National Cultural Dimensions According To Geert Hofstede And Their Meaning In Japanese And German Corporate Management
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International Project Teams Soft Skills Germans Shall Bring In To Be Successful In Japanese Project Teams
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Author : Irini Varvouzou
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2013-05-06
International Project Teams Soft Skills Germans Shall Bring In To Be Successful In Japanese Project Teams written by Irini Varvouzou and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-06 with Business & Economics categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 2,3, FOM Duisburg, course: International Project Management, language: English, abstract: Over the years soft skills become more important when dealing with humans. Those skills will not only be considered by employers in the selection process of a new employee, but are also crucial when trying to successfully accomplish an International Project. The success of a project depends on the cooperation of the project team. Already in national projects misunderstanding and conflicts arise. In international teams this danger is bigger due to cultural differences, which – besides of big distances and different time zones - bear different patterns of thinking and acting, languages, norms and values. An example is a telephone conference between a German and a Japanese staff. The German is informing that he is still waiting for the figures of the last quarter and asking when he will receive them. The Japanese is answering that it will be a little bit difficult. The German is telling that he can understand his situation and points out that he requires the figures by end of this week. The Japanese is answering that he will try. The conclusion of this communication is that the German cannot understand that the Japanese is not able to supply the figures. He feels to be taken not seriously. On the other hand the Japanese cannot understand that the German does not understand that he is not able to supply the requested figures. He feels stalemate and under pressure. That is a typical example of a German-Japanese communication error - the direct versus the indirect communication stile. In German we tend to hear what indeed has been said. Difficult means difficult and is solvable, if you are only willing. In Japan difficult can eventually means difficult, but in the most cases it means infeasible. In order to avoid, handle and solve such cultural differences within International Project teams and thus to ensure a successfully accomplishment of a project the possession of soft skills is getting more and more important in today’s world.
National Cultural Dimensions According To Geert Hofstede And Their Meaning In Japanese And German Corporate Management
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Author : Irini Varvouzou
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2013-05-16
National Cultural Dimensions According To Geert Hofstede And Their Meaning In Japanese And German Corporate Management written by Irini Varvouzou and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-05-16 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Communications - Intercultural Communication, grade: 1,7, University of applied sciences, Duisburg, course: Interkulturelle Kompetenzen, language: English, abstract: Cultural differences concerning religion, sex, generation, class, history and values lead to different ways of thinking, feeling and acting. These aspects have not only to be considered when trying to define countries and categorise people, but also when trying to understand organisations. The leadership of each corporation is based on these factors. E.g. when you are trying to define the meaning of success. Japanese companies like Toyota characterise success as quality of their products, satisfaction of their employees and customers. German corporations define profit as success. Organisational structures, corporate goals, personnel policy, suspension of staff, job description, employee suggestion system and salary history differs. Due to globalisation, expansion of the market, mergers and takeovers, companies have to deal with the various numerous of cultures in order to survive in long-term and to remain competitive.
Cultural Dimensions In Germany And Japan
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Author : Julia Hangst
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2012-07-02
Cultural Dimensions In Germany And Japan written by Julia Hangst and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07-02 with Business & Economics categories.
Essay from the year 2011 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1,0, Furtwangen University, language: English, abstract: In today’s business society the “increasing importance of global business” (Adler 2008, p. 5) can no longer be ignored. Executives need to be “skilled at working with people from countries other than their own” (Adler 2008, p. 13) because “only those who really understand their foreign colleagues and themselves can achieve success in international business” (Schroll-Machl 2003, p. 9). Geert Hofstede, a Dutch organizational sociologist, conducted a worldwide study on the influence of national cultures on organizational cultures. One of the dimensions he found during his study was uncertainty avoidance. This dimension “deals with a society’s tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity. [...] It indicates to what extent a culture programs its members to feel either uncomfortable or comfortable in unstructured situations. Unstructured situations are novel, unknown, surprising, different from usual. Uncertainty avoiding cultures try to minimize the possibility of such situations by strict laws and rules, safety and security measures.” Moreover they are often guided by the “belief in absolute Truth: there can only be one Truth and we have it. [...] Uncertainty accepting cultures are more tolerant of opinions different from what they are used to; they try to have as few rules as possible” (Hofstede 1994, p. 4). This paper deals with the influence of this uncertainty avoidance dimension and the accompanying appreciation of rules and regulations on doing business in Germany and Japan.
Japanese Cultural Concepts And Business Practices As A Basis For Management And Commerce Recommendations
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Author : Nicole Hein
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2011-12-06
Japanese Cultural Concepts And Business Practices As A Basis For Management And Commerce Recommendations written by Nicole Hein and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-12-06 with Business & Economics categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1,3, Stuttgart Media University, course: Interkulturelles Management, language: English, abstract: From the moment we are born, our environment influences us in the way we think, act, and feel. Our parents and siblings, friends and superiors, even acquaintances and strangers teach us what is socially acceptable and expected behavior so that we are able to fit in with our peers, colleagues and fellow citizens. This “mental software” usually stays with us and evolves throughout our whole life, coloring our every word, thought, and action. It differs from our human nature and our personality in the way that it is neither genetically programmed into us, nor uniquely ours. We usually refer to it as ‘culture’. According to Dutch researcher Geert Hofstede, culture is “the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one group or category of people from another.” Of course, we usually are part of many different groups at once – maybe we belong to a sports team or company, a confraternity or a club, a family or a special circle of friends – all of which have different values, rituals and expectations. This leads to “people usually carry[ing] several layers of mental programming within themselves, corresponding to different levels of culture.” However, while we join some groups voluntarily, we are born into others – like our family and nationality – and therefore cannot revoke our membership and the expectations that go with it. So while we voluntarily accept one culture’s rules and idiosyncrasies because we want to, we might accept another’s merely because they were drilled into us since we were children. By name, these differing dynamics can be referred to as national and organizational culture. An extensive research project conducted by Hofstede in the 1970s, during which employees of a large multinational corporation in 64 countries were questioned, was supposed to reveal the intricacies of national culture. The following paper will first take a closer look at Hofstede’s 5D-model as a basis for understanding the cultural intricacies foreigners need to be aware of when dealing with other nations, in particular with the state of Japan. After shining light on the dimensions defined by Hofstede, those peculiarities of the Japanese culture that are of special importance when doing business with the nation, with an emphasis on major concepts of thinking and acting, as well as everyday behavioral tips, will be presented.
Analysis And Comparison Of German And Japanese Culture With Special Focus On Leadership
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Author : Andreas Schmidt
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2018-08-23
Analysis And Comparison Of German And Japanese Culture With Special Focus On Leadership written by Andreas Schmidt and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-23 with Business & Economics categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2017 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 2,0, University of applied sciences, Munich, language: English, abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyze the differences in business leadership in Germany and Japan, based on widely known and academically respected cultural frameworks. This is particularly important for globally operating firms in order to have the greatest possible success, to motivate the employees, and avoid business failure due to cultural clashes. The intention of chapter 2 is to provide the reader with an understanding of the terms culture and leadership. Furthermore, this chapter focuses on the description and explanation of the cultural theories of Edward T. Hall, Fons Trompenaars and Charles Hampden-Turner, as well as the Globe Study. Chapter 3 focuses on the description of Geert Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory. In order to distinguish the German and Japanese culture and its leadership styles, two selected dimensions of his theory will be applied. At the end of this chapter, both cultures are differentiated again, and it is determined which style of leadership suits to which culture. Finally, the term work in chapter 4 comes to a conclusion that refers to the gained knowledge of the previous chapters.
Cultural Dimensions The Five Dimensions Model According To Geert Hofstede
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Author : Anja Dellner
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2014-09-03
Cultural Dimensions The Five Dimensions Model According To Geert Hofstede written by Anja Dellner and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-09-03 with Social Science categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Cultural Studies - Basics and Definitions, grade: 1,3, Dresden Technical University, language: English, abstract: Be it in the business world, as a traveller, trying to master a foreign language, or to teach it, nowadays we meet people of foreign cultures more frequently than this was the case just 50 or even 100 years ago. Even though linguistic difficulties are often surmountable through English as lingua franca, meeting people from cultures we are unfamiliar with bears the potential for many misunderstandings. These in turn quite often lead to lack of understanding, conflict, even political disaster, like in 2005 with the Danish caricature scandal involving the newspaper Jyllands Posten, when a fundamentalist Muslim cleric from Egypt living in Denmark felt offended and ridiculed in his religious beliefs by caricatures featuring Mohammed. The Islamic world thereby rallied to the case, and did not only react with outrage and boycott, but with violent attacks, in the course of which 140 people lost their lives and several hundred were injured. Milder reactions, like rejection and hidden resentment are, however, the more common outcomes due to intercultural misunderstandings. How otherwise would there be stereotypes mostly carrying negative connotations, like the obedient Chinese, the superficial American, or the super-punctual German lacking humor? The Dutch anthropologist and cultural scientist Geert Hofstede suggests that the reason for such misunderstandings is a culturally divergent, often concealed moral concept with a direct impact on human actions and thinking. Hofstede has devoted himself to this issue and has developed a model based on a long-time study, elucidating peculiarities of and differences between national cultures in comparison. Thereby Hofstede classified national cultures according to five pillars, also called dimensions, which dependent on the nation vary markedly and in his study are set in relation to each other. The subject and the goal of this assignment is to present the main features of Hofstede’s Model of the Five Dimensions of National Cultures. Following, the practical applicability of this model is briefly discussed.
Comparison Of Germany China On The Basis Of Geert Hofstede S Dimensions Of National Culture
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Author : Madeline Gremme
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2015-05-21
Comparison Of Germany China On The Basis Of Geert Hofstede S Dimensions Of National Culture written by Madeline Gremme and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-05-21 with Social Science categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2013 in the subject Sociology - Culture, Technology, Peoples / Nations, grade: 3,0, University of applied sciences Dortmund, course: Interkulturelle Kompetenzen, language: English, abstract: Coming across the term culture it is most certain that people tend to think immediately of the picture they have already created in mind towards the other culture. Comparing east to west while talking to other people within my family and my class I got usually the same answers: “China – isn’t it the country were lots of people live like ants, drinking tea and eating almost everything, mostly rice and even your dog – with chopsticks, driving with their bicycle through the streets smiling all the time; no matter what weather they have?” Unfortunately I do not know any Chinese people but the prejudices about Germany are widely known. Germany is the country with less people than China. Germans love to grump about the weather when it is raining, they love to drink beer and eat Bavarian veal sausages. In fact the prejudices of Germany mostly deal with the Bavarian part of Germany leaving the impression within peoples mind that all Germans are wearing a Dirndl all day and are distinct individuals. Having a look at the above mentioned images, illustrating people’s usual thoughts of the other culture towards a certain topic it is more a generalized attitude towards a certain country or culture. Today people define the term culture very differently. If they are asked “What does the term culture mean?” we can hardly get exact answers. In fact culture can be expressed in different ways. It can be seen in the language of a country, in its history and art but also in food, music and education. These things are all visible for our eyes but what about cultural behavior and ways of thinking? How do different cultures express their emotions and how are they living together? All these factors in one are illustrating a certain view on a culture for us.
Cross Cultural Differences Japanese And German Management Styles From The German Perspective
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Author : Markus Richwien
language : en
Publisher: diplom.de
Release Date : 2002-08-07
Cross Cultural Differences Japanese And German Management Styles From The German Perspective written by Markus Richwien and has been published by diplom.de this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-08-07 with Business & Economics categories.
Inhaltsangabe:Abstract: As the idea of Japan as a leader in management styles and the mythos 'collectivism' as a key to high quality performance and productivity is still in mind of German managers, this work tries to compare actual leadership styles of Japanese and German managers on the level of cultural dimensions. In the study the sample consisted of 119 persons in middle management positions (82 male and 37 female), 60 persons with work experience in Japan and 59 without experience. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding 52 leadership characteristics (e.g. the ability to assert oneself, to cooperate or to delegate) within five cultural dimensions. Participants then rated the importance of this characteristic for the specific category. Findings of the study showed significant differences in experienced and estimated management styles between the countries as well as significances regarding management traits of the german culture after working in Japan. Inhaltsverzeichnis:Table of Contents: CHAPTER ONE9 1.1INTRODUCTION9 1.2STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM11 1.3RESEARCH QUESTION14 CHAPTER TWO15 2.1INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND ITS CULTURAL CONTEXT15 2.1.1Culture15 2.1.2Cross-cultural Communication22 2.2.2Cross-cultural Management25 2.2.3Significance for Organization29 2.3SUCCESS FACTORS OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS31 2.4CULTURALLY COMPARATIVE MANAGEMENT RESEARCH35 2.4.1Management-oriented Cultural Research36 2.4.2Cultural Dimensions according to Hofstede40 2.4.2.1Dimension of power distance41 2.4.2.2Dimension of collectivism versus individualism43 2.4.2.3Dimension of masculinity versus femininity44 2.4.2.4Dimension of uncertainty avoidance46 2.4.3The Dimension of the Confucian Dynamic47 2.4.4Further Dimensions of Culture51 2.4.4.1Basic dimensions of culture according to Adler52 2.4.4.2Dimensions of culture according to Trompenaars54 2.5THE SOCIO-CULTURAL BACKGROUND OF JAPANESE MANAGERS57 2.5.1Japanese Confucianism58 2.5.2Corporate collectivism: The uchi mentality60 2.5.3Consensus and participation in management63 2.6THE PRESENT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GERMANY AND JAPAN63 2.6.1General and political relationships63 2.6.2The Economic Relationships65 2.6.2.1Relationships to the European Union (EU)65 2.6.2.2Foreign Trade between Germany and Japan66 2.6.2.3Special Features67 2.6.3Cultural Contacts69 2.7LEADERSHIP STYLES70 2.7.1Definition and aspects of leadership70 2.7.2Differencies in the leadership [...]
Hofsteede S Cultural Dimensions
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Author : Elisabeth Luger
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2009-02
Hofsteede S Cultural Dimensions written by Elisabeth Luger and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02 with categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2002 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: A/B, University of Linz (International Management), course: International Management, 5 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: In the globalising world where multinational organisations work across borders the question of cultural differences and mutual understanding seems to be highly relevant and has been discussed by many researches in the last decades. National culture can be viewed as the norms, values and beliefs shared by individuals from a particular nation that distinguish it from other nations (Nov I., Schroll-Machl S. et al. (2001): Interkultur ln komunikace v r zen a podnik n ). Our cultural environment is natural for us but people from other cultures may not be comfortable with it or may not understand. The behaviors that are consistent with the norms of one culture may violate the norms of another like for example: the time that the German account executive expects the Mexican manager to arrive at their 12:30 lunch appointment is 12:30. When the Mexican manager agreed on 12:30, he didn′t know that she would be annoyed by him not arriving or calling before 1:00 (http: //tbs-intranet.tees.ac.uk/international/ccd/ccd_block2.htm,19. 6. 2002). Therefore when we talk about differences between cultures, then we are speaking in generalities. Therefore we should be aware of expectations that every idividual will behave in a manner consistent with those generalizations, because even within cultures, people differ from each other. Why do we study national culture anyway? The study of human behavior and the practice of leadership and management continually require the use of generalizations. It is still worth to search for models that predict human behavior, even if those predictions can′t always be accurate. Some of the most popular models are Hofstede′s Theory and the model of Trompenaars.
Hofstede S Six Dimensions Model Of Culture And The Application Of The Model To Four Countries
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2021-08-30
Hofstede S Six Dimensions Model Of Culture And The Application Of The Model To Four Countries written by and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-08-30 with Social Science categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Cultural Studies - Basics and Definitions, grade: 2,0, University of applied sciences, Düsseldorf (eufom Business School University of Applied Sciences Study Centre Düsseldorf), course: Intercultural Cometencies, language: English, abstract: This thesis deals with individual aspects in which cultures can differ and clarifies the understanding of ‘culture’. In addition, special attention is also paid to the Six-Dimensions Model of Hofstede. This Model is also used to analyse and relate four cultures from different countries. The main focus of this work is on the question of what needs to be considered when dealing with cultural differences. Today’s world is closely connected. People all over the world communicate with each other; People of different origins. This intercultural communication plays a special role in the social as well as in the business world, as business activities have become more intercultural. The steady increase in corporate activities on the world markets over the past decades has led to a shift in corporate culture from a purely national focus to an international orientation. Social contacts between people from different cultures have also become more permanent and intensive. This applies not only to tourist stays abroad, but also to business life. Intercultural cooperation in middle management and among employees is already taken for granted today. For this purpose it is not necessary for the participants to travel abroad.