Civil Government In Warlord China
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Civil Government In Warlord China
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Author : Ronald Stanley Suleski
language : en
Publisher: Peter Lang Incorporated, International Academic Publishers
Release Date : 2002
Civil Government In Warlord China written by Ronald Stanley Suleski and has been published by Peter Lang Incorporated, International Academic Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Business & Economics categories.
From 1916 to 1928 powerful warlords unleashed their armies in search of territory and political power and China seemed on the verge of total collapse. Instead, a surprising amount of economic growth and modernization took place as new businesses were established, telegraph and telephone lines constructed, commercial highways and railroads built, currency reforms put in place and chambers of commerce organized to bolster local merchants. In the northeast provinces of Manchuria the warlord Zhang Zuolin was confronted by Fengtian Civil Governor Wang Yongjiang, who brought a vitality to the region that was the envy of the rest of China. Wang was motivated by the traditional ethic that civil officials had a responsibility toward local society. However, long-established values did not preclude the introduction of new-style institutions or economic organization. The resultant combination of tradition and modernization allowed China to overcome the disruptions of warlord depredations and to experience regional economic growth and periods of surprising social stability.
Warlord Politics In China 1916 1928
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 1976-06
Warlord Politics In China 1916 1928 written by and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1976-06 with categories.
The first comprehensive analytical treatment of warlordism in twentieth-century China, this book approaches regional militarism as a generic phenomenon of Chinese politics in the most complex and chaotic era of recent Chinese history. After describing the emergence of militarist regimes after the death of Yuan Shih-k'ai in 1916, the author analyzes their membership, goals, capabilities, and sources of cohesion, in the process presenting new information on their organization, methods of recruitment, quality of training, types of weapons, tactical and strategic concepts, and means of financing. On the strength of this information, he offers a convincing explanation I balance-of-power terms for the baffling advances, retreats, clashes, and changes of allegiance that have puzzled students of the era. His analysis makes clear how the leading warlords viewed the state, themselves, and each other. A concluding chapter presents an explanation based on systems theory for the Kuomintang's triumph over the warlords who had sought to confine its domain to Kwangtung. Included as appendixes are a chronology of events and lists of national leaders and provincial military authorities from 1916 to 1928.
The Power Of The Gun
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Author : Edward Allen McCord
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
The Power Of The Gun written by Edward Allen McCord and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with History categories.
This detailed study offers a new interpretation of the emergence of warlordism in early twentieth-century China. Focusing on the provinces of Hunan and Hubei, Edward McCord shows how the repeated use of the military to settle disputes over the structure and allocation of political power in the early Republic ultimately thwarted the consolidation of civil authority. Warlordism flourished as military commanders took advantage of the growing militarization of politics to establish their dominance over early Republican government. McCord's study brings into sharp focus the social and political context of warlordism and is an essential bridge completing the narrative of events between two revolutionary eras. With the role of the military in modern Chinese politics receiving renewed attention today, this work is especially timely. This detailed study offers a new interpretation of the emergence of warlordism in early twentieth-century China. Focusing on the provinces of Hunan and Hubei, Edward McCord shows how the repeated use of the military to settle disputes over the structure and allocation of political power in the early Republic ultimately thwarted the consolidation of civil authority. Warlordism flourished as military commanders took advantage of the growing militarization of politics to establish their dominance over early Republican government. McCord's study brings into sharp focus the social and political context of warlordism and is an essential bridge completing the narrative of events between two revolutionary eras. With the role of the military in modern Chinese politics receiving renewed attention today, this work is especially timely.
War And Geopolitics In Interwar Manchuria
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Author : Chi Man Kwong
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2017-03-06
War And Geopolitics In Interwar Manchuria written by Chi Man Kwong and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-06 with Philosophy categories.
In War and Geopolitics in Interwar Manchuria Kwong Chi Man revisits the National Revolution of 1925-1928 by revealing the central importance of geopolitics in the civil wars in China during the interwar period.
The Military Gentry Coalition
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Author : Jerome Chʼên
language : en
Publisher: University of Toronto-York University, Joint Centre on Modern East Asia
Release Date : 1979
The Military Gentry Coalition written by Jerome Chʼên and has been published by University of Toronto-York University, Joint Centre on Modern East Asia this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with China categories.
Administering The Colonizer
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Author : Blaine Roland Chiasson
language : en
Publisher: University of British Columbia Press
Release Date : 2010
Administering The Colonizer written by Blaine Roland Chiasson and has been published by University of British Columbia Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with History categories.
"Chiasson is not afraid to take on the racial prejudice and discrimination that Was part of life in China's concession areas. His use of many Russian sources albums him to give the Russian perspective on what is usually taken to be a part of China's history. This book should have wide appeal to those interested in modernizations, colonial history, inter-cultural confrontation and, intimately related to these topics, the creation of planned human communities."-Ronald Suleski, author of Civil Government in Warlord China: Tradition, Modernization, and Manchuria "Administering the Colonizaer scholarship. Chiasson, more than any previous author, details the administrative structures and policies by which the unique city of Harbin was governed during the transition from Russian to Chinese rule. His book makes an outstanding original contribution on a subject that is important in its own right, but even more so as instances of mixed administration (both historical and current) are popular and relevant cases to study."-James Carter, author of Creating a Chinese Harbin: Nationalism in an International City, 1916-1932 Harbing of the 1920's was viewed by Westerners as a world turned upside down. The Chinese government had taken over administration of the Russian-founded Chinese Eastern Railway concession, and its large Russian population. This account of the decade-long multi-ethnic and multinational administrative experiment in North Manchuria reveals that China not only created policies to promote Chinese sovereignty but also intituted measures to protect the Russian minority. This is a historical examination of how an ethnic, cultural, and racial majority coexisted with a minority of a different culture and race. It restores to history the national influences that have shaped northern China and Chinese nationalism.
The Armies Of Warlord China 1911 1928
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Author : Philip S. Jowett
language : en
Publisher: Schiffer Publishing
Release Date : 2013
The Armies Of Warlord China 1911 1928 written by Philip S. Jowett and has been published by Schiffer Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Armies categories.
China in the 1910s and 1920s was dominated by a succession of military strongmen who fought with each other for the control of the country. Weak central government meant that provincial governors or Warlords and their personal armies were left to fight over the country. The wars that resulted cost millions of civilian deaths and the death of hundreds of thousands of ordinary soldiers. In total a staggering 500 wars were fought over a seventeen year period from 1911 to 1928 starting with the fall of the Qing Dynasty and ending with the victory of the Nationalists in 1928. Some of these conflicts involved a few hundred men on each side, while the larger wars involved up to one million men with tanks, armored trains, and aircraft. This book will, for the first time, show in detail the history of the Armies of Warlord China featuring over 600 rare photographs and illustrations. The book also includes color sections on the uniforms, aircraft and awards and medals of the Chinese Warlord Armies.
The Chinese Warlord System 1916 To 1928
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Author : Hsi-sheng Chi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1969
The Chinese Warlord System 1916 To 1928 written by Hsi-sheng Chi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1969 with China categories.
Warlord Soldiers
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Author : Diana Lary
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1985-06-20
Warlord Soldiers written by Diana Lary and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985-06-20 with History categories.
Diana Lary examines how the common soldier in Warlord China became an instrument of oppression and terror.
The Northern Expedition
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Author : Donald A. Jordan
language : en
Publisher: University of Hawaii Press
Release Date : 2019-03-31
The Northern Expedition written by Donald A. Jordan and has been published by University of Hawaii Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-31 with History categories.
The Chinese state of the 1920s was one of disunified parts, ruled by warlords too strong for civilians to oust and too weak to resist the demands and bribes of foreign powers. China's treaty ports were crucibles of change in which congregated the educated elite, exposed to modern ways, who felt the need for a national revolution to revitalize their country and to provide her with a new, more integrated political system. Nationwide in their origins and representing varying political ideologies, this elite formed a loose coalition to achieve a common goal. In 1926 the first step in the military campaign known as the Northern Expedition was launched to conquer the armed forces of the warlords, the greatest obstacle in the path toward reunification of China. Until now, historians have ascribed much of the success of the Northern Expedition, culminating in the capture of Peking, to the Communist-led mass organizations who were reported to have won over the populace in the territory ahead of the National Revolutionary Army. Dr. Jordan's research, especially in Communist materials, has uncovered evidence indicating that, although the mass organizations did aid the army at particular points in 1925 and 1926, there had also been a side to the mass movement that was disruptive to the goal of reunification. Of additional import, some of the key participants in the later governments of Taiwan and Peking—among them Chiang Kai-shek, Mao Tse-tung, Chou En-lai, and Lin Piao—received their basic political training in the National Revolution.