Debating Rationality
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Debating Rationality
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Author : Jennifer J. Halpern
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2018-10-18
Debating Rationality written by Jennifer J. Halpern and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-18 with Business & Economics categories.
Decision makers strive to be rational. Traditionally, rational decisions maximize an appropriate return. The contributors to this book challenge the common assumption that good decisions must be rational in this economic sense. They emphasize that the decision-making process is influenced by social, organizational, and psychological considerations as well as by economic concerns. Relationships, time pressure, external demands for specific types of performance, contractual expectations, human biases, and reactions to unfair treatment alter the decision-making context and the resulting decision outcomes.
The Social Construction Of Rationality
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Author : Onno Bouwmeester
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-03-16
The Social Construction Of Rationality written by Onno Bouwmeester and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-16 with Business & Economics categories.
There are many different forms of rationality. In current economic discourse the main focus is on instrumental rationality and optimizing, while organization scholars, behavioural economists and policy scientists focus more on bounded rationality and satisficing. The interplay with value rationality or expressive rationality is mainly discussed in philosophy and sociology, but never in an empirical way. This book shows that not one, but three different forms of rationality (subjective, social and instrumental) determine the final outcomes of strategic decisions executed by major organizations. Based on an argumentation analysis of six high-profile public debates, this book adds nuance to the concept of bounded rationality. The chapters show how it is socially constructed, and thus dependent on shared beliefs or knowledge, institutional context and personal interests. Three double case studies investigating the three rationalities illustrate how decision makers and stakeholders discuss the appropriateness of these rationalities for making decisions in different practice contexts. The first touches more on personal concerns, like wearing a niqab or looking at obscene art exposed in a public environment; the second investigates debates on improving the rights and position of specific minorities; and the third is based on the agreement on instrumental reasons for two kinds of investments, but the cost arguments are regarded less relevant when social norms or personal interests are violated. The Social Construction of Rationality is for those who study political economy, economic psychology and public policy, as well as economic theory and philosophy.
Without Good Reason
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Author : Edward Stein
language : en
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Release Date : 1996-01-11
Without Good Reason written by Edward Stein and has been published by Clarendon Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-01-11 with Philosophy categories.
Are humans rational? Various experiments performed over the last several decades have been interpreted as showing that humans are irrational—we make significant and consistent errors in logical reasoning, probabilistic reasoning, similarity judgements, and risk-assessment, to name a few areas. But can these experiments establish human irrationality, or is it a conceptual truth that humans must be rational, as various philosophers have argued? In this book, Edward Stein offers a clear critical account of this debate about rationality in philosophy and cognitive science. He discusses concepts of rationality—the pictures of rationality that the debate centres on—and assesses the empirical evidence used to argue that humans are irrational. He concludes that the question of human rationality must be answered not conceptually but empirically, using the full resources of an advanced cognitive science. Furthermore, he extends this conclusion to argue that empirical considerations are also relevant to the theory of knowledge—in other words, that epistemology should be naturalized.
Argumentation And Rational Debating
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Author : Robert C. Dick
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1974
Argumentation And Rational Debating written by Robert C. Dick and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1974 with Debates and debating categories.
Decisionmaking On War And Peace
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Author : Nehemia Geva
language : en
Publisher: Lynne Rienner Publishers
Release Date : 1997
Decisionmaking On War And Peace written by Nehemia Geva and has been published by Lynne Rienner Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Political Science categories.
Reviewing, comparing, and contrasting models of foreign policy, this volume focuses on the cognitive vs rational debate about decisionmaking on war and peace. It provides alternative models of foreign policy choice and identifies when one strategy is more appropriate than another.
Moderating The Debate
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Author : Michael J. Feuer
language : en
Publisher: Harvard Education Press
Release Date : 2006-01-01
Moderating The Debate written by Michael J. Feuer and has been published by Harvard Education Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-01 with Education categories.
Moderating the Debate is a major statement on education research, policy, and reform that will be required reading for everyone with a stake in improving America's schools. This eloquent book examines the complex—and often problematic—relations between education research, policy, and practice, and proposes ways to improve those relationships in the interest of meaningful education reform. Based on the Burton and Inglis Lectures, which Michael Feuer delivered at the Harvard Graduate School of Education in 2004 and 2005, the book begins with an examination of how recent developments in cognitive science have fundamentally changed the way we understand human decisionmaking and rational judgment. It then proceeds to a consideration of how the lessons of cognitive science might inform a more rational—and reasonable—approach to education research, policy, and reform. Moving deftly and with great insight through the worlds of education research and policymaking, Feuer offers practical solutions to the impasses and disconnections that have chronically thwarted workable, sustained education reform.
The Social Construction Of Rationality
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Author : Onno Bouwmeester
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2017-03-16
The Social Construction Of Rationality written by Onno Bouwmeester and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-16 with Business & Economics categories.
There are many different forms of rationality. In current economic discourse the main focus is on instrumental rationality and optimizing, while organization scholars, behavioural economists and policy scientists focus more on bounded rationality and satisficing. The interplay with value rationality or expressive rationality is mainly discussed in philosophy and sociology, but never in an empirical way. This book shows that not one, but three different forms of rationality (subjective, social and instrumental) determine the final outcomes of strategic decisions executed by major organizations. Based on an argumentation analysis of six high-profile public debates, this book adds nuance to the concept of bounded rationality. The chapters show how it is socially constructed, and thus dependent on shared beliefs or knowledge, institutional context and personal interests. Three double case studies investigating the three rationalities illustrate how decision makers and stakeholders discuss the appropriateness of these rationalities for making decisions in different practice contexts. The first touches more on personal concerns, like wearing a niqab or looking at obscene art exposed in a public environment; the second investigates debates on improving the rights and position of specific minorities; and the third is based on the agreement on instrumental reasons for two kinds of investments, but the cost arguments are regarded less relevant when social norms or personal interests are violated. The Social Construction of Rationality is for those who study political economy, economic psychology and public policy, as well as economic theory and philosophy.
Rhetoric Reason And Society
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Author : George Myerson
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 1994
Rhetoric Reason And Society written by George Myerson and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Philosophy categories.
This fascinating work examines some of the major arguments about modernity, culture and rationality that have emerged from recent debates on critical theory, liberal theory, the self, postmodernity, dialogic rationalism, ethics and argument. What is the relationship between knowledge, expertise and participatory dialogue? How is the `good life' connected to rationality? In what way is thinking dialogical and rhetorical? This original and lucid text addresses these and other questions, offering a broad-ranging synthesis of diverse theories to show how reason, dialogue and communication are inextricably linked. Myerson provides a sustained discussion of contemporary theories concerning models of rational dial
The Edge Of Reason
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Author : Julian Baggini
language : en
Publisher: Yale University Press
Release Date : 2016-09-22
The Edge Of Reason written by Julian Baggini and has been published by Yale University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-09-22 with Philosophy categories.
An urgent defense of reason, the essential method for resolving—or even discussing—divisive issues: “A timely masterpiece.”—Patricia S. Churchland, author of Touching a Nerve Reason, long held as the highest human achievement, is under siege. According to Aristotle, the capacity for reason sets us apart from other animals, yet today it has ceased to be a universally admired faculty. Rationality and reason have become political, disputed concepts, subject to easy dismissal. Julian Baggini argues eloquently that we must recover our reason and reassess its proper place, neither too highly exalted nor completely maligned. Rationality does not require a cold, sterile worldview—it simply involves the application of critical thinking wherever thinking is needed. Addressing such major areas of debate as religion, science, politics, psychology, and economics, the author calls for commitment to the notion of a “community of reason,” where disagreements are settled by debate and discussion, not brute force or political power. Baggini’s insightful book celebrates the power of reason, our best hope—indeed our only hope—for dealing with the intractable quagmires of our time. “The toxic gloating of ‘gut feelings,’ hateful politics and heart-over-head attacks on good sense urgently need an antidote. Baggini has risen to the occasion…compelling.”—Patricia S. Churchland, author of Conscience: The Origins of Moral Intuition
Approaches To Legal Rationality
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Author : Dov M. Gabbay
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-10-04
Approaches To Legal Rationality written by Dov M. Gabbay and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-10-04 with Law categories.
Legal theory, political sciences, sociology, philosophy, logic, artificial intelligence: there are many approaches to legal argumentation. Each of them provides specific insights into highly complex phenomena. Different disciplines, but also different traditions in disciplines (e.g. analytical and continental traditions in philosophy) find here a rare occasion to meet. The present book contains contributions, both historical and thematic, from leading researchers in several of the most important approaches to legal rationality. One of the main issues is the relation between logic and law: the way logic is actually used in law, but also the way logic can make law explicit. An outstanding group of philosophers, logicians and jurists try to meet this issue. The book is more than a collection of papers. However different their respective conceptual tools may be, the authors share a common conception: legal argumentation is a specific argumentation context.