of this series was to review the wealth of new information that has become available in prokaryotic organisms in protein export and membrane biogenesis. Just in the last several years, protein translocation has now been efficiently reconstituted using defined components and the mechanism by which proteins are moved across membrane bilayers is now being examined at a higher resolution. In addition, because of a new technical breakthrough using osmolytes, it is now possible to reconstitute a number of channel proteins, ATPase, receptors, and transporters. In many cases, it is possible to successfully predict the membrane topology of these types of proteins using both "hydrophobicity analysis" and the "positive inside" rule. In this volume, two chapters focus on protein translocation across membranes (Biochemical Analyses of Components Comprising the Protein Translocation Machinery of E. Coli; Protein Translocation Genetics), while several others on how proteins assemble into the ineer membrane of E. Coli (Membrane Protein Assembly; Membrane Insertion of Small Proteins: Evolutionary and Functional Aspects; Pigment-Protein Complex Assembly in Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Rhodobacter Capsulatus). Other sections review recent progress on transporters (Identification and Reconstitution of Anion Exchange Mechanisms in Bacteria; Helic Packing in the C-Terminal Half of Lactose Permease) and signal transduction (Mechanism of Transmembrane Signaling in Osmoregulation) as well as the assembly of prints into the outer membrane (Export and Assembly of Outer Membrane Proteins in E. coli). Although the emphasis of the book is on proteins, the role of phospholipids in controlling various cell surface processes is reviewed (Role of Phospholipids in coli Cell Function). I should point out the reason for the rapid progress in bacteria research is because of the possibility to apply biochemistry and genetics in this organism.
Progress In Nucleic Acid Research And Molecular Biology
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2000-10-19
Progress In Nucleic Acid Research And Molecular Biology written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-10-19 with Science categories.
Nucleic acids are the fundamental building blocks of DNA and RNA and are found in virtually every living cell. Molecular biology is a branch of science that studies the physicochemical properties of molecules in a cell, including nucleic acids, proteins, and enzymes. Increased understanding of nucleic acids and their role in molecular biology will further many of the biological sciences including genetics, biochemistry, and cell biology. Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology provides a forum for discussion of new discoveries, approaches, and ideas in molecular biology. It contains contributions from leaders in their fields and abundant references. Provides a forum for discussion of new discoveries, approaches, and ideas in molecular biology Features contributions from leaders in their fields Contains abundant references
Membrane Biogenesis
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Author : A.H. Maddy
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-11
Membrane Biogenesis written by A.H. Maddy and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-11 with Science categories.
Scientific reviews are now of two complementary types: short, very up-to-date articles, as are found in the Trends series, and the more traditional longer re views, which are more comprehensive but take longer to publish. The Subcellu lar Biochemistry series belongs to the latter category where a number of reviews on a broad topic are collected together in the one volume. It has been the aim of this volume to summarize the present state of knowledge of membrane assembly. It is appreciated that some relevant topics have not been included, and an editor's selection is restricted by the many calls on potential authors who are unable to meet all requests made to them. The absence of a discussion of the roles of lipids is," however, a reflection of the fact that a recent volume in this series, edited by Dr. H. 1. Hilderson, has been devoted to this subject (Vol. 16, Intracellular Transfer of Lipid Molecules), and readers are recommended to this source.
Biomembrane Structures
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Author : Parvez I. Haris
language : en
Publisher: IOS Press
Release Date : 1998
Biomembrane Structures written by Parvez I. Haris and has been published by IOS Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Medical categories.
Biological membranes play a significant role in a range of biological processes such as ion-transport and signal transduction. Over the years much effort has been devoted towards developing an understanding of biomembrane structure. The study of this subject is now reaching an important stage. This is because at last the full three-dimensional structure of certain membrane proteins is beginning to be resolved. In the past three-dimensional structures of membrane proteins were difficult to obtain as only two dimensional crystals were available. In recent years satisfactory crystals have been obtained and X-ray diffraction techniques have been applied. This has led to the three dimensional structures of the photosynthetic reaction centres, porins and more recently the structure of cytochrome oxidase. Of course not all membrane proteins are readily crystallisable and some are not even available in sufficient quantities to obtain the necessary crystals or to carry out biophysical experiments. In some cases e.g. the voltage-gated potassium ion channel membrane proteins their structure has been proposed mainly on the basis of molecular biology methods. This has prompted the search for alternative approaches for characterising biomembrane structure. Molecular biological studies are providing a wealth of information on a number of different membrane proteins. Combining the information derived from such studies with molecular modelling is becoming extremely useful for relating structure to function. Development of other approaches include synthesis and structure- function analysis of peptides corresponding to functionally important domains of membrane proteins. This book presents a series of Chapters discussing how a combination of molecular biological, biophysical and theoretical (molecular modelling) techniques are helping us to obtain a much clearer picture of biomembrane structure. After an introductory Chapter on the Principles of membrane Protein Structure, the book is divided into two sections; one dealing with crystallographic approaches and the other non-crystallographic approaches such as NMR, AFM, SPR and FTIR spectroscopy. Chapters dealing with the recently solved crystal structure of cytochrome oxidase and bacteriorhodopsin are presented. The book contains contributions from leading membrane scientists describing their latest studies. It provides an up to date coverage of the developments in the field of biomembranes with particular emphasis on membrane proteins.
Protein And Sugar Export And Assembly In Gram Positive Bacteria
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Author : Fabio Bagnoli
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-05-02
Protein And Sugar Export And Assembly In Gram Positive Bacteria written by Fabio Bagnoli and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-02 with Medical categories.
This book focuses on the envelope of Gram-positive bacteria including its composition, the latest discoveries in the mechanisms behind its assembly, and its role in pathogenesis. Furthermore, new applications in biotechnology and vaccine development involving these bacteria are discussed in detail. This concise volume consists of eleven chapters by prominent experts in the field, which review the latest findings and current state of knowledge on a range of diverse yet interlinked aspects. This book is written for all researchers, clinicians and technicians engaged in basic or applied science projects on Gram-positive bacteria.
Cumulated Index Medicus
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Cumulated Index Medicus written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Medicine categories.