Convergence To Very Low Fertility In East Asia Processes Causes And Implications
DOWNLOAD eBooks
Download Convergence To Very Low Fertility In East Asia Processes Causes And Implications PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get Convergence To Very Low Fertility In East Asia Processes Causes And Implications book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page
Convergence To Very Low Fertility In East Asia Processes Causes And Implications
DOWNLOAD eBooks
Author : Noriko O. Tsuya
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-03-23
Convergence To Very Low Fertility In East Asia Processes Causes And Implications written by Noriko O. Tsuya and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-23 with Social Science categories.
This book examines the trends, underlying factors, and policy implications of fertility declines in three East Asian countries: Japan, South Korea, and China. In contrast to Western countries that have also experienced fertility declines to below-replacement levels, fertility decline in these East Asian countries is most notable in its rapidity and sheer magnitude. After a rapid decline shortly after the war, in which fertility was halved in one decade from 4.5 children per woman in 1947 to 2.1 in 1957, Japan's fertility started to decline to below-replacement levels in the mid-1970s, reaching 1.3 per woman in the early 2000s. Korea experienced one of the most spectacular declines ever recorded, with fertility falling continuously from very high (6.0 per woman) to a below-replacement level (1.6 per woman) between the early 1960s and mid-1980s, reaching 1.1 per woman in 2005. Similarly, after a dramatic decline from very high to low levels in one decade from the early 1970s to early 1980s, China's fertility reached around 1.5 per woman by 2005. Despite differences in timing, tempo, and scale of fertility declines, dramatic fertility reductions have resulted in extremely rapid population aging and foreshadow a long-term population decline in all three countries. This monograph provides a systematic comparison of fertility transitions in these East Asian countries and discusses the economic, social, and cultural factors that may account for their similarities and differences. After an overview of cultural backgrounds, economic transformations, and the evolution of policies, the trends and age patterns of fertility are examined. The authors then investigate changes in women's marriage and childbearing within marriage, the two major direct determinants of fertility, followed by an analysis of the social and economic factors underlying fertility and nuptiality changes, such as education, women's employment, and gender relations at home.
Convergence To Very Low Fertility In East Asia Processes Causes And Implications
DOWNLOAD eBooks
Author : Noriko O. Tsuya
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-04-04
Convergence To Very Low Fertility In East Asia Processes Causes And Implications written by Noriko O. Tsuya and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-04 with Social Science categories.
This book examines the trends, underlying factors, and policy implications of fertility declines in three East Asian countries: Japan, South Korea, and China. In contrast to Western countries that have also experienced fertility declines to below-replacement levels, fertility decline in these East Asian countries is most notable in its rapidity and sheer magnitude. After a rapid decline shortly after the war, in which fertility was halved in one decade from 4.5 children per woman in 1947 to 2.1 in 1957, Japan's fertility started to decline to below-replacement levels in the mid-1970s, reaching 1.3 per woman in the early 2000s. Korea experienced one of the most spectacular declines ever recorded, with fertility falling continuously from very high (6.0 per woman) to a below-replacement level (1.6 per woman) between the early 1960s and mid-1980s, reaching 1.1 per woman in 2005. Similarly, after a dramatic decline from very high to low levels in one decade from the early 1970s to early 1980s, China's fertility reached around 1.5 per woman by 2005. Despite differences in timing, tempo, and scale of fertility declines, dramatic fertility reductions have resulted in extremely rapid population aging and foreshadow a long-term population decline in all three countries. This monograph provides a systematic comparison of fertility transitions in these East Asian countries and discusses the economic, social, and cultural factors that may account for their similarities and differences. After an overview of cultural backgrounds, economic transformations, and the evolution of policies, the trends and age patterns of fertility are examined. The authors then investigate changes in women's marriage and childbearing within marriage, the two major direct determinants of fertility, followed by an analysis of the social and economic factors underlying fertility and nuptiality changes, such as education, women's employment, and gender relations at home.
Ultra Low Fertility In Pacific Asia
DOWNLOAD eBooks
Author : Paulin Straughan
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2008-09-25
Ultra Low Fertility In Pacific Asia written by Paulin Straughan and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-09-25 with Medical categories.
Japan, Singapore, Taiwan, South Korea and Hong Kong SAR are among the very lowest-fertility countries in the whole world, and even China has reached fertility levels lower than those in many European countries. If these levels continue over long periods East Asia will soon face accelerating population decline in addition the changes in age distributions in such populations raise major new questions for planning of economic and social welfare. This book brings together work by noted experts on the low fertility countries of East Asia with an up-to-date analysis of trends in fertility, what we know about their determinants and consequences, the policy issues and how these are being addressed in the various countries. Its role in bringing together information on policy trends and initiatives of a pro-natalist kind adopted over recent years in these countries is extremely important, as is the fact that the discussion of these pro-natalist policies is set in the context of a thorough analysis of what has driven fertility so low in these countries. Ultra-Low Fertility in Pacific Asia is invaluable to students and scholars of East Asian public and social policy, as well as fertility studies more generally.
The Economic Consequences Of Demographic Change In East Asia
DOWNLOAD eBooks
Author : Takatoshi Ito
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2010-10-15
The Economic Consequences Of Demographic Change In East Asia written by Takatoshi Ito and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-10-15 with Business & Economics categories.
Recent studies show that almost all industrial countries have experienced dramatic decreases in both fertility and mortality rates. This situation has led to aging societies with economies that suffer from both a decline in the working population and a rise in fiscal deficits linked to increased government spending. East Asia exemplifies these trends, and this volume offers an in-depth look at how long-term demographic transitions have taken shape there and how they have affected the economy in the region. The Economic Consequences of Demographic Change in East Asia assembles a group of experts to explore such topics as comparative demographic change, population aging, the rising cost of health care, and specific policy concerns in individual countries. The volume provides an overview of economic growth in East Asia as well as more specific studies on Japan, Korea, China, and Hong Kong. Offering important insights into the causes and consequences of this transition, this book will benefit students, researchers, and policy makers focused on East Asia as well as anyone concerned with similar trends elsewhere in the world.
Low Fertility And Reproductive Health In East Asia
DOWNLOAD eBooks
Author : Naohiro Ogawa
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-10-23
Low Fertility And Reproductive Health In East Asia written by Naohiro Ogawa and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-23 with Social Science categories.
This book provides a unique blend of social and biomedical sciences in the field of low fertility and reproductive health. It offers a significant contribution to understanding the determinants of low fertility mostly in East Asia, including an assessment of the effectiveness of policies that aim to raise fertility. It introduces new analytical tools and methods and shares application of innovative approaches to analyzing cross-sectional and longitudinal survey data and macro socioeconomic data to shed light on changing mechanisms of low fertility in the context of reproductive health. The volume introduces the demographic dividend into the study of fertility, analyzes possible impact of population ageing on the amount of resources allocated to child rearing, i.e. the so called "crowding effect" in social care and public spending between the elderly and children. The book also tests the Low Fertility Trap (LFT) hypothesis, a new important theory regarding fertility trends. The book focuses on East Asia which is numerically large but relatively under-researched with regard to issues covered in various chapters. The relevance of the volume, however, goes beyond countries in East Asia. The book breaks new grounds and reveals little known facts regarding the influence of endocrine disruptors on male fertility through falling sperm counts, the phenomenon of marital sexlessness and about the sexual behavior of adolescents in East Asia.
Perception Of Family And Work In Low Fertility East Asia
DOWNLOAD eBooks
Author : Junji Kageyama
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2023-09-20
Perception Of Family And Work In Low Fertility East Asia written by Junji Kageyama and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-20 with Social Science categories.
This book is the first of its kind to incorporate subjective well-being (SWB) data to comprehensively explore perceptional factors that relate to fertility behavior in East Asia. The advantage of SWB data lies in the accessibility to rich information regarding perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors. With this advantage, the book inquires into the perceptions toward family and work and explores the attitudes that lead to low fertility in the region. To this end, first a comparative analysis with international cross-sectional data is performed and the East Asian characteristics of family and work perceptions are documented. Then, three democracies in the region are focused on—Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan—to investigate the relationships between cultural orientations, work–life balance, and fertility outcomes with panel data. In addition, East Asian results are compared with those in India, which has also been experiencing a rapid transition from a traditional society to an industrial one. The results support the idea that the friction between persistent gender-based role divisions and socioeconomic transformation in East Asia makes it difficult for women to balance family and work, prompting fertility decline to the lowest-low level in the region.
Perception Of Family And Work In Low Fertility East Asia
DOWNLOAD eBooks
Author : Junji Kageyama
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-09-30
Perception Of Family And Work In Low Fertility East Asia written by Junji Kageyama and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-30 with Social Science categories.
This book is the first of its kind to incorporate subjective well-being (SWB) data to comprehensively explore perceptional factors that relate to fertility behavior in East Asia. The advantage of SWB data lies in the accessibility to rich information regarding perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors. With this advantage, the book inquires into the perceptions toward family and work and explores the attitudes that lead to low fertility in the region. To this end, first a comparative analysis with international cross-sectional data is performed and the East Asian characteristics of family and work perceptions are documented. Then, three democracies in the region are focused on—Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan—to investigate the relationships between cultural orientations, work–life balance, and fertility outcomes with panel data. In addition, East Asian results are compared with those in India, which has also been experiencing a rapid transition from a traditional society to an industrial one. The results support the idea that the friction between persistent gender-based role divisions and socioeconomic transformation in East Asia makes it difficult for women to balance family and work, prompting fertility decline to the lowest-low level in the region.
World Population And Human Capital In The Twenty First Century
DOWNLOAD eBooks
Author : Wolfgang Lutz
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017
World Population And Human Capital In The Twenty First Century written by Wolfgang Lutz and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Business & Economics categories.
Condensed into a detailed analysis and a selection of continent-wide datasets, this revised edition of World Population & Human Capital in the Twenty-First Century addresses the role of educational attainment in global population trends and models. Presenting the full chapter text of the original edition alongside a concise selection of data, it summarizes past trends in fertility, mortality, migration, and education, and examines relevant theories to identify key determining factors. Deriving from a global survey of hundreds of experts and five expert meetings on as many continents, World Population & Human Capital in the Twenty-First Century: An Overview emphasizes alternative trends in human capital, new ways of studying ageing and the quantification of alternative population, and education pathways in the context of global sustainable development. It is an ideal companion to the county specific online Wittgenstein Centre Data Explorer.
Journey To Adulthood
DOWNLOAD eBooks
Author : Chin-Chun Yi
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 2023-01-28
Journey To Adulthood written by Chin-Chun Yi and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-28 with Political Science categories.
This book is the first scientific publication on transition to adulthood in East Asia with most chapters utilizing a longitudinal panel dataset of Taiwanese youth from 2000 to 2018 (i.e., from age 14 to 32).
South Korea Under Compressed Modernity
DOWNLOAD eBooks
Author : Kyung-Sup Chang
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2010-04-12
South Korea Under Compressed Modernity written by Kyung-Sup Chang and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-04-12 with Business & Economics categories.
The condensed social change and complex social order governing South Koreans’ life cannot be satisfactorily delineated by relying on West-derived social theories or culturalist arguments. Nor can various globally eye-catching traits of this society in industrial work, education, popular culture, and a host of other areas be analyzed without developing innovative conceptual tools and theoretical frameworks designed to tackle the South Korean uniqueness directly. This book provides a fascinating account of South Korean society and its contemporary transformation. Focusing on the family as the most crucial micro foundation of South Korea’s economic, social, and political life, Chang demonstrates a shrewd insight into the ways in which family relations and family based interests shape the structural and institutional changes ongoing in South Korea today. While the excessive educational pursuit, family-exploitative welfare, gender-biased industrialization, virtual demise of peasantry, and familial industrial governance in this society have been frequently discussed by local and international scholarship, the author innovatively explicates these remarkable trends from an integrative theoretical perspective of compressed modernity. The family-centered social order and everyday life in South Korea are analyzed as components and consequences of compressed modernity. South Korea under Compressed Modernity is an essential read for anyone studying Contemporary Korea or the development of East Asian societies more generally.