Cognitive Carpentry
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Cognitive Carpentry
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Author : John L. Pollock
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 1995
Cognitive Carpentry written by John L. Pollock and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Computers categories.
A sequel to the author's How to Build a Person, this work builds upon that theoretical groundwork for the implementation of rationality through artificial intelligence. It argues that progress in AI has stalled because of its creators' reliance upon unformulated intuitions about rationality. Instead, the author bases the OSCAR architecture upon an explicit philosophical theory of rationality, encompassing principles of practical cognition, epistemic cognition and defeasible reasoning. One of the results is the first automated defeasible reasoner capable of reasoning in a rich, logical environment.
Cognitive Dynamics
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Author : Eric Dietrich
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-03-05
Cognitive Dynamics written by Eric Dietrich and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-05 with Psychology categories.
Recent work in cognitive science, much of it placed in opposition to a computational view of the mind, has argued that the concept of representation and theories based on that concept are not sufficient to explain the details of cognitive processing. These attacks on representation have focused on the importance of context sensitivity in cognitive processing, on the range of individual differences in performance, and on the relationship between minds and the bodies and environments in which they exist. In each case, models based on traditional assumptions about representation have been assumed to be too rigid to account for the effects of these factors on cognitive processing. In place of a representational view of mind, other formalisms and methodologies, such as nonlinear differential equations (or dynamical systems) and situated robotics, have been proposed as better explanatory tools for understanding cognition. This book is based on the notion that, while new tools and approaches for understanding cognition are valuable, representational approaches do not need to be abandoned in the course of constructing new models and explanations. Rather, models that incorporate representation are quite compatible with the kinds of complex situations being modeled with the new methods. This volume illustrates the power of this explicitly representational approach--labeled "cognitive dynamics"--in original essays by prominent researchers in cognitive science. Each chapter explores some aspect of the dynamics of cognitive processing while still retaining representations as the centerpiece of the explanations of the key phenomena. These chapters serve as an existence proof that representation is not incompatible with the dynamics of cognitive processing. The book is divided into sections on foundational issues about the use of representation in cognitive science, the dynamics of low level cognitive processes (such as visual and auditory perception and simple lexical priming), and the dynamics of higher cognitive processes (including categorization, analogy, and decision making).
Blended Cognition
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Author : Jordi Vallverdú
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-04-12
Blended Cognition written by Jordi Vallverdú and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-12 with Medical categories.
This edited volume is about how unprejudiced approaches to real human cognition can improve the design of AI. It covers many aspects of human cognition and across 12 chapters the reader can explore multiple approaches about the complexities of human cognitive skills and reasoning, always guided by experts from different but complimentary academic fields. A central concept is explained: blended cognition, the natural skill of human beings for combining constantly different heuristics during their several task-solving activities. Something that was sometimes observed like a problem as “bad reasoning”, is now the central key for the understanding of the richness, adaptability and creativity of human cognition. The topic of this book connects in a significant way with the disciplines of psychology, neurology, anthropology, philosophy, logics, engineering, logics, and AI. In a nutshell: understanding better humans for designing better machines. Any person with interests on natural and artificial reasoning should read this book as a primary source of inspiration and a way to achieve a critical thinking on these topics.
Cognitive Processes In Comprehension
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Author : Marcel Adam Just
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1977
Cognitive Processes In Comprehension written by Marcel Adam Just and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Cognition categories.
Why Smart People Can Be So Stupid
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Author : Robert J. Sternberg
language : en
Publisher: Yale University Press
Release Date : 2002-04-01
Why Smart People Can Be So Stupid written by Robert J. Sternberg and has been published by Yale University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-04-01 with Psychology categories.
“A serious attempt to understand a common phenomenon” from the author of The Nature of Human Intelligence (Psychology Today). One need not look far to find breathtaking acts of stupidity committed by people who are smart, or even brilliant. The behavior of clever individuals—from presidents to prosecutors to professors—is at times so amazingly stupid as to seem inexplicable. Why do otherwise intelligent people think and behave in ways so stupid that they sometimes destroy their livelihoods or even their lives? This is an investigation of psychological research to see what it can tell us about stupidity in everyday life. The contributors to the volume—scholars in various areas of human intelligence—present examples of people messing up their lives, and offer insights into the reasons for such behavior. From a variety of perspectives, the contributors discuss: The nature and theory of stupidity How stupidity contributes to stupid behavior Whether stupidity is measurable. While many millions of dollars are spent each year on intelligence research and testing to determine who has the ability to succeed, next to nothing is spent to determine who will make use of their intelligence and not squander it by behaving stupidly. The contributors focus on the neglected side of this discussion, reviewing the full range of theory and research on stupid behavior and analyzing what it tells us about how people can avoid stupidity and its devastating consequences. “Marvelous, devilishly clever, and culturally timely book . . . A fascinating exploration.” —Choice “Easily readable and well referenced . . . May provide just enough momentum for change.” —International Journal of Intelligence
Perspectives On The Nature Of Intellectual Styles
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Author : Dr. Robert J. Sternberg, PhD
language : en
Publisher: Springer Publishing Company
Release Date : 2009-05-22
Perspectives On The Nature Of Intellectual Styles written by Dr. Robert J. Sternberg, PhD and has been published by Springer Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-05-22 with Education categories.
"...provide[s] and in-depth review of intellectual styles...All the contributors provide important information...Each chapter includes extensive references...Summing up: Recommended. Choice Teachers too often assume that student performance levels are based solely on the student's intelligence, effort, and motivation. This book takes a unique perspective, arguing that the difference in students' performance may be nothing more than differences in intellectual styles of learning or thinking. Intellectual styles simply refer to individualized ways of processing information. This stimulating and provocative text integrates the most recent theories and research on intellectual styles. The internationally acclaimed contributors address cutting-edge, controversial issues in the field that have yet to be resolved, including whether certain intellectual styles are better than others, how creativity affects intellectual style, and whether styles are traits or states. Key Features: Distinguishes intellectual styles from other constructs, such as intellectual capacity or effort levels Situates the field of styles within the larger context of the psychological, educational, and business literatures Provides concrete guidelines for researchers, teachers, and employers to apply the concept of intellectual styles to educational and business settings Researchers, teachers, employers, psychologists, and students will find this book to be a fascinating, engaging read, offering a breadth and depth of insight into the nature of intellectual styles.
Designing Adaptive And Personalized Learning Environments
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Author : Kinshuk
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-03-31
Designing Adaptive And Personalized Learning Environments written by Kinshuk and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-31 with Education categories.
Designing Adaptive and Personalized Learning Environments provides a theoretically-based yet practical guide to systematic design processes for learning environments that provide automatic customization of learning and instruction. The book consists of four main sections: In "Introduction and Overview," the concepts of adaptivity and personalization are introduced and explored in detail. In "Theoretical Perspectives with Example Applications," various theoretical concepts underlying adaptive and personalized learning are discussed, including cognitive profiling, content-based adaptivity, exploration-based adaptivity, and mobile and ubiquitous settings. In "Practical Perspectives with Example Applications," the implementation process for adaptive and personalized learning environments is described, followed by application in various contexts. In "Validation and Future Trends," various evaluation techniques for validating the efficiency and efficacy of adaptive and personalized learning systems are discussed. This final section concludes with a discussion of emerging trends in adaptive and personalized learning research. Based on cutting-edge research, Designing Adaptive and Personalized Learning Environments is appropriate as a primary textbook for both undergraduate and graduate courses focused on the design of learning systems, and as a secondary textbook for a variety of courses in programs such as educational technology, instructional design, learning sciences, digital literacy, computer based systems, and STEM content fields.
Contemporary Theories Of Knowledge
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Author : John L. Pollock
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
Release Date : 1999-03-18
Contemporary Theories Of Knowledge written by John L. Pollock and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-03-18 with Science categories.
This exciting new edition of the classic Contemporary Theories of Knowledge has been significantly updated to include analyses of the recent literature in epistemology. In addition, a new case is made for the strong connection between epistemology and artificial intelligence, as Pollock and Cruz argue that a necessary condition for the correctness of any epistemological theory is that it be possible to build an implemented artificial intelligence system on the basis of it. Like the first edition, Contemporary Theories of Knowledge, Second Edition is an excellent teaching tool, introducing the reader to the fundamental issues and approaches in the field of epistemology.
Mind Second Edition
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Author : Paul Thagard
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2005-02-04
Mind Second Edition written by Paul Thagard and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-02-04 with Psychology categories.
Cognitive science approaches the study of mind and intelligence from an interdisciplinary perspective, working at the intersection of philosophy, psychology, artificial intelligence, neuroscience, linguistics, and anthropology. With Mind, Paul Thagard offers an introduction to this interdisciplinary field for readers who come to the subject with very different backgrounds. It is suitable for classroom use by students with interests ranging from computer science and engineering to psychology and philosophy. Thagard's systematic descriptions and evaluations of the main theories of mental representation advanced by cognitive scientists allow students to see that there are many complementary approaches to the investigation of mind. The fundamental theoretical perspectives he describes include logic, rules, concepts, analogies, images, and connections (artificial neural networks). The discussion of these theories provides an integrated view of the different achievements of the various fields of cognitive science. This second edition includes substantial revision and new material. Part I, which presents the different theoretical approaches, has been updated in light of recent work the field. Part II, which treats extensions to cognitive science, has been thoroughly revised, with new chapters added on brains, emotions, and consciousness. Other additions include a list of relevant Web sites at the end of each chapter and a glossary at the end of the book. As in the first edition, each chapter concludes with a summary and suggestions for further reading.
Brain Informatics
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Author : Yiyu Yao
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-08-11
Brain Informatics written by Yiyu Yao and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-08-11 with Computers categories.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Brain Informatics, BI 2010, held in Toronto, China, in August 2010. The 60 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 222 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on cognitive computing; data brain and analysis; neuronal modeling and brain modeling; perception and information processing; learning; cognition-inspired applications; and WICI perspectives on brain informatics.