Climatic Variations And Forcing Mechanisms Of The Last 2000 Years

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Climatic Variations And Forcing Mechanisms Of The Last 2000 Years

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Author : Philip Douglas Jones
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29

Climatic Variations And Forcing Mechanisms Of The Last 2000 Years written by Philip Douglas Jones and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Science categories.

A profound knowledge of the past climate is vital for our understanding of global warming. The past 2000 years are both the period which is of most relevance to the next century and that for which there is the most evidence. High-resolution proxy records for this period are available from a variety of sources. Five sections consider dendroclimatology, ice cores, corals, historical records, lake varves, and other indicators. The final two sections cover the histories of various forcing factors and attempt to bring together records from a variety of sources and provide explanations.

Climatic Variability In Sixteenth Century Europe And Its Social Dimension

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Author : Christian Pfister
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-14

Climatic Variability In Sixteenth Century Europe And Its Social Dimension written by Christian Pfister and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-14 with Science categories.

A multidecadal cooling is known to have occurred in Europe in the final decades of the sixteenth-century. It is still open to debate as to what might have caused the underlying shifts in atmospheric circulation and how these changes affected societies. This book is the fruit of interdisciplinary cooperation among 37 scientists including climatologists, hydrologists, glaciologists, dendroclimatologists, and economic and cultural historians. The known documentary climatic evidence from six European countries is compared to results of tree-ring studies. Seasonal temperature and precipitation are estimated from this data and monthly mean surface pressure patterns in the European area are reconstructed for outstanding anomalies. Results are compared to fluctuations of Alpine glaciers and to changes in the frequency of severe floods and coastal storms. Moreover, the impact of climate change on grain prices and wine production is assessed. Finally, it is convincingly argued that witches at that time were burnt as scapegoats for climatic change.

Climate Change 1995 The Science Of Climate Change

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Author : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1996-06-06

Climate Change 1995 The Science Of Climate Change written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-06-06 with Nature categories.

Climatic changes, air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions.

The Palgrave Handbook Of Climate History

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Author : Sam White
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-08-10

The Palgrave Handbook Of Climate History written by Sam White and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-10 with Science categories.

This handbook offers the first comprehensive, state-of-the-field guide to past weather and climate and their role in human societies. Bringing together dozens of international specialists from the sciences and humanities, this volume describes the methods, sources, and major findings of historical climate reconstruction and impact research. Its chapters take the reader through each key source of past climate and weather information and each technique of analysis; through each historical period and region of the world; through the major topics of climate and history and core case studies; and finally through the history of climate ideas and science. Using clear, non-technical language, The Palgrave Handbook of Climate History serves as a textbook for students, a reference guide for specialists and an introduction to climate history for scholars and interested readers.

Climate Development And History Of The North Atlantic Realm

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Author : Gerold Wefer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09

Climate Development And History Of The North Atlantic Realm written by Gerold Wefer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Science categories.

The global environment is changing rapidly under the impact of human activities, and an important element of this change is related to global c1imate modification. Can the study of c1imate and history help in devising strategies for coping with this change? What might be the type of information most useful in this context? What are the pitfalls awaiting the unwary? These are the kinds of questions that led us to bring together experts from the natural and social sci ences with a strong interest in history, to promote discussion between workers in different disciplines by focussing on a common topic of great interest to society. The meeting was arranged in the framework of a "Hanse Conference" within the interdisciplinary program of the Hanse-Wissenschaftskolleg, a foundation set up to promote interdisciplinary studies in collaboration between the universities ofBremen and Oldenburg. The aim ofthe Hanse Conferences in general is to provide opportunities for experts from different fields of the sciences and humanities to come together and explore the larger framework oftopics of common interest. What unites the partici pants is their desire to look over the fence to neighboring disciplines. Young colleagues who wish to build an interdisciplinary career are particularly welcome. In the Hanse Conference on Climate and History, we have endeavoured to build bridges between the c1imate sciences and the sociological sciences concemed with environmental impacts on human activities. The geological sciences, we feIt, are especially well suited to the purpose because they al ready comprise historical aspects.

Decade To Century Scale Climate Variability And Change

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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 1998-11-24

Decade To Century Scale Climate Variability And Change written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-11-24 with Science categories.

Society today may be more vulnerable to global-scale, long-term, climate change than ever before. Even without any human influence, past records show that climate can be expected to continue to undergo considerable change over decades to centuries. Measures for adaption and mitigation will call for policy decisions based on a sound scientific foundation. Better understanding and prediction of climate variations can be achieved most efficiently through a nationally recognized "dec-cen" science plan. This book articulates the scientific issues that must be addressed to advance us efficiently toward that understanding and outlines the data collection and modeling needed.

The Sun Climate Connection Over The Last Millennium Facts And Questions

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Author : Maxim Ogurtsov
language : en
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
Release Date : 2015-01-02

The Sun Climate Connection Over The Last Millennium Facts And Questions written by Maxim Ogurtsov and has been published by Bentham Science Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-02 with Science categories.

The search for a cause of the global warming phenomenon on our planet has sparked some interest in the scientific community. The connection between changes occurring in the sun and global warming presents one fundamental perspective which has been investigated by a number of scientific research groups. In recent times, there have been some promising results that might help us uncover the clues about such a link. The Sun-Climate Connection over the Last Millennium: facts and questions presents fundamental information about the solar activity, space weather, terrestrial climates and their variations over an extended period of time. The information presented is a set of analyses based on modern methods of statistical analysis of non-stationary time series, including Fourier, wavelet and singular spectral analysis while considering space weather phenomena (solar winds, solar flares, aurora borealis etc.) and other terrestrial manifestations of solar activity. The physical mechanisms potentially linking solar activity and space weather to climate are discussed based on these analyses. The eBook also provides some context of modern millennial temperature reconstructions for explaining global warming in the 20th century. Scenarios of the solar activity and climate evolution throughout the 21st century are considered on the basis of the updated data. The eBook provides useful facts for researchers seeking information on climate and space research with respect to solar phenomena

Climate Changes During The Holocene And Their Impact On Hydrological Systems

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Author : Arie S. Issar
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2004-08-05

Climate Changes During The Holocene And Their Impact On Hydrological Systems written by Arie S. Issar and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-08-05 with Science categories.

This volume provides a comprehensive review of the effects of climate variability on hydrological and human systems in the Holocene (last 10, 000 years), with a view to predicting similar effects in the future. It will be of value to researchers and professionals in hydrology, climatology, geology and historical geography.

The Climate In Historical Times

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Author : Hubertus Fischer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-14

The Climate In Historical Times written by Hubertus Fischer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-14 with Science categories.

An Introduction to the KIHZ Project The description of the climate system and the quantification of its natural variability and dynamics is essential to assess an ongoing anthropogenic cli mate change and to validate climate and biogeochemical models to allow for reliable projections into the future. Because the spatio-temporal coverage of direct meteorological observations is rather limited, high-resolution and ab solutely dated climate archives represent the only key to a quantification of seasonal to millenial climate variations in the past. Furthermore, climate mod els provide insights into the major processes and causes relevant for climate variability on these time scales. Both approaches represent one side of the same medal, however melting both sides down to one combined effort is often hampered by obstacles defined by the different nature of the approaches. For instance, General Circulation Models (GCMs) per se deal with spatially resolved data representing real climate variables in the model world (such as temperature or precipitation) with each model run reflecting one possible realization of climate history under given boundary conditions. In contrast, the records of natural climate archives are influenced by climate variations as they took place in reality, however, are often representative of local climate conditions only. Moreover, the climate information deduced from natural archives is in nearly all cases based on climate proxies, whose relationship to real climate variables, the so called transfer function, has to be established beforehand.

Quaternary Coral Reef Systems

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Author : Lucien F. Montaggioni
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2009-08-13

Quaternary Coral Reef Systems written by Lucien F. Montaggioni and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-08-13 with Science categories.

This book presents both state-of-the art knowledge from Recent coral reefs (1.8 million to a few centuries old) gained since the eighties, and introduces geologists, oceanographers and environmentalists to sedimentological and paleoecological studies of an ecosystem encompassing some of the world's richest biodiversity. Scleractinian reefs first appeared about 300 million years ago. Today coral reef systems provide some of the most sensitive gauges of environmental change, expressing the complex interplay of chemical, physical, geological and biological factors. The topics covered will include the evolutionary history of reef systems and some of the main reef builders since the Cenozoic, the effects of biological and environmental forces on the zonation of reef systems and the distribution of reef organisms and on reef community dynamics through time, changes in the geometry, anatomy and stratigraphy of reef bodies and systems in relation to changes in sea level and tectonics, the distribution patterns of sedimentary (framework or detrital) facies in relation to those of biological communities, the modes and rates of reef accretion (progradation, aggradation versus backstepping; coral growth versus reef growth), the hydrodynamic forces controlling water circulation through reef structures and their relationship to early diagenetic processes, the major diagenetic processes affecting reef bodies through time (replacement and diddolution, dolomitization, phosphatogenesis), and the record of climate change by both individual coral colonies and reef systems over the Quaternary. * state-of-the-art knowledge from Recent corals reefs* introduction to sedimentological and paleoecological studies of an ecosystems encompassing some of the world's richest biodiversity.* authors are internationally regarded authorities on the subject* trustworthy information