Decomposing World Income Distribution
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Decomposing World Income Distribution
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Author : Branko Milanovi?
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2001
Decomposing World Income Distribution written by Branko Milanovi? and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Equality categories.
In Asia inequality in income between countries is more important than inequality within countries. In Africa, Latin America, and Western Europe and North America, by contrast, there are only small differences between countries; inequality within countries is more important. And when countries are divided in three groups by income level, there is little overlap, very few people in developing countries have incomes in the range of those in the rich countries.
Decomposing World Income Distribution
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Author : Branko Milanovic
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Decomposing World Income Distribution written by Branko Milanovic and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Using national income and expenditure distribution data from 119 countries, the authors decompose total income inequality between the individuals in the world, by continent and by region(countries grouped by income level). They use a Gini decomposition that allows for an exact breakdown (without a residual term) of the overall Gini by recipients. Looking first at income inequality in income between countries is more important than inequality within countries. Africa, Latin America, and Western Europe and North America are quite homogeneous continent, with small differences between countries (so that most of the inequality on these continents is explained by inequality within countries). Next the authors divide the world into three groups: the rich G7 countries (and those with similar income levels), the less developed countries (those with per capita income less than or equal to Brazil's), and the middle-income countries (those with per capita income between Brazil's and Italy's). They find little overlap between such groups - very few people in developing countries have incomes in the range of those in the rich countries.
Decomposing Changes In Income Inequality Into Vertical And Horizontal Redistribution And Reranking With Applications To China And Vietnam
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2005
Decomposing Changes In Income Inequality Into Vertical And Horizontal Redistribution And Reranking With Applications To China And Vietnam written by and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
Re Interpreting Sub Group Inequality Decompositions
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2005
Re Interpreting Sub Group Inequality Decompositions written by and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Between-Group Inequality categories.
Abstract: The authors propose a modification to the conventional approach of decomposing income inequality by population sub-groups. Specifically, they propose a measure that evaluates observed between-group inequality against a benchmark of maximum between-group inequality that can be attained when the number and relative sizes of groups under examination are fixed. The authors argue that such a modification can provide a complementary perspective on the question of whether a particular population breakdown is salient to an assessment of inequality in a country. As their measure normalizes between-group inequality by the number and relative sizes of groups, it is also less subject to problems of comparability across different settings. The authors show that for a large set of countries their assessment of the importance of group differences typically increases substantially on the basis of this approach. The ranking of countries (or different population groups) can also differ from that obtained using traditional decomposition methods. Finally, they observe an interesting pattern of higher levels of overall inequality in countries where their measure finds higher between-group contributions.
Understanding Changes In Poverty
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Author : Gabriela Inchauste
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2014-08-29
Understanding Changes In Poverty written by Gabriela Inchauste and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-29 with Business & Economics categories.
The 2015 Millennium Development Goal to reduce by 50 percent the share of the world's population living in extreme poverty was met early. The number of individuals in developing countries who live in extreme poverty had decreased from 43 percent in 1990 to 21 percent by 2010. Yet, with 1.2 billion people still struggling today, we have a long way to go. What can we learn from the recent success of reducing extreme poverty? Understanding Changes in Poverty brings together different methods to decompose the contributions to poverty reduction. A simple approach quantifies the contribution of changes in demographics, employment, earnings, public transfers, and remittances to poverty reduction. A more complex approach quantifies the contributions to poverty reduction from changes in individual and household characteristics, including changes in the sectoral, occupational, and educational structure of the workforce, as well as changes in the returns to individual and household characteristics. Understanding Changes in Poverty implements these approaches and finds that labor income growth--that is, growth in income per worker rather than an increase in the number of employed workers--was the largest contributor to moderate poverty reduction in 21 countries experiencing substantial reductions in poverty over the past decade. Changes in demographics, public transfers, and remittances helped, but made relatively smaller contributions to poverty reduction. Further decompositions in three countries find that labor income grew mainly because of higher returns to human capital endowments, signaling increases in productivity, higher relative price of labor, or both. Understanding Changes in Poverty will be of particular relevance to development practitioners interested in better understanding distributional changes over time. The methods and tools presented in this book can also be applied to better understand changes in inequality or any other distributional change.
True World Income Distribution 1988 And 1993
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Author : Branko Milanovi?
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1999
True World Income Distribution 1988 And 1993 written by Branko Milanovi? and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Equality categories.
"Inequality in world income is very high, according to household surveys, more because of differences between mean country incomes than because of inequality within countries. World inequality increased between 1988 and 1993, driven by slower growth in rural per capita incomes in populous Asian countries (Bangladesh, China, and India) than in large, rich OECD countries, and by increasing income differences between urban China on the one hand and rural China and rural India on the other"--Cover.
Global Income Inequality
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Author : Branko Milanovi?
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2006
Global Income Inequality written by Branko Milanovi? and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Equality categories.
"The paper presents a nontechnical summary of the current state of debate on the measurement and implications of global inequality (inequality between citizens of the world). It discusses the relationship between globalization and global inequality. And it shows why global inequality matters and proposes a scheme for global redistribution. "--World Bank web site.
Inequality And Poverty In Malaysia
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Author : Sudhir Anand
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1983
Inequality And Poverty In Malaysia written by Sudhir Anand and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Business & Economics categories.
A sophisticated account of income equalities and poverty in Malaysia which will be of particular interest to policy makers. A range of issues is covered -- from data problems to conceptural questions arising with respect to measurement.
Intercountry Income Inequality
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Author : Amnon Levy-Livermore
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Intercountry Income Inequality written by Amnon Levy-Livermore and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Income distribution categories.
Growth With Inequality
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Author : Jinjun Xue
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2012
Growth With Inequality written by Jinjun Xue and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Business & Economics categories.
In the era of globalization and liberalization, the world is enjoying high growth as well as suffering from the ill-effects of unequal distribution of its economic outcomes. The activities of anti-government demonstrations in China and across the world via the Occupy Wall Street Movement highlight that inequality has become an international phenomenon. It is apparent in both poor countries under authoritarianism and rich countries governed by a democratic regime. Thus, inequality has become not only a hurdle to development but also a threat to social and political stability. The spread of the Jasmine Revolution across parts of North Africa and the Arab Spring are illustrative of what can happen under certain circumstances.This book confirms the inconsistencies between high growth and increasing inequality via a series of case studies across 11 countries, numerous regions, and OECD members. Many of the case studies draw upon original household surveys. Our findings indicate the seriousness of income inequality, explore factors that have caused the inequality and analyze their economic and social consequences.The book raises, and deals with, three key questions: (1) Can high growth reduce inequality gradually? (2) Can government intervention be effective in equalizing income distribution? (3) Is the income disparity an engine for, or an obstacle of, high growth?