Crystals I
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Organic Crystals I Characterization
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Author : Norbert Karl
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Organic Crystals I Characterization written by Norbert Karl and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Lattice defects of organic molecular crystals affect their optical or electrical properties by changing the local energy structure. Lattice defects also playa very important role in the chemical and physical properties, for example, as an active site of a catalyst or an initiating point of a solid state reaction. However, very little has been reported on the defect structure of real organic crystals. In the past ten years it became clear that the origin and the structure of the defects depend on the geometrical and chemical nature of the building units of the crystal, the molecules. Molecular size, form and anisotropy, charge distribution, etc. cause the characteristic structure of the defect. Accordingly, a defect structure found in one compound may not be found in others. The defect structure of an organic crystal cannot be defined solely by the displacement of the molecular center from the normal lattice site. A rotational displacement of a molecule is frequently accompanied by a parallel shift of the molecular center. In addition to the usual geometrical crystallographic defects, chemical defects are important too which originate, for example, from differences in the substitution sites of molecules carrying side groups. In order to reveal such defect structures, direct imaging of molecules by high resolution electron microscopy is the only direct method.
The Encyclopedia Of Crystals New Edition
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Author : Judy Hall
language : en
Publisher: Hachette UK
Release Date : 2017-05-25
The Encyclopedia Of Crystals New Edition written by Judy Hall and has been published by Hachette UK this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-25 with Body, Mind & Spirit categories.
The Encyclopedia of Crystals is organized by colour for easy reference, and the comprehensive index makes finding and identifying crystals effortless. Each entry provides a detailed description of the crystal's source, benefits and associations. In addition, you'll also learn fascinating facts about their properties and origins. If you work with crystals or you simply love everything mysterious and magical about them, then The Encyclopedia of Crystals is an essential addition to your library.
Organic Crystals I
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Author : Norbert Karl
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991-06-06
Organic Crystals I written by Norbert Karl and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-06-06 with categories.
Handbook Of Liquid Crystals Volume 2a
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Author : Dietrich Demus
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-09-22
Handbook Of Liquid Crystals Volume 2a written by Dietrich Demus and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-09-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The Handbook of Liquid Crystals is a unique compendium of knowledge on all aspects of liquid crystals. In over 2000 pages the Handbook provides detailed information on the basic principles of both low- and high-molecular weight materials, as well as the synthesis, characterization, modification, and applications (such as in computer displays or as structural materials) of all types of liquid crystals. The five editors of the Handbook are internationally renowned experts from both industry and academia and have drawn together over 70 leading figures in the field as authors. The four volumes of the Handbook are designed both to be used together or as stand-alone reference sources. Some users will require the whole set, others will be best served with one or two of the volumes. Volume 1 deals with the basic physical and chemical principles of liquid crystals, including structure-property relationships, nomenclature, phase behavior, characterization methods, and general synthesis and application strategies. As such this volume provides an excellent introduction to the field and a powerful learning and teaching tool for graduate students and above. Volumes 2A and 2B concentrate on low-molecular weight materials, for example those typically used in display technology. A high quality survey of the literature is provided along with full details of molecular design strategies, phase characterization and control, and applications development. These volumes are therefore by far the most detailed reference sources on these industrially very important materials, ideally suited for professionals in the field. Volume 3 concentrates on high-molecular weight, or polymeric, liquid crystals, some of which are found in structural applications and others occur as natural products of living systems. A high-quality literature survey is complemented by full detail of the synthesis, processing, analysis, and applications of all important materials classes. This volume is the most comprehensive reference source on these materials, and is therefore ideally suited for professionals in the field.
Liquid Crystals I
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Author : D.M.P. Mingos
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2003-09-04
Liquid Crystals I written by D.M.P. Mingos and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-09-04 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The liquid crystalline state may be identified as a distinct and unique state of matter which is characterised by properties which resemble those of both solids and liquids. It was first recognised in the middle of the last century through the study of nerve myelin and derivatives of cholesterol. The research in the area really gathered momentum, however, when as a result of the pioneering work of Gray in the early 1970's organic compounds exhibiting liquid crystalline properties were shown to be suitable to form the basis of display devices in the electronic products. The study of liquid crystals is truly multidisciplinary and has attached the attention of physicists, biologists, chemists, mathematicians and electronics engineers. It is therefore impossible to cover all these aspects fully in two small volumes and therefore it was decided in view of the overall title of the series to concentrate on the structural and bonding aspects of the subject. The Chapters presented in these two volumes have been organised to cover the following fundamental aspects of the subiect. The calculation of the structures of liquid crystals, an account of their dynamical properties and a discussion of computer simulations of liquid crystalline phases formed by Gay Berne mesogens. The relationships between molecular conformation and packing are analysed in some detail. The crystal structures of liquid crystal mesogens and the importance of their X ray scattering properties for characterisational purposes are discussed.
Crystals
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Author : Charles Bunn
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Crystals written by Charles Bunn and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Science categories.
Crystals: Their Role in Nature and in Science provides the description of the phenomena and concepts and essential facts and ideas in the study of crystals. The book is divided into two parts. Part 1 discusses the growth and various forms of crystals. Under this section, topics on the etymology of the word "crystal", the existence of crystals, how crystals grow, stacking patterns, and various crystal symmetries are presented. Part 2 covers the crystal structure and how it interacts with light and X-rays. This part discusses some strange light effects that some crystals make; the production of beautiful and scientifically significant color patterns; the possible types of space patterns in crystals; and the use of X-ray in finding the details of the internal atomic pattern of crystals. Crystallographers and laymen interested in the study and appreciation of crystals will find the book invaluable.
Crystals
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Author : Jennie Harding
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019-10
Crystals written by Jennie Harding and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-10 with Alternative medicine categories.
A complete guide to collecting and using crystals, covering their meaning, physical characteristics, and healing properties. Crystals divides the earth's most significant minerals into twenty color bands and explores the meaning and healing qualities of each color ray alongside the properties of the stones. A beautiful crystal color directory and crystal gallery profile over one hundred of these extraordinary works of nature. Detailed information on the effect each crystal has on mind, body, and spirit is combined with practical advice on crystal healing
The Mystical World Of Healing Crystals A Metaphysical Guide
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Author : Jennifer J. Barlow
language : en
Publisher: Balboa Press
Release Date : 2016-03-31
The Mystical World Of Healing Crystals A Metaphysical Guide written by Jennifer J. Barlow and has been published by Balboa Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-31 with Body, Mind & Spirit categories.
Hoping to attract the one, or increase your income, to connect to the Angelic Realm? Then you are going to need to increase your knowledge of healing crystals and other metaphysical tools. With the power of energy and intention, allow this magical information to improve your life for the better. The Mystical World of Healing Crystals: A Metaphysical Guide will help transform your life and help your dreams to manifest. Want to protect your home from negative situations or negative energies, then this book is for you! Quickly learn about all the ways to improve your life, spiritually, through metaphysics!
Crystals And Crystallinity In Polymers
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Author : Claudio De Rosa
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2013-08-26
Crystals And Crystallinity In Polymers written by Claudio De Rosa and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-26 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Provides the tools needed to master and apply the fundamentals of polymer crystallography Using core concepts in physics, chemistry, polymer science and engineering, this book sheds new light on the complex field of polymer crystallography, enabling readers to evaluate polymer crystallization data and determine the best methods to use for their investigations. The authors set forth a variety of tested and proven methods for analyzing ordered and disordered structures in polymer crystals, including X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, and microscopy. In addition to the basics, the book explores several advanced and emerging topics in the field such as symmetry breaking, frustration, and the principle of density-driven phase formation. Crystals and Crystallinity in Polymers introduces two new concepts in crystallinity and crystals in synthetic polymers. First, crystallinity in polymeric materials is compatible with the absence of true three-dimensional long-range order. Second, the disorder may be described as a structural feature, using the methods of X-ray scattering and electron diffraction analysis. The book begins by introducing the basic principles and methods for building structural models for the conformation of polymer crystal chains. Next, it covers: Packing of macromolecules in polymer crystals Methods for extracting structural parameters from diffraction data Defects and disorder in polymer crystals Analytical methods for diffuse scattering from disordered polymer structures Crystal habit Influence of crystal defects and structural disorder on the physical and mechanical properties of polymeric materials Crystals and Crystallinity in Polymers examines all the possible types of structural disorder generally present in polymer crystals and describes the influence of each kind of disorder on X-ray and electron diffraction patterns. Its comprehensive, expert coverage makes it possible for readers to learn and apply the fundamentals of polymer crystallography to solve a broad range of problems.
The Complete Book Of Crystals 2021
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Author : Gloria Hinton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021-05-06
The Complete Book Of Crystals 2021 written by Gloria Hinton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-05-06 with categories.
**55% OFF for Bookstores!! LAST DAYS*** THE COMPLETE BOOK OF CRYSTALS 2021 Your Customers Never Stop to Use this Awesome Book! re you still imaging about the healing powers of the crystals or how it works, do not worry yourself any more this guide will teach you all you need to about crystals power and how it works and the uses. Here are the contents of this guide: We can use crystals to identify, enhance and direct energy to a target source. How do I work with crystals? How do I choose the crystals I need? What is crystal treatment? What is a crystal healing session? Six popular crystals. How to choose your crystals? How to use crystals. Where to keep them. Charge your crystals. The best crystals for stressful times. The most common crystal. What can crystals do for me? How do crystals work? How to choose a crystal? How to use crystals. What are crystals used for? What is intention? I have my own crystal. What should I do now? How to use crystals with a positive mantra? What gives individual stones their characteristics? Can the wrong crystal harm me? Using crystals to create peace. Buy it Now and let your customers get addicted to this amazing book!