China U S Trade Issues
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China U S Trade Issues
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Author : Wayne M. Morrison
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
China U S Trade Issues written by Wayne M. Morrison and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with China categories.
China U S Trade Issues
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Author : Wayne M. Morrison
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 1991
China U S Trade Issues written by Wayne M. Morrison and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with China categories.
China U S Trade Issues
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Author : Wayne M. Morrison
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
China U S Trade Issues written by Wayne M. Morrison and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with China categories.
China U S Trade Issues
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Author : Wayne M. Morrison
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
China U S Trade Issues written by Wayne M. Morrison and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with China categories.
China U S Trade Issues
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Author : Congressional Research Congressional Research Service
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2014-12-19
China U S Trade Issues written by Congressional Research Congressional Research Service and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-19 with categories.
U.S.-China economic ties have expanded substantially over the past three decades. Total U.S.-China trade rose from $2 billion in 1979 to $562 billion in 2013. China is currently the United States' second-largest trading partner, its third-largest export market, and its biggest source of imports. China is estimated to be a $350 billion market for U.S. firms (based on U.S. direct and indirect exports to China and sales by U.S.-invested firms in China). Many U.S. firms view participation in China's market as critical to staying globally competitive. General Motors (GM), for example, which has invested heavily in China, sold more cars in China than in the United States each year from 2010 to 2013. In addition, U.S. imports of low-cost goods from China greatly benefit U.S. consumers, and U.S. firms that use China as the final point of assembly for their products, or use Chinese-made inputs for production in the United States, are able to lower costs. China is the largest foreign holder of U.S. Treasury securities (nearly $1.25 trillion as of October 2014). China's purchases of U.S. government debt help keep U.S. interest rates low. Despite growing commercial ties, the bilateral economic relationship has become increasingly complex and often fraught with tension. From the U.S. perspective, many trade tensions stem from China's incomplete transition to a free market economy. While China has significantly liberalized its economic and trade regimes over the past three decades, it continues to maintain (or has recently imposed) a number of state-directed policies that appear to distort trade and investment flows. Major areas of concern expressed by U.S. policy makers and stakeholders include China's relatively poor record of intellectual property rights (IPR) enforcement and alleged widespread cyber economic espionage against U.S. firms by Chinese government entities; its mixed record on implementing its World Trade Organization (WTO) obligations; its extensive use of industrial policies (such as financial support of state-owned firms, trade and investment barriers, and pressure on foreign-invested firms in China to transfer technology in exchange for market access) in order to promote the development of industries favored by the government and protect them from foreign competition; and its policies to hold down the value of its currency. Many U.S. policy makers argue that such policies negatively impact U.S. economic interests and have contributed to U.S. job losses. There are a number of views in the United States over how to more effectively address commercial disputes with China:
China U S Trade Issues
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Author : Congressional Research Service
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2017-01-09
China U S Trade Issues written by Congressional Research Service and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-09 with categories.
U.S.-China economic ties have expanded substantially over the past three decades. Total U.S.-China trade rose from $2 billion in 1979 (when economic reforms began) to $599 billion in 2015. In 2015, China was the United States' second-largest trading partner, its third-largest export market, and its biggest source of imports. According to one source, China is a $400 billion market for U.S. firms when U.S. services exports to China, sales by U.S. foreign affiliates in China, and reexports of U.S. products through Hong Kong to China are factored in. Many U.S. firms view participation in China's market as critical to staying globally competitive. General Motors (GM), for example, which has invested heavily in China, sold more cars in China than in the United States each year from 2010 to 2015. In addition, U.S. imports of lower-cost goods from China greatly benefit U.S. consumers, and U.S. firms that use China as the final point of assembly for their products, or use Chinese-made inputs for production in the United States, are able to lower costs. China is the second largest foreign holder of U.S. Treasury securities ($1.1 trillion as of October 2016), and its purchases of U.S. government debt help keep U.S. interest rates low. Despite growing commercial ties, the bilateral economic relationship has become increasingly complex and often fraught with tension. From the U.S. perspective, many trade tensions stem from China's incomplete transition to a free market economy. While China has significantly liberalized its economic and trade regimes over the past three decades, it continues to maintain (or has recently imposed) a number of state-directed policies that appear to distort trade and investment flows. Major areas of concern expressed by U.S. policymakers and stakeholders include China's alleged widespread cyber economic espionage against U.S. firms; relatively ineffective record of enforcing intellectual property rights (IPR); discriminatory innovation policies; mixed record on implementing its World Trade Organization (WTO) obligations; extensive use of industrial policies (such as financial support of state-owned firms and trade and investment barriers) in order to promote and protect industries favored by the government; and interventionist policies to influence the value of its currency. Many U.S. policymakers argue that such policies adversely impact U.S. economic interests and have contributed to U.S. job losses. There are different views on how the United States could better address commercial disputes with China. Some contend that the United States should take a more aggressive stance against China's trade policies, such as by increasing the number of U.S. WTO dispute settlement cases brought against China, expanding the use of U.S. trade remedy laws on certain imports from China, designating it as a "currency manipulator" and/or threatening to impose sanctions against China unless it addresses various policies, such as cyber theft of U.S. business trade secrets, that hurt U.S. economic interests. Others contend that U.S. trade policy towards China should focus on intensifying and broadening ongoing bilateral dialogues and trade negotiations, such as the U.S.-China Strategic and Economic Dialogue (S&ED), which was established in part to discuss global and bilateral economic and trade issues. Another objective often cited is to complete ongoing bilateral and pluriateral negotiations involving China that would produce agreements expanding market access in China, including a U.S.-China bilateral investment treaty (BIT), China's accession to the WTO's Procurement Agreement (GPA), and a WTO plurilateral environment goods agreement (EGA). This report provides background and analysis of U.S.-China commercial ties, including history, trends, issues, and outlook.
Trade Frictions Between China And The Us
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Author : Markus Karmann
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2012-05-03
Trade Frictions Between China And The Us written by Markus Karmann and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-03 with Business & Economics categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject Economics - International Economic Relations, grade: 1,1, The University of Hong Kong, language: English, abstract: History plays a funny role in repeating itself. With light of the current trade frictions between the United States and China, their trading histories become increasingly relevant. Little did both sides know the substantial impact of President Nixon’s 1972 meeting with Chairman Mao—the event laid the basis for growth and development between both countries for the next several decades: into a present where the US dominates while China has the fastest growing financial market of the Twenty-first Century. Up until recently, their trade relations have been, if not smooth, at least civil. However, the increasing number of disputes in trade and policy-making may adversely affect the development of Sino-US relations on the world market. As the international society turns their critiquing eyes towards the friction currently plaguing the US and China, the two world powers are placed in the precarious position of settling these disputes to not only decide the future of their own fragile partnership, but the ultimate direction of the world trading scene.
U S China Trade Issues After The Wto And The Pntr Deal
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Hoover Press
Release Date :
U S China Trade Issues After The Wto And The Pntr Deal written by and has been published by Hoover Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Balance of trade categories.
U S China Trade
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Author : Josephine A. Gonzalez
language : en
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
Release Date : 2013
U S China Trade written by Josephine A. Gonzalez and has been published by Nova Science Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Balance of trade categories.
U.S.-China economic ties have expanded substantially over the past three decades. Total U.S.-China trade rose from $5 billion in 1981 to an estimated $503 billion in 2011, and is projected to reach $539 billion in 2012. China is currently the United States' second-largest trading partner, its third-largest export market, and its biggest source of imports. Because U.S. imports from China have risen much more rapidly than U.S. exports to China, the U.S. merchandise trade deficit has grown from $10 billion in 1990 to $296 billion in 2011, and is projected to reach $311 billion in 2012. The rapid pace of economic integration between China and the U.S., while benefiting both sides overall, has made the trade relationship increasingly complex. This book provides an overview of U.S.-China trade relations, surveys major trade disputes, and lists bills introduced in Congress that could affect bilateral commercial ties.
Trade With China
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Author : Pamela Simmons
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Trade With China written by Pamela Simmons and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with BUSINESS & ECONOMICS categories.
This book examines the state of China's trade agreements with various regions of the world and the strategy and rationale behind them. In its campaign to sign free trade agreements, China is slowly moving from small, developing countries to more advanced economies. However, China's approach to preferential trade is inconsistent and not fully understood. This book outlines China's strategy and key factors influencing its policy in the pursuit of free trade agreements and offers considerations for the U.S. government. Moreover, the book provides an overview of U.S.-China commercial relations, including major trade disputes, and examines China's recent emergence as a major agricultural importer and its implications for global markets.