Design For Military Operations

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Design For Military Operations

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989

Design For Military Operations written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Armed Forces categories.

Incorporating Army Design Methodology Into Army Operations

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Author : Anna P. Grome
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
Release Date : 2012-09-15

Incorporating Army Design Methodology Into Army Operations written by Anna P. Grome and has been published by Createspace Independent Pub this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-15 with History categories.

With the March 2010 publication of FM 5-0, The Operations Process, the U.S. Army formally introduced Design into its doctrine. Design is defined in FM 5-0 as “a methodology for applying critical and creative thinking to understand, visualize, and describe complex, ill-structured problems and develop approaches to solve them” (Headquarters; Department of the Army, 2010) p. 3-1). The intent of Design is to help Commanders respond more adeptly to interactively complex, dynamic, and novel situations. It emphasizes using collaborative discourse to develop a holistic understanding of a problem space so that the appropriate solution becomes apparent. Though many people contend that successful Commanders have always engaged in Design-type activity, the codification of Design in doctrine nonetheless represents a significant organizational change for the Army. Organizational change efforts are often met with resistance, and the intended benefits of the change may go unrealized. Introducing an innovation, even when it is arguably an improvement over current practice, does not assure successful adoption of the innovation. A host of challenges that are often unrelated to the technical merits of new ideas can undermine successful implementation. The goal of this research effort was to illuminate the issues associated with introducing Design into the U.S. Army. A primary focus of the project was to identify and document significant organizational barriers to integration and operational use of Design. The research team also developed recommendations for steps the Army can take to address the challenges and facilitate the assimilation of Design into operations. The research team conducted three main tasks to identify significant obstacles to incorporating Design into operations. The first task was a literature review, focusing on military publications, doctrine, Combined Arms Center (CAC) blog posts, literature from the field of cognitive psychology, and literature from the field of organizational change. The second task was to conduct interviews with a variety of subject-matter experts, including those who teach Design, those who have received formal education in Design, and those who have applied Design-type activities in the field. The third task consisted of analysis and synthesis of the data, and development of recommendations. Although aspects of these findings have been documented elsewhere, there are currently no sources that address a comprehensive collection of barriers to adopting Design in the Army, nor that offer strategies for facilitating integration. Thus, this report offers a comprehensive account of the range of challenges affecting institutionalization of Design in the Army, in addition to suggestions for mitigating them. Recommendations are organized around the following topics: promoting Design within the Army, accumulating an evidence base, educating/instructing Design, rewards and incentives, facilitating the link to practice, and future research. The authors believe that awareness of the barriers and attention to strategies for addressing them will enhance the likelihood of effectively infusing Design into the way the Army does business. The findings of this research can benefit a variety of stakeholders, including Army leaders who are communicating and educating forces on the concept of Design and its application, doctrine authors who will be evolving the concept of Design in future iterations of doctrine, and Commanders and planning staff who are implementing Design in military operations. The findings may also be useful for those seeking insight into future research needs.

Design Thinking In Commerce And War

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Author : Aaron P. Jackson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020

Design Thinking In Commerce And War written by Aaron P. Jackson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Civil-military relations categories.

"This monograph addresses how military design thinkers can maximize the utility of the design methodologies they select for employment when designing military operations. Presently, Western militaries apply a mix of two distinct types of design thinking, each with a different origin and employing different paradigms, yet most military practitioners remain unaware of this situation. The result is confusion, obfuscation through inappropriate conceptual overlap, and sub-optimal outcomes when overlapping types of design are simultaneously applied to identify and solve operational problems. These two types of design thinking come from different arenas: one has a background in various “civilian” disciplines, and in commerce and industry; the other originates within militaries themselves. This monograph attempts to untangle these two types of design thinking from each other through the provision of a detailed historical account, followed by a paradigmatic analysis of each. It then addresses the two types together, examining how a deliberately cultivated awareness of both can lead to enhanced design thinking outcomes, and exploring how military design thinking might evolve in the near future."--Provided by publisher.

The Continuing Utility Of Phasing Constructs In Operational Planning

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Author : MAJ Scott L., Scott Taylor, US Army
language : en
Publisher: CreateSpace
Release Date : 2012-12-03

The Continuing Utility Of Phasing Constructs In Operational Planning written by MAJ Scott L., Scott Taylor, US Army and has been published by CreateSpace this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-03 with categories.

Recent assertions have been made that the nature of warfare in our current operating environment has changed in such a way that phasing in military operations has outlasted its utility and become problematic, requiring it to be eliminated or replaced in military planning. The problem this monograph attempts to evaluate and solve is whether or not phasing in U.S. Military doctrine and operational design still has utility in planning military operations, or if it should be eliminated or replaced by some other means of visualizing plans and arranging forces for military operations. Phasing has been utilized to assist U.S. Military commanders and planners to visualize plans and how forces should be arranged to conduct military operations and campaigns since the creation of operational design in the 1920's. Phasing has been applied in planning conventional as well as nonconventional military operations. Recent criticisms of phasing have surfaced in the aftermath of Operation Iraqi Freedom's failure to rapidly stabilize Iraq in Phase IV of the operation. This paper analyzes phasing through theoretical and historical influences to trace how it has become a part of operational design and planning. Phasing is described and defined in U.S. Military doctrine from its first appearance as a method to assist in planning in the 1920's to the present and historical examples are provided as examples of its use. Mao Tse Tung's use of phasing to visualize the strategy for conducting his Protracted War against Japan is analyzed to determine what influence it may have had on U.S. Military doctrine. Criticism of phasing and proposed alternatives are presented and scrutinized through Systems Theory, Complexity Theory, logic, and doctrine to evaluate the rationality for criticism and applicability of alternative methods for visualizing plans and arranging forces. Recent changes and modifications to phasing in U.S. Military doctrine are analyzed to understand the logic behind the changes. Emerging concepts such as Operational Net Assessment, Effects Based Operations, and Net-Centric Warfare are described and analyzed through a "system of systems" approach to understand both the positive and negative influences they are having on U.S. Military doctrine and phasing. A concept for "red teaming" is proposed as a method for establishing a foundation for understanding strategic and operational problems, synchronizing efforts, and coordinating between the U.S. Military, other government agencies, and non-government agencies to improve problem solving capabilities and integration of elements of national power. The influence emerging concepts are having on doctrine and their military applications are analyzed to determine how they can be used to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of arranging forces through phasing in operational design. The principle findings and conclusions are that warfare in our current operating environment has not changed in such a way that has made it necessary to eliminate or replace phasing in military planning. Phasing is not a method for solving problems. Military operations or campaigns to solve problems should be visualized from start to finish in order create an understanding of what must be accomplished to achieve the desired end-state. Phasing should be utilized within the visualization of the plan to arrange forces in terms of resources, time, space and purpose to accomplish objectives that cannot be accomplished concurrently or require transition of efforts or forces within the plan. The phases of a plan should be analyzed holistically in order to understand the relationships between the phases and how actions in each phase will effect the others. Misuse, misunderstanding, and misapplication of phasing in military planning can lead to plans that fail to achieve strategic and operational end-states.

Force Design The Airmobile Concept And Operational Art

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Author : Francis J. Huber
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000

Force Design The Airmobile Concept And Operational Art written by Francis J. Huber and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Airmobile operations (Military science) categories.

Force Design is the process of designing the organization of army units. The process involves building unit structures, including combat support and combat service support capabilities, and then validating those structures through testing and analysis. Historically the criteria for validating and testing those structures have focused on the tactical effectiveness of the unit. This monograph evaluates the design process to determine if it is capable of producing units oriented on operational effects. An organization designed to serve as an operational unit must have different competencies and capabilities from a unit that is a purely tactical formation. In order for the design process to produce a unit competent as an operationally oriented force the evaluation process must have an understanding of operational art and the characteristics of forces intended to support operational art. The 1962 Tactical Mobility Requirements Board, also known as the Howze Board, provides an instructive historical case study of the force design process. The Howze board was unique in that it was given the opportunity to design an entirely new formation, the Air Assault Division, to produce a new kind of effect on the battlefield. The Howze board also illustrates the current design process in that computer simulations and live field trials validated the decisions of the board. Finally, the validity of these results can be examined by looking at the operations of the 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile)in the Pleiku campaign of 1965. This case study concludes that the elements of the force design process can be adapted to evaluate the operational effectiveness of a unit. To achieve this result the designers and evaluators must change their mental model of the test criteria. This will require test designers who understand operational employment and can design tests and criteria that support that understanding.

Elements Of Operational Design In The Planning For The Marianas Campaign In 1944

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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009

Elements Of Operational Design In The Planning For The Marianas Campaign In 1944 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.

Operational art and the operational level of war became a doctrinal focus for the U.S. Army in the 1980s. This focus led to the development of the elements of operational design. These concepts are not new; they were developed during the interwar period prior to World War II at U.S. military staff and war colleges. During this time, however, the military did not recognize the operational level of war or operational art in its doctrine. Even though the concepts were not recognized, the intellectual process permeated the officer education system prior to World War II. Clearly, American officers used operational art during World War II. This monograph examines the extent to which planners within CENPAC used the elements of operational design in the Marianas Campaign, including end-state and objectives, effects, center(s) of gravity, decisive points, direct and indirect action, lines of operation, operational reach, simultaneity and depth, timing and tempo, leverage, balance, anticipation, culmination, and arranging operations. The implications of the study are that as current doctrine evolves, the development, education, and execution of operational concepts used during World War II continue to be useful.

Military Strategy Joint Operations And Airpower

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Author : Ryan Burke
language : en
Publisher: Georgetown University Press
Release Date : 2022

Military Strategy Joint Operations And Airpower written by Ryan Burke and has been published by Georgetown University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Air power categories.

This second edition of Military Strategy, Joint Operations, and Airpower introduces contemporary strategy at the operational level of war. Developed as foundational reading for all US Air Force Academy cadets, this textbook is designed to close the gap between military theory and practice.

Logistics Model Design In Military Operations Other Than War Full Spectrum Operations

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Author : Jeff D. Goodmanson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997-09-01

Logistics Model Design In Military Operations Other Than War Full Spectrum Operations written by Jeff D. Goodmanson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-09-01 with categories.

Quantification of logistics requirements is essential to providing modeling and simulation with adequate logistics capability. Current models and simulations often rely on operator interface to accomplish the prioritization of logistics resources. However, this study shows that logistics requirements can be quantified based on the dimensions; Phase of the Operation, Level of Planning, Level of Support, and the Full Spectrum of Operations (FSO). Believing differences exist in logistics priorities as these dimensions change, an experiment in survey form was given to logistics personnel in military commands as well as civilian relief agencies that have been involved in three types of Peace Operations; Humanitarian Assistance, Humanitarian Assistance/Disaster Relief, and Noncombatant Evacuation Operations. The goal was to derive a measure of the relative importance of particular logistics supplies or services in these Operations Other Than War (OOTW). The Method of Equal Appearing Intervals was applied to derive the measure of relative importance. The analytical results show that as factors change in the operation, there is a change in the relative importance of logistics classes. In addition, as the operations change, there are a different set of priorities associated with each mission. The MEAI measurements can be applied directly in decision aids or in modeling and simulation efforts involving OOTW. The recommendations are to expand this approach by refining the survey and expanding the operations to include FSO.

Planning Beyond Tactics

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Author : Edward P. W. Hayward
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
Release Date : 2012-09-18

Planning Beyond Tactics written by Edward P. W. Hayward and has been published by Createspace Independent Pub this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-18 with History categories.

The recognition of the failure at the strategic and operational levels of war during the Global War on Terror, specifically in Iraq, has resulted in a quest for intellectual solutions to complex operational and strategic problems. To date this has resulted in a tacit acknowledgement that the Military Decision Making Process (MDMP) is not equipped to tackle ill defined problems and that a complementary approach is required. The emphasis on problem framing as defining a problem has been the hallmark of this new approach that is facilitated through institutional learning and a process of reframing rather than the advocating of predictive solutions. This monograph does not attempt to evaluate these new processes or seek to incorporate them within existing doctrine. Instead, it sets out the philosophy behind a design approach to planning. The broad design theory is an amalgam of the Israeli concept of Systemic Operational Design (SOD), Effects-Based Approach (EBA) and Systems of Systems Analysis (SoSA) as a systemic design process that is complementary to existing decision making tools. The monograph elucidates the philosophical functions that are contingent to this process. Importantly, this is not a 'how to' manual providing a prescriptive approach, but an illumination, a theory of becoming that focuses on the why of the process, in order to offer a level of understanding. The distinction between Form, Function and Logic has been embraced as the method used for explaining the philosophy of design. This builds on the writing of Deleuze and his 'philosophy of difference' and also in compartmentalizing between explaining the form of the design approach, from its functions and logic. The design approach produces more robust planning guidance, a frame of reference that enables reframing when the situation changes, an easily communicable strategy, across the whole of government and the explicit step of acknowledging our own biases and perspectives in shaping how we view the world. The conclusion of this monograph is not to replace MDMP and existing practices for planning or as a tool for decisions of implementation, but that a design approach is more appropriate for the creation of strategy, at every level, and concerns primarily decisions of consequence.

Designing Future Stabilization Efforts

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Author : Stephan De Spiegeire
language : en
Publisher: The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies
Release Date :

Designing Future Stabilization Efforts written by Stephan De Spiegeire and has been published by The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.

As the NATO combat mission in Afghanistan draws to an end, the ‘West’ is starting to take a hard look back at two decades of global stabilization efforts. The ‘lessons learned’ literature on these efforts is exploding. One of the dominant themes in this literature is the need to embed the specifically military toolkit into a much more comprehensive, integrated approach towards planning and executing. In this forward-looking report, HCSS goes a step further by focusing not on the operational but on the strategic level of decision-making. Today, this strategic layer is driven much more by domestic and international ‘politicking’ than by creative strategic thinking. This report advocates a new approach to strategic decision-making which we label ‘strategic design’. It summarizes and borrows some key insights from the ‘design thinking’ literature in the business and public management literature and applies those to the security challenges surrounding stabilization efforts. The report then illustrates this approach by developing and evaluating a few ‘design sketches’ for new capability elements that even a small force provider like The Netherlands could start developing. The report might be of interest to strategic planners and decision-makers on both the military and civilians side