Clays In The Critical Zone


Clays In The Critical Zone
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Clays In The Critical Zone


Clays In The Critical Zone
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Author : Paul A. Schroeder
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2018-08-09

Clays In The Critical Zone written by Paul A. Schroeder and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-09 with Nature categories.


Clay and clay minerals on Earth's surface and in watershed areas.



Molecular Environmental Soil Science At The Interfaces In The Earth S Critical Zone


Molecular Environmental Soil Science At The Interfaces In The Earth S Critical Zone
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Author : Jian-Ming Xu
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-01-28

Molecular Environmental Soil Science At The Interfaces In The Earth S Critical Zone written by Jian-Ming Xu and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-01-28 with Science categories.


"Molecular Environmental Soil Science at the Interfaces in the Earth's Critical Zone" presents contributions from the 1st International Symposium of Molecular Environmental Soil Science at the Interfaces in the Earth's Critical Zone held in Hangzhou, China. It introduces new ideas, findings, methods, and experience on above new and emerging subject areas. A broad range of topics are covered: the role of mineral colloids in carbon turnover and sequestration and the impact on climate change, biogeochemical interfacial reactions and dynamics of vital and toxic elements, ecotoxicology of anthropogenic organics, environmental nanoparticles and their impacts, and ecosystem health. The book will be a valuable reference for researchers in soil chemistry, environmental chemistry, mineralogy, microbiology, ecology, ecotoxicology, and physics. Jianming Xu is a Professor at the Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, China. Pan Ming Huang is a Professor at the Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Canada.



Soils As A Key Component Of The Critical Zone 1


Soils As A Key Component Of The Critical Zone 1
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Author : Jacques Berthelin
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2018-10-16

Soils As A Key Component Of The Critical Zone 1 written by Jacques Berthelin and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-16 with Technology & Engineering categories.


This introductory book to the six volume series includes an introduction defining the critical zone for mankind that extends from tree canopy and the lower atmosphere to water table and unweathered rock. Soils play a crucial role through the functions and the services that they provide to mankind. The spatial and temporal variability of soils is represented by information systems whose importance, recent evolutions and increasingly performing applications in France and in the world must be underlined. The soil functions, discussed in this book, focus on the regulation of the water cycle, biophysicochemical cycles and the habitat role of biodiversity. The main services presented are those related to the provision of agricultural, fodder and forest products, energy, as well as materials and the role of soil as infrastructure support. They also include the different cultural dimensions of soils, their representations being often linked to myths and rites, as well as their values of environmental and archaeological records. Finally, the issue is raised of an off-ground world.



Biogeochemistry Of The Critical Zone


Biogeochemistry Of The Critical Zone
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Author : Adam S. Wymore
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-05-16

Biogeochemistry Of The Critical Zone written by Adam S. Wymore and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-16 with Science categories.


This book highlights recent advances in the discipline of biogeochemistry that have directly resulted from the development of critical zone (CZ) science. The earth's critical zone (CZ) is defined from the weathering front and lowest extent of freely circulating groundwater up through the regolith and to the top of the vegetative canopy. The structure and function of the CZ is shaped through tectonic, lithologic, hydrologic, climatic, and biological processes and is the result of processes occurring at multiple time scales from eons to seconds. The CZ is an open system in which energy and matter are both transported and transformed. Critical zone science provides a novel and unifying framework to consider those coupled interactions that control biogeochemical cycles and fluxes of energy and matter that are critical to sustaining a habitable planet. Biogeochemical processes are at the heart of energy and matter fluxes through ecosystems and watersheds. They control the quantity and quality of carbon and nutrients available for living organisms, control the retention and export of nutrients affecting water quality and soil fertility, and influence the ability for ecosystems to sequester carbon. As the term implies, biogeochemical cycles, and the rates at which they occur, result from the interaction of biological, chemical, and physical processes. However, finding a unifying framework by which to study these interactions is challenging, and the different components of bio-geo-chemistry are often studied in isolation. The authors provide both reviews and original research contributions with the requirement that the chapters incorporate a CZ framework to test biogeochemical theory and/or develop new and robust predictive models regarding elemental cycles. The book demonstrates how the CZ framework provides novel insights into biogeochemistry.



Principles And Dynamics Of The Critical Zone


Principles And Dynamics Of The Critical Zone
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2015-06-18

Principles And Dynamics Of The Critical Zone written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-18 with Science categories.


Principles and Dynamics of the Critical Zone is an invaluable resource for undergraduate and graduate courses and an essential tool for researchers developing cutting-edge proposals. It provides a process-based description of the Critical Zone, a place that The National Research Council (2001) defines as the "heterogeneous, near surface environment in which complex interactions involving rock, soil, water, air, and living organisms regulate the natural habitat and determine the availability of life-sustaining resources." This text provides a summary of Critical Zone research and outcomes from the NSF funded Critical Zone Observatories, providing a process-based description of the Critical Zone in a wide range of environments with a specific focus on the important linkages that exist amongst the processes in each zone. This book will be useful to all scientists and students conducting research on the Critical Zone within and outside the Critical Zone Observatory Network, as well as scientists and students in the geosciences – atmosphere, geomorphology, geology and pedology. The first text to address the principles and concepts of the Critical Zone A comprehensive approach to the processes responsible for the development and structure of the Critical Zone in a number of environments An essential tool for undergraduate and graduate students, and researchers developing cutting-edge proposals



Quantifying And Managing Soil Functions In Earth S Critical Zone


Quantifying And Managing Soil Functions In Earth S Critical Zone
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2017-02-18

Quantifying And Managing Soil Functions In Earth S Critical Zone written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-18 with Science categories.


Quantifying and Managing Soil Functions in Earth’s Critical Zone: Combining Experimentation and Mathematical Modelling, Volume 142, the latest in the Advances in Agronomy series continues its reputation as a leading reference and first-rate source for the latest research in agronomy. Each volume contains an eclectic group of reviews by leading scientists throughout the world. Five volumes are published yearly, ensuring that the authors’ contributions are disseminated to the readership in a timely manner. As always, the subjects covered are varied and exemplary of the myriad of subject matter dealt with by this long-running serial. Includes numerous, timely, state-of-the-art reviews on the latest advancements in agronomy Features distinguished, well recognized authors from around the world Builds upon this venerable and iconic review series Covers the extensive variety and breadth of subject matter in the crop and soil sciences



Critical Zones


Critical Zones
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Author : Bruno Latour
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2020-10-13

Critical Zones written by Bruno Latour and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-13 with Art categories.


Artists and writers portray the disorientation of a world facing climate change. This monumental volume, drawn from a 2020 exhibition at the ZKM Center for Art and Media, portrays the disorientation of life in world facing climate change. It traces this disorientation to the disconnection between two different definitions of the land on which modernizing humans live: the sovereign nation from which they derive their rights, and another one, hidden, from which they gain their wealth—the land they live on, and the land they live from. Charting the land they will inhabit, they find not a globe, not the iconic “blue marble,” but a series of critical zones—patchy, heterogenous, discontinuous. With short pieces, longer essays, and more than 500 illustrations, the contributors explore the new landscape on which it may be possible for humans to land—what it means to be “on Earth,” whether the critical zone, the Gaia, or the terrestrial. They consider geopolitical conflicts and tools redesigned for the new “geopolitics of life forms.” The “thought exhibition” described in this book can opens a fictional space to explore the new climate regime; the rest of the story is unknown. Contributors include Dipesh Chakrabarty, Pierre Charbonnier, Emanuele Coccia, Vinciane Despret, Jerôme Gaillarde, Donna Haraway, Joseph Leo Koerner, Timothy Lenton, Richard Powers, Simon Schaffer, Isabelle Stengers, Bronislaw Szerszynski, Jan A. Zalasiewicz, Siegfried Zielinski Copublished with ZKM | Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe



Soil Clays


Soil Clays
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Author : G. Jock Churchman
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2019-06-10

Soil Clays written by G. Jock Churchman and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.


As the human population grows from seven billion toward an inevitable nine or 10 billion, the demands on the limited supply of soils will grow and intensify. Soils are essential for the sustenance of almost all plants and animals, including humans, but soils are virtually infinitely variable. Clays are the most reactive and interactive inorganic compounds in soils. Clays in soils often differ from pure clay minerals of geological origin. They provide a template for most of the reactive organic matter in soils. They directly affect plant nutrients, soil temperature and pH, aggregate sizes and strength, porosity and water-holding capacities. This book aims to help improve predictions of important properties of soils through a modern understanding of their highly reactive clay minerals as they are formed and occur in soils worldwide. It examines how clays occur in soils and the role of soil clays in disparate applications including plant nutrition, soil structure, and water-holding capacity, soil quality, soil shrinkage and swelling, carbon sequestration, pollution control and remediation, medicine, forensic investigation, and deciphering human and environmental histories. Features: Provides information on the conditions that lead to the formation of clay minerals in soils Distinguishes soil clays and types of clay minerals Describes clay mineral structures and their origins Describes occurrences and associations of clays in soil Details roles of clays in applications of soils Heavily illustrated with photos, diagrams, and electron micrographs Includes user-friendly description of a new method of identification To know soil clays is to enable their use toward achieving improvements in the management of soils for enhancing their performance in one or more of their three main functions of enabling plant growth, regulating water flow to plants, and buffering environmental changes. This book provides an easily-read and extensively-illustrated description of the nature, formation, identification, occurrence and associations, measurement, reactivities, and applications of clays in soils.



Principles Of Engineering Geology


Principles Of Engineering Geology
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Author : P.B. Attewell
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Principles Of Engineering Geology written by P.B. Attewell and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.


'Engineering geology' is one of those terms that invite definition. The American Geological Institute, for example, has expanded the term to mean 'the application of the geological sciences to engineering practice for the purpose of assuring that the geological factors affecting the location, design, construction, operation and mainten ance of engineering works are recognized and adequately provided for'. It has also been defined by W. R. Judd in the McGraw-Hill Encyclopaedia of Science and Technology as 'the application of education and experience in geology and other geosciences to solve geological problems posed by civil engineering structures'. Judd goes on to specify those branches of the geological or geo-sciences as surface (or surficial) geology, structural/fabric geology, geohydro logy, geophysics, soil and rock mechanics. Soil mechanics is firmly included as a geological science in spite of the perhaps rather unfortunate trends over the years (now happily being reversed) towards purely mechanistic analyses which may well provide acceptable solutions for only the simplest geology. Many subjects evolve through their subject areas from an interdisciplinary background and it is just such instances that pose the greatest difficulties of definition. Since the form of educational development experienced by the practitioners of the subject ulti mately bears quite strongly upon the corporate concept of the term 'engineering geology', it is useful briefly to consider that educational background.



Cavity Expansion Methods In Geomechanics


Cavity Expansion Methods In Geomechanics
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Author : Hai-Sui Yu
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29

Cavity Expansion Methods In Geomechanics written by Hai-Sui Yu and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Science categories.


Cavity expansion theory is a simple theory that has found many applications in geotechnical engineering. In particular, it has been used widely to analyse problems relating to deep foundations, in-situ testing, underground excavation and tunnelling, and wellbore instability. Although much research has been carried out in this field, all the major findings are reported in the form of reports and articles published in technical journals and conference proceedings. To facilitate applications and further development of cavity expansion theory, there is a need for the geotechnical community to have a single volume presentation of cavity expansion theory and its applications in solid and rock mechanics. This book is the first attempt to summarize and present, in one volume, the major developments achieved to date in the field of cavity expansion theory and its applications in geomechanics. Audience: Although it is intended primarily as a reference book for civil, mining, and petroleum engineers who are interested in cavity expansion methods, the solutions presented in the book will also be of interest to students and researchers in the fields of applied mechanics and mechanical engineering.