Cultural Dimensions In Germany And Japan
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Cultural Dimensions In Germany And Japan
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Author : Julia Hangst
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2012-07-02
Cultural Dimensions In Germany And Japan written by Julia Hangst and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07-02 with Business & Economics categories.
Essay from the year 2011 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1,0, Furtwangen University, language: English, abstract: In today’s business society the “increasing importance of global business” (Adler 2008, p. 5) can no longer be ignored. Executives need to be “skilled at working with people from countries other than their own” (Adler 2008, p. 13) because “only those who really understand their foreign colleagues and themselves can achieve success in international business” (Schroll-Machl 2003, p. 9). Geert Hofstede, a Dutch organizational sociologist, conducted a worldwide study on the influence of national cultures on organizational cultures. One of the dimensions he found during his study was uncertainty avoidance. This dimension “deals with a society’s tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity. [...] It indicates to what extent a culture programs its members to feel either uncomfortable or comfortable in unstructured situations. Unstructured situations are novel, unknown, surprising, different from usual. Uncertainty avoiding cultures try to minimize the possibility of such situations by strict laws and rules, safety and security measures.” Moreover they are often guided by the “belief in absolute Truth: there can only be one Truth and we have it. [...] Uncertainty accepting cultures are more tolerant of opinions different from what they are used to; they try to have as few rules as possible” (Hofstede 1994, p. 4). This paper deals with the influence of this uncertainty avoidance dimension and the accompanying appreciation of rules and regulations on doing business in Germany and Japan.
Analysis And Comparison Of German And Japanese Culture With Special Focus On Leadership
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Author : Andreas Schmidt
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2018-08-23
Analysis And Comparison Of German And Japanese Culture With Special Focus On Leadership written by Andreas Schmidt and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-23 with Business & Economics categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2017 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 2,0, University of applied sciences, Munich, language: English, abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyze the differences in business leadership in Germany and Japan, based on widely known and academically respected cultural frameworks. This is particularly important for globally operating firms in order to have the greatest possible success, to motivate the employees, and avoid business failure due to cultural clashes. The intention of chapter 2 is to provide the reader with an understanding of the terms culture and leadership. Furthermore, this chapter focuses on the description and explanation of the cultural theories of Edward T. Hall, Fons Trompenaars and Charles Hampden-Turner, as well as the Globe Study. Chapter 3 focuses on the description of Geert Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory. In order to distinguish the German and Japanese culture and its leadership styles, two selected dimensions of his theory will be applied. At the end of this chapter, both cultures are differentiated again, and it is determined which style of leadership suits to which culture. Finally, the term work in chapter 4 comes to a conclusion that refers to the gained knowledge of the previous chapters.
Cross Cultural Differences Japanese And German Management Styles From The German Perspective
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Author : Markus Richwien
language : en
Publisher: diplom.de
Release Date : 2002-08-07
Cross Cultural Differences Japanese And German Management Styles From The German Perspective written by Markus Richwien and has been published by diplom.de this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-08-07 with Business & Economics categories.
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: As the idea of Japan as a leader in management styles and the mythos 'collectivism' as a key to high quality performance and productivity is still in mind of German managers, this work tries to compare actual leadership styles of Japanese and German managers on the level of cultural dimensions. In the study the sample consisted of 119 persons in middle management positions (82 male and 37 female), 60 persons with work experience in Japan and 59 without experience. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding 52 leadership characteristics (e.g. the ability to assert oneself, to cooperate or to delegate) within five cultural dimensions. Participants then rated the importance of this characteristic for the specific category. Findings of the study showed significant differences in experienced and estimated management styles between the countries as well as significances regarding management traits of the german culture after working in Japan. Inhaltsverzeichnis:Table of Contents: CHAPTER ONE9 1.1INTRODUCTION9 1.2STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM11 1.3RESEARCH QUESTION14 CHAPTER TWO15 2.1INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND ITS CULTURAL CONTEXT15 2.1.1Culture15 2.1.2Cross-cultural Communication22 2.2.2Cross-cultural Management25 2.2.3Significance for Organization29 2.3SUCCESS FACTORS OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS31 2.4CULTURALLY COMPARATIVE MANAGEMENT RESEARCH35 2.4.1Management-oriented Cultural Research36 2.4.2Cultural Dimensions according to Hofstede40 2.4.2.1Dimension of power distance41 2.4.2.2Dimension of collectivism versus individualism43 2.4.2.3Dimension of masculinity versus femininity44 2.4.2.4Dimension of uncertainty avoidance46 2.4.3The Dimension of the Confucian Dynamic47 2.4.4Further Dimensions of Culture51 2.4.4.1Basic dimensions of culture according to Adler52 2.4.4.2Dimensions of culture according to Trompenaars54 2.5THE SOCIO-CULTURAL BACKGROUND OF JAPANESE MANAGERS57 2.5.1Japanese Confucianism58 2.5.2Corporate collectivism: The uchi mentality60 2.5.3Consensus and participation in management63 2.6THE PRESENT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GERMANY AND JAPAN63 2.6.1General and political relationships63 2.6.2The Economic Relationships65 2.6.2.1Relationships to the European Union (EU)65 2.6.2.2Foreign Trade between Germany and Japan66 2.6.2.3Special Features67 2.6.3Cultural Contacts69 2.7LEADERSHIP STYLES70 2.7.1Definition and aspects of leadership70 2.7.2Differencies in the leadership [...]
National Cultural Dimensions According To Geert Hofstede And Their Meaning In Japanese And German Corporate Management
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Author : Irini Varvouzou
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2013-05-16
National Cultural Dimensions According To Geert Hofstede And Their Meaning In Japanese And German Corporate Management written by Irini Varvouzou and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-16 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Communications - Intercultural Communication, grade: 1,7, University of applied sciences, Duisburg, course: Interkulturelle Kompetenzen, language: English, abstract: Cultural differences concerning religion, sex, generation, class, history and values lead to different ways of thinking, feeling and acting. These aspects have not only to be considered when trying to define countries and categorise people, but also when trying to understand organisations. The leadership of each corporation is based on these factors. E.g. when you are trying to define the meaning of success. Japanese companies like Toyota characterise success as quality of their products, satisfaction of their employees and customers. German corporations define profit as success. Organisational structures, corporate goals, personnel policy, suspension of staff, job description, employee suggestion system and salary history differs. Due to globalisation, expansion of the market, mergers and takeovers, companies have to deal with the various numerous of cultures in order to survive in long-term and to remain competitive.
Cross Cultural Differences
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Author : Veronica Wellein
language : en
Publisher: diplom.de
Release Date : 2008-10-24
Cross Cultural Differences written by Veronica Wellein and has been published by diplom.de this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10-24 with Business & Economics categories.
Inhaltsangabe:Introduction: We are living in an internationalized world; global trade keeps increasing and more companies from many countries around the world are going national at an astounding rate. This is a reflection of strong economic growth around the world and the globalization of the economy and corporations. Offices are spread from one continent to another and travel is essential to business. This is the reason why business travel is increasing, states Hubert Joly, president and chief executive officer of CWT. In today s business world, you might well find yourself as an international manager in a foreign subsidiary of an American firm, facing on a daily basis all aspects of international management. Or you could end up at the home office in Germany coordinating operations with foreign affiliates. Or you could travel to countries like Japan or China, negotiating export sales or dealing with suppliers, customers, or franchise parties. Many different kinds of positions are available in the global arena, and training in international and cross-cultural management and negotiation styles is becoming a critical ingredient in moving up to high-level positions in global organizations. In 2006, a record 30.1 million U.S. travelers visited overseas markets, an increase of five percent from 2005. One of the top five overseas markets visited by U.S. travelers in 2006 was Germany. China (if combining travel the PRC and Hong Kong) would have tied as second. Contributing to the new record for outbound travel, seven of the top 20 U.S. outbound destination markets posted records in 2006, including Japan and China. Hundreds of thousands of jobs in the Germany owe their existence and sustainment to business travel. In Germany, the effects of a growing European Union and worldwide business travel create a stable demand for modern transport infrastructures and services. The USA is one of the two most important business travel destinations for the German economy, closely followed by China. Two markets will dominate travel interests in the future: the USA and China. No other countries will be as important for business trips as these two different giants. China's economy still enjoys a huge growing potential although its gross domestic product (GDP) has maintained a double-digit growth for four straight years and hit a new high of 10.7 in the first three quarters of 2006. The growth rate of China's labor productivity stood at 9.5 percent last year, [...]
Hofstede S Six Dimensions Model Of Culture And The Application Of The Model To Four Countries
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2021-08-30
Hofstede S Six Dimensions Model Of Culture And The Application Of The Model To Four Countries written by and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-30 with Social Science categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Cultural Studies - Basics and Definitions, grade: 2,0, University of applied sciences, Düsseldorf (eufom Business School University of Applied Sciences Study Centre Düsseldorf), course: Intercultural Cometencies, language: English, abstract: This thesis deals with individual aspects in which cultures can differ and clarifies the understanding of ‘culture’. In addition, special attention is also paid to the Six-Dimensions Model of Hofstede. This Model is also used to analyse and relate four cultures from different countries. The main focus of this work is on the question of what needs to be considered when dealing with cultural differences. Today’s world is closely connected. People all over the world communicate with each other; People of different origins. This intercultural communication plays a special role in the social as well as in the business world, as business activities have become more intercultural. The steady increase in corporate activities on the world markets over the past decades has led to a shift in corporate culture from a purely national focus to an international orientation. Social contacts between people from different cultures have also become more permanent and intensive. This applies not only to tourist stays abroad, but also to business life. Intercultural cooperation in middle management and among employees is already taken for granted today. For this purpose it is not necessary for the participants to travel abroad.
Transnational Encounters Between Germany And Japan
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Author : Joanne Miyang Cho
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-04-30
Transnational Encounters Between Germany And Japan written by Joanne Miyang Cho and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-30 with History categories.
Showcasing moments of convergence between the German and Japanese cultures towards common points of interest over the last one hundred fifty years, the chapters in this book cover such topics as culture, diplomacy, geography, history, law, literature, philosophy, politics, and sports. From the creation of two similar modern nation-states, to the aggressive struggle for national supremacy and subsequent total defeat in 1945, the necessity of coping with their earlier militarism and parallel economic miracles in the postwar era, Germans and Japanese look back on a remarkably similar past.
Japan And Germany A Comparison
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Author : Georg Fichtner
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2007-06
Japan And Germany A Comparison written by Georg Fichtner and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-06 with categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject Ethnology / Cultural Anthropology, grade: 88%, Venice International University, 26 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: Japan and Germany, two of the most powerful nations in the world, are strongly connected, but still the people in these countries know very few about each other. In this work the reader should get an overview about both countries so that somebody who doesn't hava a good knowledge gets an impression of these countries. In interviews people from both countries were asked what they think about each other, what prejudices they have, how they see the relationship between their countries and which experiences they have made in their own countries. For sure, this can not be seen represantative for all inhabitants, but it gives an impression of the thoughts of younger people in a world, which becomes closer and closer and in which no country can stand isolated. A generalization e.g. "The Germans, or the Japanese do..." isn't adequate, because the scientists cannot say that a whole country behaves equally. Because of the process of globalization it is essential for politicians and managers who work in Japan and reversly to know about the customs in the host country. That is the point, where the work of a modern cultural anthropologist is useful and needed. Imagine a business man from Germany to be in Japan and not knowing why the Japanese bow to greet. Maybe he thinks, the Japanese wants to attack him by running into his stomach? It is difficult to write about a country you have never been to, so the sources are based on the interviewed people, facts written in books and another useful medium is the internet. In order to compare the two countries it is indispensable that the reader knows some facts about the countries. So, in the first part of this paper the aim is to inform the reader about the geographical situation, the political system and the religion in the two countries. The
Hofstede S Six Dimensions Model Of Culture And The Application Of The Model To Four Countries
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Author : Anonym
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021-07-13
Hofstede S Six Dimensions Model Of Culture And The Application Of The Model To Four Countries written by Anonym and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-13 with categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Cultural Studies - Basics and Definitions, grade: 2,0, University of applied sciences, Düsseldorf (eufom Business School University of Applied Sciences Study Centre Düsseldorf), course: Intercultural Cometencies, language: English, abstract: This thesis deals with individual aspects in which cultures can differ and clarifies the understanding of 'culture'. In addition, special attention is also paid to the Six-Dimensions Model of Hofstede. This Model is also used to analyse and relate four cultures from different countries. The main focus of this work is on the question of what needs to be considered when dealing with cultural differences. Today's world is closely connected. People all over the world communicate with each other; People of different origins. This intercultural communication plays a special role in the social as well as in the business world, as business activities have become more intercultural. The steady increase in corporate activities on the world markets over the past decades has led to a shift in corporate culture from a purely national focus to an international orientation. Social contacts between people from different cultures have also become more permanent and intensive. This applies not only to tourist stays abroad, but also to business life. Intercultural cooperation in middle management and among employees is already taken for granted today. For this purpose it is not necessary for the participants to travel abroad.
Hofsteede S Cultural Dimensions
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Author : Elisabeth Luger
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2009-02
Hofsteede S Cultural Dimensions written by Elisabeth Luger and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02 with categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2002 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: A/B, University of Linz (International Management), course: International Management, 5 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: In the globalising world where multinational organisations work across borders the question of cultural differences and mutual understanding seems to be highly relevant and has been discussed by many researches in the last decades. National culture can be viewed as the norms, values and beliefs shared by individuals from a particular nation that distinguish it from other nations (Nov I., Schroll-Machl S. et al. (2001): Interkultur ln komunikace v r zen a podnik n ). Our cultural environment is natural for us but people from other cultures may not be comfortable with it or may not understand. The behaviors that are consistent with the norms of one culture may violate the norms of another like for example: the time that the German account executive expects the Mexican manager to arrive at their 12:30 lunch appointment is 12:30. When the Mexican manager agreed on 12:30, he didn′t know that she would be annoyed by him not arriving or calling before 1:00 (http: //tbs-intranet.tees.ac.uk/international/ccd/ccd_block2.htm,19. 6. 2002). Therefore when we talk about differences between cultures, then we are speaking in generalities. Therefore we should be aware of expectations that every idividual will behave in a manner consistent with those generalizations, because even within cultures, people differ from each other. Why do we study national culture anyway? The study of human behavior and the practice of leadership and management continually require the use of generalizations. It is still worth to search for models that predict human behavior, even if those predictions can′t always be accurate. Some of the most popular models are Hofstede′s Theory and the model of Trompenaars.