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Circulating Nucleic Acids In Early Diagnosis Prognosis And Treatment Monitoring


Circulating Nucleic Acids In Early Diagnosis Prognosis And Treatment Monitoring
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Circulating Nucleic Acids In Early Diagnosis Prognosis And Treatment Monitoring


Circulating Nucleic Acids In Early Diagnosis Prognosis And Treatment Monitoring
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Author : Peter B. Gahan
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-11-18

Circulating Nucleic Acids In Early Diagnosis Prognosis And Treatment Monitoring written by Peter B. Gahan and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-11-18 with Medical categories.


DNA and RNA fractions can be isolated from a variety of body fluids including whole blood, serum, plasma, urine, saliva and cerebrospinal fluid from both patients and healthy individuals. Such isolates can be exploited in the early detection of clinical disorders, stratification of patients for treatment, treatment monitoring and clinical follow-up. In addition, the use in fetal medicine allows the early detection of fetal sex, Rh factor and aneuploid disorders as well as following both fetal and premature born infant development. This volume is intended as a primer for those who are interested in entering the field of circulating nucleic acids. The areas covered in this volume include: · Background and general biology of circulating nucleic acids · Methodology · Applications of circulating nucleic acids · Quality Assurance · Ethics



Circulating Nucleic Acids In Plasma And Serum Iv


Circulating Nucleic Acids In Plasma And Serum Iv
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Author : R. Swaminathan
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Release Date : 2006-10-09

Circulating Nucleic Acids In Plasma And Serum Iv written by R. Swaminathan and has been published by Wiley-Blackwell this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-10-09 with Science categories.


An accurate, inexpensive, and noninvasive method for the early diagnosis of cancer has been something of a holy grail among cancer researchers, but until recently a method meeting all three criteria has been elusive. Nucleic acids were first discovered in circulation in 1948, but it was not until the 1960s and 70s that patients with autoimmune disease and cancer were discovered to have higher levels of circulating DNA than were detected in in healthy persons. The focus in this volume is on three major applications of the circulating nucleic acids detection method: cancer, fetal medicine, and diseases such as diabetes, stroke, and myocardial infarction. In addition, there are reports on the biology and origins of circulating DNA and RNA and on improved methods for the detection of nucleic acids in plasma and serum. The circulating DNA found in cancer patients has many characteristics in common with their tumors, which made it an attractive candidate for use in the diagnosis and management of patients with malignancies. This method can also be applied to the assessment of the sublinical tumor burden in cancer patients, thus reducing the risk of unnecessary chemotherapy. Detection of nucleic acids circulating in maternal serum means that fetal diagnosis may be possible without resorting to the more dangerous and invasive methods now used (e.g., amniotic fluid and chorionic villus sampling). Detection of problems in the pregnancy such as preeclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation may also become possible through maternal blood samples. In diabetic patients, circulating nucleic acids can be used for the early detection of developments such as retinopathy. The benefits of using circulating nucleic acids in the diagnosis and management of cancer and chronic disease will be realized through earlier detection by means of this less expensive and less invasive testing technique and through its potential for closer monitoring of the disease. NOTE: Annals volumes are available for sale as individual books or as a journal. For information on institutional journal subscriptions, please visit www.blackwellpublishing.com/nyas. ACADEMY MEMBERS: Please contact the New York Academy of Sciences directly to place your order (www.nyas.org). Members of the New York Academy of Science receive full-text access to the Annals online and discounts on print volumes. Please visit http://www.nyas.org/MemberCenter/Join.aspx for more information about becoming a member



Circulating Nucleic Acids In Plasma And Serum


Circulating Nucleic Acids In Plasma And Serum
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Author : Peter B. Gahan
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-10-08

Circulating Nucleic Acids In Plasma And Serum written by Peter B. Gahan and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-10-08 with Medical categories.


DNA and RNA fractions have been isolated from the whole blood, serum, plasma, the surface of blood cells, urine, saliva and spinal fluid from both healthy individuals and clinical patients. Recent developments are presented concerning the isolation, quantification and analysis of these molecules and their use in the identification of specific nucleic acid fragments related to a variety of clinical disorders thereby permitting their early diagnosis and prognosis.



Epigenetic Biomarkers And Diagnostics


Epigenetic Biomarkers And Diagnostics
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Author : Jose Luis Garcia-Gimenez
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2015-12-07

Epigenetic Biomarkers And Diagnostics written by Jose Luis Garcia-Gimenez and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-07 with Science categories.


Epigenetic Biomarkers and Diagnostics comprises 31 chapters contributed by leading active researchers in basic and clinical epigenetics. The book begins with the basis of epigenetic mechanisms and descriptions of epigenetic biomarkers that can be used in clinical diagnostics and prognostics. It goes on to discuss classical methods and next generation sequencing-based technologies to discover and analyze epigenetic biomarkers. The book concludes with an account of DNA methylation, post-translational modifications and noncoding RNAs as the most promising biomarkers for cancer (i.e. breast, lung, colon, etc.), metabolic disorders (i.e. diabetes and obesity), autoimmune diseases, infertility, allergy, infectious diseases, and neurological disorders. The book describes the challenging aspects of research in epigenetics, and current findings regarding new epigenetic elements and modifiers, providing guidance for researchers interested in the most advanced technologies and tested biomarkers to be used in the clinical diagnosis or prognosis of disease. Focuses on recent progress in several areas of epigenetics, general concepts regarding epigenetics, and the future prospects of this discipline in clinical diagnostics and prognostics Describes the importance of the quality of samples and clinical associated data, and also the ethical issues for epigenetic diagnostics Discusses the advances in epigenomics technologies, including next-generation sequencing based tools and applications Expounds on the utility of epigenetic biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of several diseases, highlighting the study of these biomarkers in cancer, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, infertility, and infectious diseases Includes a special section that discusses the relevance of biobanks in the maintenance of high quality biosamples and clinical-associated data, and the relevance of the ethical aspects in epigenetic studies



Hepatocellular Carcinoma


Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Author : Yujin Hoshida
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-08-05

Hepatocellular Carcinoma written by Yujin Hoshida and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-08-05 with Medical categories.


This book provides a comprehensive overview of the current limitations and unmet needs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. It also provides newly emerging concepts, approaches, and technologies to address challenges. Topics covered include changing landscape of HCC etiologies in association with health disparities, framework of clinical management algorithm, new and experimental modalities of HCC diagnosis and prognostication, multidisciplinary treatment options including rapidly evolving molecular targeted therapies and immune therapies, multi-omics molecular characterization, and clinically relevant experimental models. The book is intended to assist collaboration between the diverse disciplines and facilitate forward and reverse translation between basic and clinical research by providing a comprehensive overview of relevant areas, covering epidemiological trend and population-level patient management strategies, new diagnostic and prognostic tools, recent advances in the standard care and novel therapeutic approaches, and new concepts in pathogenesis and experimental approaches and tools, by experts and opinion leaders in their respective fields. By thoroughly and concisely covering whole aspects of HCC care, Hepatocellular Carcinoma serves as a valuable reference for multidisciplinary readers, and promotes the development of personalized precision care strategies that lead to substantial improvement of disease burden and patient prognosis in HCC.



Precision Medicine In Oncology


Precision Medicine In Oncology
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Author : Bulent Aydogan
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2020-11-02

Precision Medicine In Oncology written by Bulent Aydogan and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-02 with Medical categories.


A FRESH EXAMINATION OF PRECISION MEDICINE'S INCREASINGLY PROMINENT ROLE IN THE FIELD OF ONCOLOGY Precision medicine takes into account each patient's specific characteristics and requirements to arrive at treatment plans that are optimized towards the best possible outcome. As the field of oncology continues to advance, this tailored approach is becoming more and more prevalent, channelling data on genomics, proteomics, metabolomics and other areas into new and innovative methods of practice. Precision Medicine in Oncology draws together the essential research driving the field forward, providing oncology clinicians and trainees alike with an illuminating overview of the technology and thinking behind the breakthroughs currently being made. Topics covered include: Biologically-guided radiation therapy Informatics for precision medicine Molecular imaging Biomarkers for treatment assessment Big data Nanoplatforms Casting a spotlight on this emerging knowledge base and its impact upon the management of tumors, Precision Medicine in Oncology opens up new possibilities and ways of working – not only for oncologists, but also for molecular biologists, radiologists, medical geneticists, and others.



Researches On New Generation Tumor Markers


Researches On New Generation Tumor Markers
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Author : Yildiz Dincer, Ph.d.
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019-02-22

Researches On New Generation Tumor Markers written by Yildiz Dincer, Ph.d. and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-22 with categories.


Many cancers are associated with the abnormal production of some molecules which can be measured in plasma/urine or can be detected on the surface of resected tumor tissue. These molecules are known as tumor markers. The potential uses of tumor markers are screening in the general population, differential diagnoses of symptomatic patients, clinical staging of cancer, estimating tumor volume, indicating prognosis, monitoring treatment and detecting recurrences. In order to obtain maximum clinical benefit, a tumor marker should have some characteristics. A tumor marker should be tissue-specific. The plasma level of the tumor marker should be in proportion to the size and activity of the tumor. A tumor marker should be present in plasma at a detectable level, even though tumor size is very small. A tumor marker should reflect the altered tumor characteristic as a response to therapy. Unfortunately, currently used tumor markers do not meet all of these criteria. A majority of them are present in normal, benign and tumor tissues, and unfortunately, they are not specific enough to be used for cancer screening in the general population. In addition, conventional tumor markers are poor in reflecting altered tumor behavior in response to anticancer therapy. They are of most value during follow-up appointments. Recent developments in molecular biology have led to the identification of numerous new tumor biomarkers. Firstly, the detection of DNA and RNA freely circulating in blood has provided a new perspective for the early diagnosis of cancer, patient follow-up, and assessment of therapy efficacy. Circulating free nucleic acids can originate from both malignant and non-malignant tissues. Discrimination of tumor cells is based on the presence of tumor-specific genetic and epigenetic alterations. This circulating nucleic acid-based approach is termed a liquid biopsy. Due to its non-invasive and repeatable features, liquid biopsy is a promising tool for cancer patients. It is particularly helpful in cancers where solid tissue biopsies are not feasible, and in the metastatic patients when multiple distinct tumor masses are simultaneously present. As another advantage, liquid biopsy shows the current tumor dynamics during anticancer therapy and drug sensitivities that conventional examinations fail to reflect. Secondly, self-renewable stem cells have the potential to cause cancer. If stem cells are genetically or epienetically changed, their differentiation potential becomes impaired and their proliferative capacity becomes uncontrolled. Current anticancer therapies mostly fail to eradicate cancer stem cells and instead favor expansion of the cancer stem cell pool and/or select for resistant stem cells. Thirdly, microRNAs, non-coding RNAs and transfer RNA fragments found in the bloodstream are candidate markers for the diagnosis and prognosis of different types of cancer. This book provides an overview of these new molecular tumor markers.



Circulating Nucleic Acids In Serum And Plasma Cnaps Ix


Circulating Nucleic Acids In Serum And Plasma Cnaps Ix
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Author : Peter B. Gahan
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-10-17

Circulating Nucleic Acids In Serum And Plasma Cnaps Ix written by Peter B. Gahan and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-10-17 with Medical categories.


The book will present the progress made since the last meeting in fall 2013 concerning the analysis of circulating extra-cellular nucleic acids. There are a modest number of laboratories involved in this field, nevertheless the number of papers published by researchers is extensive. The articles which will be published in this meeting report will be a valuable contribution for researchers and research students alike and will help them to stay on top of the developments in different research areas and to „cross borders“ between them.



Ovarian Cancer


Ovarian Cancer
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Author : Omer Devaja
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2018-10-24

Ovarian Cancer written by Omer Devaja and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-24 with Medical categories.


Ovarian cancer management is a rapidly changing field with new treatment agents available as a result of a greater understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease. In addition, both surgical and chemotherapeutic treatment strategies are evolving to maximise response in this disease. This book brings together leading specialists from around the world to discuss and outline a variety of new concepts in ovarian cancer, ranging from molecular biology and genetics through screening to both surgical and chemotherapeutic management.



Atlas Of Thyroid And Neuroendocrine Tumor Markers


Atlas Of Thyroid And Neuroendocrine Tumor Markers
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Author : Luca Giovanella
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-01-22

Atlas Of Thyroid And Neuroendocrine Tumor Markers written by Luca Giovanella and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-01-22 with Medical categories.


This book highlights the increase in thyroid tumors and NET and demonstrates the growing importance of circulating markers in diagnosis as well as treatment and follow-up. Dramatic technical improvements have heightened the clinical impact of well-established, conventional biochemical markers. In addition, more recent genetic and molecular approaches have provided innovative molecular markers. In this context, effective communication between clinicians and laboratory physicians/scientists is essential in allowing all those involved to fully profit from these exciting advances. In this comprehensive, up-to-date book, authors from different laboratory and clinical areas link laboratory and clinical topics. Analytical problems such as interferences, false-negative and false-positive results are discussed in depth, and flow-charts offer insights into identifying and avoiding them. Illustrated clinical cases detail the clinical role and limitations of different tumor markers. Lastly, it explores health technology assessment and economic issues. This is a valuable resource for endocrinologists, oncologists, nuclear medicine physicians, scientists and technologists who want to keep abreast of the latest developments.