Development And Evaluation Of An Internet Based Treatment For Generalized Anxiety Disorder
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Development And Evaluation Of An Internet Based Treatment For Generalized Anxiety Disorder
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Author : Mats Dahlin
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2020-09-28
Development And Evaluation Of An Internet Based Treatment For Generalized Anxiety Disorder written by Mats Dahlin and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-28 with categories.
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by an excessive and uncontrollable worry. GAD has a highly negative impact on all aspects of life, and the costs for society are considerable. Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), delivered face-to- face or online, has been shown to be effective in treating GAD. However, there are still room for improvement, with treatment content and format of delivery being two areas to further investigate. Internet-based treatments are often based on a generic CBT model of GAD and include treatment strategies such as cognitive restructuring and relaxation. Furthermore, the impact of therapist support has shown inconclusive results. Overall, this thesis aimed to evaluate the effects of a new internet-based treatment for GAD, based on acceptance, mindfulness, and valued action, delivered with different types of support. Study I was a small pilot trial with a within-group design. The study included 16 participants diagnosed with GAD who received the newly developed treatment program with weekly therapist support. Statistically significant and large effect sizes were observed on self-rated worry at post-treatment, and the effects were maintained at a three-months follow-up. Study II included 103 participants diagnosed with GAD who were randomized to nine weeks of treatment with the treatment program and weekly support, or a waiting-list control group. Statistically significant moderate to large effects were observed on primary and secondary outcomes in favour of the treatment. The exception was a measure of quality of life, with no significant difference between the two groups. The treatment effects were maintained at a six-months follow-up. Study III was a pilot trial including 33 participants diagnosed with GAD. A within-group design was used to investigate the effects of the treatment program delivered with automated messages and support on demand. Significant and large within-group effects were observed on all outcome measures at post-treatment with the exception of quality of life, for which there was a small effect. Study IV was a pilot factorial design trial that compared the acceptance-based treatment program against a self-tailored treatment, as well as two types of support: scheduled support and support on demand. The study included 85 participants with GAD randomized to four different treatment groups. Significant moderate to large effects were observed in all treatment groups, with no statistically significant differences between the groups on self-rated outcome measures. Receiving scheduled support was rated as more positive than support on demand, and self-tailored treatment was rated as more positive than the acceptance-based treatment. Treatment satisfaction was high in all studies. In conclusion, the studies indicate that an internet-based treatment based on acceptance, mindfulness, and valued action is a viable option in the treatment of GAD. Generaliserat ångestsyndrom (GAD) är ett kroniskt tillstånd som kännetecknas av överdriven och okontrollerbar oro. Internetbaserad kognitiv beteendeterapi (IKBT) har visat sig vara effektiv vid behandling av GAD. Behandlingarna baseras ofta på en traditionell KBT modell med tekniker som kognitiv omstrukturering och avslappning. IKBT inkluderar ofta även stöd från en behandlare, men stödets inverkan på metodens behandlingseffekter har visat på blandade resultat. Det finns det fortfarande mycket att lära om hur behandlingarnas innehåll och grad av behandlarstöd påverkar utfallet. Syftet med avhandlingen var att utvärdera behandlingseffekterna av ett nytt acceptansbaserat behandlingsprogram för GAD, förmedlat via internet, med endera veckovist stöd eller stöd vid behov. De fyra inkluderade studierna visar att behandlingen resulterade i signifikanta effekter på oro, GAD-symtom och komorbida depressiva symtom. Behandlingen var effektivare än kontrollgrupp (väntelista). Vid jämförelse med en aktiv behandling var effekterna likvärdiga. Att förmedla behandlingen med veckovist stöd eller stöd vid behov resulterade i jämförbara effekter på symptomskattningar. Dock slutförde fler som fick veckovist stöd hela behandlingen och de var även mer nöjda både med stödet och behandlingen. Behandlingseffekterna var jämförbara med tidigare IKBT-studier för GAD och deltagarna rapporterade hög grad av nöjdhet i alla studier. Sammanfattningsvis är acceptansbaserad internetförmedlad behandling ett effektivt alternativ vid behandling av GAD.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Tinnitus
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Author : Eldré W. Beukes
language : en
Publisher: Plural Publishing
Release Date : 2020-10-28
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Tinnitus written by Eldré W. Beukes and has been published by Plural Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-28 with Medical categories.
For many individuals afflicted with tinnitus, the condition causes substantial distress. While there is no known cure for tinnitus, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can offer an effective strategy for managing the symptoms and side effects of chronic tinnitus. Cognitive Behaviorial Therapy for Tinnitus is the first book to provide comprehensive CBT counseling materials specifically developed for the management of tinnitus. This valuable professional book has two primary purposes: to provide clinical guidelines for audiologists who are offering CBT-based counseling for tinnitus and to provide self-help materials for individuals with tinnitus. In addition, these materials may be of interest to researchers developing evidence-based therapies for tinnitus. The book is structured into three sections. Section A provides background information about the theoretical aspects of CBT and some practical tips on how to use this book. Section B provides the CBT counseling, or self-help materials, which can be used by both audiologists and those with tinnitus. Finally, Section C provides some supplementary materials for clinicians that can aid monitoring and engagement of individuals experiencing tinnitus during the course of intervention. Key Features: * The CBT materials contained in this text have been tested in numerous clinical trials across the globe (Australia, Germany, Sweden, United Kingdom, and the United States) both as self-help book chapters and self-help materials delivered via the Internet. * The counseling materials are presented at minimum reading grade level (U.S. 6th grade level) to maximize reader engagement. * The authors of this book have extensive experience in the management of tinnitus, offering useful insights for clinicians and those with tinnitus. * Includes expert advice videos for each chapter to facilitate its adoption to clinical practice.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder And Worrying
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Author : Alexander Gerlach
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2020-09-02
Generalized Anxiety Disorder And Worrying written by Alexander Gerlach and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-02 with Psychology categories.
A comprehensive and authoritative guide to anxiety disorder and worry Generalized Anxiety Disorder offers a comprehensive review of the most current research and therapeutic modalities related to generalized anxiety disorder and worry (GAD). With contributions from an international panel of experts, the Handbooklinks the basic science of anxiety and worry to the effective treatments that can be applied to help those who suffer from these conditions. Reflecting the most recent research and developments on the topic, theHandbook contains information on cross-cultural issues, transdiagnostic questions, as well as material on learning theory, biological theory, psychotherapy, and psychopharmacology. The contributors offer an in-depth examination of a range of topics such as rumination and obsessions and contains several novel approaches to treating the disorder. This comprehensive resource: Contains the most current information available on the topic Explores the consequences of worrying and other mental disorders such as illness anxiety and sleep disorders Includes contributions from an international panel of experts Offers insight into the future of treatment outcomes and translational research Written for practitioners, researchers, and trainees of clinical psychology and psychiatry, Generalized Anxiety Disorder addresses the assessment and empirically supported treatment of generalized anxiety disorder.
The Internet And Cbt
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Author : Gerhard Andersson
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2014-10-13
The Internet And Cbt written by Gerhard Andersson and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-13 with Psychology categories.
Comprehensive and practical, The Internet and CBT: A Clinical Guide describes how cognitive behavioural therapy can be delivered via the Internet, email, open access programmes, online communities and via smartphone. Detailing how these alternative methods of CBT support can be integrated within a busy practice, it is invaluable for all CBT clinici
Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule For Dsm Iv Parent Interview Schedule
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Author : Wendy K. Silverman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule For Dsm Iv Parent Interview Schedule written by Wendy K. Silverman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Agoraphobia categories.
Learning How To Recover From Stress Related Disorders Via Internet Based Interventions
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Author : Robert Persson Asplund
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2021-01-18
Learning How To Recover From Stress Related Disorders Via Internet Based Interventions written by Robert Persson Asplund and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-18 with Electronic books categories.
Stress has become one of the major challenges of modern society, especially within the working population, causing significant costs and personal problems. However, the range of prevention and treatment is not at all proportionate to the needs of the public. Internet provides new options for broad dissemination and a growing body of evidence suggest that internet-based interventions for stress could be effective. However, few studies have examined the efficacy in clinical samples or how participants experience these new treatment delivery formats. Further, only a limited number of studies have evaluated the efficacy of work-focused stress interventions on work-related outcomes (e.g., absenteeism), and if recovery has the potential in stress-prevention. In the present thesis, internet-based cognitive behavioural stress interventions (iCBT), designed to reduce symptoms of stress and increase recovery and workparticipation among 117 managers and 260 employees, were evaluated in three randomized controlled trials (Study I, III and IV) and a qualitative study (Study II). Results of Study I and III indicate that the iCBT for managers and employees with stress-related disorders was effective in reducing symptoms of chronic stress. In Study III effects on work-related outcomes, e.g., work ability and absenteeism, were only seen in the work-focused iCBT. In Study II, participants found the work-focused iCBT to be accessible and feasible and reported positive experiences on stress and well-being in both life and at work. Finally, preliminary results in Study IV suggest that recovery experiences, an important protective factor against chronic stress, could be improved by a brief internet-based recovery intervention. In conclusion, if implemented, these relatively brief and accessible interventions could be a feasible way to increase access to treatment and learning distressed employees and others how to prevent and recover from stress-related disorders.
Just Know It
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Author : Matilda Berg
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2021-02-23
Just Know It written by Matilda Berg and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-23 with categories.
The role of explicit, declarative knowledge in general health care and in psychotherapy is a growing field of research. In many areas of healthcare, knowledge is regarded as an important factor for successful interventions. Participants within mental-health interventions should ideally gain knowledge about their specific conditions and strategies to improve, in order to manage their problems in more helpful ways. In Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT), explicit knowledge is a core feature when treating clients and educating them about their symptoms, problems and potential solutions. Still, the role of knowledge and its relation to treatment outcome within CBT treatments is unclear. CBT administered over the internet (ICBT), is mainly based on psychoeducative texts and thus provides a suitable format for an initial evaluation of explicit knowledge within a clinical research context. The role of explicit knowledge could be of particular importance in the study of younger target groups, who probably have their first treatment experience. Their knowledge gain and its use could be of importance both as separate constructs but also in relation to symptom reduction following treatment. The overarching aim of this thesis was to explore the role of explicit knowledge in internet-delivered CBT for adolescents with depression and anxiety. Study I explored the role of explicit knowledge in a randomised controlled trial with adolescents suffering from primary depression. A knowledge test was constructed and administered at pre- and post-treatment. Results showed that explicit knowledge and certainty of knowledge about depression, anxiety and CBT increased during treatment, but that these variables were unrelated to treatment outcome. Lower pre-treatment knowledge levels (certainty) however predicted greater improvement in depressive symptoms. Study II describes the procedure of developing a new knowledge test in the context of ICBT for adolescents with depression and anxiety. An explorative factor analysis was performed and resulted in a three-factor solution with the following factors: Act in aversive states, Using positive reinforcement, and Shifting attention. The procedure presented could illustrate one way of creating a test for knowledge evaluation in ICBT, but its clinical use needs to be evaluated further. In Study III, participants from a randomised controlled trial of ICBT for adolescent depression were asked about their acquired knowledge and knowledge use six months later. Qualitative methodology (thematic analysis) was used. The results showed two overarching ways that clients can remember and relate to CBT-principles after treatment; one more explicit way related to the active application of CBT principles, and another vague way of recalling treatment content and the passive usage of CBT. Both ways of recalling CBT principles were related to experiencing the treatment as helpful. Study IV evaluated the role of learning strategies and chat-sessions in ICBT for adolescents with anxiety and depression. A total of 120 adolescents were randomised to one of four treatment groups, in a 2x2 factorial design with the two factors: with or without learning support and/or chat-sessions. Overall, the results showed general reductions of anxiety and depressive symptoms, and increased knowledge levels. Participants receiving learning strategies during treatment obtained more immediate benefits in treatment outcome and knowledge levels, but at six months follow-up participants without learning support had reached equal amounts of knowledge and symptom reduction. Chat-sessions did not add any effect on treatment outcome or knowledge levels. In conclusion, this thesis suggests that explicit knowledge is a construct that is independent of symptom reduction and increases during ICBT treatments for adolescents with depression and anxiety. Increased knowledge, and increased certainty of knowledge, are valuable outcomes since CBT emphasises educating clients about symptoms, therapeutic principles, and strategies that they can remember and use later on. The lack of association between explicit knowledge gain and symptom reduction could indicate that explicit knowledge is a necessary but insufficient factor for symptom reduction. Adding learning strategies within a treatment programme could be of importance for enhancing short-term treatment effects. There is a continued need for more research on the role of knowledge in ICBT, both as an outcome and as a way to improve treatment effects. The findings in this thesis however suggest that research on explicit knowledge is important to understand what makes ICBT work. Explicit kunskap och dess roll i psykoterapi är ett växande forskningsområde. I kognitiv beteendeterapi (KBT) har explicit kunskap en kärnfunktion då man behandlar klienter och utbildar dem om deras symptom, problemområden och potentiella lösningar. Trots detta är kunskapens roll och dess relation till behandlingsresultat vid KBT oklar. KBT som administreras via internet (IKBT) baseras huvudsakligen på psykoedukativa texter, och kan således vara ett lämpligt format för en initial utvärdering av explicit kunskap. Syftet med denna avhandling var att undersöka om kunskap ökar under IKBT för tonåringar med depression och ångest, dess relation till behandlingsutfall, och om lärandestöd kan öka effekten av behandling. De fyra inkluderade studierna visar att explicit kunskap är ett unikt konstrukt som, oberoende av symtomminskning, ökar under behandling. Deltagare kan komma ihåg behandlingsinnehåll och uppleva KBT kunskap som användbart i deras vardag. Detta är ett värdefullt resultat då KBT betonar vikten av att utbilda klienter om symtom, principer och strategier som de kan komma ihåg och använda. Ett nytt kunskapstest utvecklades och validerades initialt för potentiell användning i framtida kliniska studier. En av studierna visade, via experimentell design, att lärandestöd i behandlingsmoduler kan förbättra kortvariga behandlingseffekter. Sammanfattningsvis är forskning om explicit kunskap viktigt för att förstå vad som får IKBT att fungera.
Looking Into The Future
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Author : Carl-Johan Uckelstam
language : en
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
Release Date : 2021-01-21
Looking Into The Future written by Carl-Johan Uckelstam and has been published by Linköping University Electronic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-21 with categories.
Psychotherapy research has shifted from mainly focusing on the average effects of different treatments to concentrating more on questions related to the individual patient. When research attention shifts, it can give rise to the implementation of new statistical methods that, in turn, can illuminate new challenges that must be addressed. The aim of the thesis was to study how traditional methods for predicting certain psychotherapy outcomes have been conducted in the past, and how more advanced statistical methods might be used to enhance knowledge of how to predict these outcomes today. Three studies were performed: Paper I focused on how Multi Level Modeling (MLM) can be used to study certain aspects of the relationship between working alliance and treatment outcome. In Paper II, Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) and item-level analysis were used to give nuance to the relationship between psychological distress at baseline and change rate during treatment. Finally, in Paper III, Machine Learning (ML) was used to detect dropout patients in the early phase of treatment by exploring complex patterns of symptom distress during the early phase of treatment. The thesis showed how different goals of scientific exploration can be studied in the context of routine care with the use of these statistical frameworks and discussed some of the challenges and opportunities worth noting when entering this line of research. Psykoterapiforskning har på senare tid gått från att fokusera på genomsnittliga effekter av olika behandlingsinriktningar, till att inrikta sig mer mot den enskilda patienten. När fokus förflyttas på det här sättet kan det leda till att nya statistiska metoder behöver tillämpas vilket i sin tur kan leda till nya utmaningar för psykoterapiforskaren. Syftet med avhandlingen var att undersöka hur traditionella statistiska metoder har använts för att studera olika typer av psykoterapiutfall i rutinmässig vård, och hur mer avancerade statistiska metoder kan tillämpas för att öka kunskapen om hur dessa utfall kan prediceras. Tre studier genomfördes. Studie I fokuserade på hur flernivåanalys kan användas för att studera relationen mellan arbetsallians och behandlingsutfall. I studie II användes latent profilanalys för att studera sambandet mellan psykologiska besvär vid det första besöket och symptomförändring under behandlingens gång. Slutligen, I studie III, tillämpades maskininlärning för att upptäcka patienter med risk att hoppa av behandlingen i förtid. Sammanfattningsvis belystes i avhandlingen hur olika typer av vetenskapliga frågeställningar kan studeras i en klinisk kontext med hjälp av dessa statistiska ramverk samt några av de fördelar och begräsningar som är viktiga att notera när de tillämpas.
Oxford Handbook Of Anxiety And Related Disorders
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Author : Martin M. Antony
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2009
Oxford Handbook Of Anxiety And Related Disorders written by Martin M. Antony and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Medical categories.
This handbook reviews research and clinical developments through synthetic chapters written by experts from various fields of study and clinical backgrounds. It discusses each of the main anxiety disorders and examines diagnostic criteria, prevalence rates, comorbidity, and clinical issues.
Mental Health In The Digital Age
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Author : Dr Elias Aboujaoude
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2015-04-01
Mental Health In The Digital Age written by Dr Elias Aboujaoude and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-04-01 with Medical categories.
The Internet and related technologies have reconfigured every aspect of life, including mental health. Although the negative and positive effects of digital technology on mental health have been debated, all too often this has been done with much passion and few or no supporting data. In Mental Health in the Digital Age, Elias Aboujaoude and Vladan Starcevic have edited a book that brings together distinguished experts from around the world to review the evidence relating to this area. The first part of the book addresses threats resulting from the growing reliance on, and misuse of, digital technology; it also looks at how some problematic behaviors and forms of psychopathology have been shaped by this technology. This section reviews problematic Internet and video game use, effects of violent video games on the levels of aggression and of online searches for health-related information on the levels of health anxiety, use of digital technology to harm other people, and promotion of suicide on the Internet. The second part of Mental Health in the Digital Age examines the ways in which digital technology has boosted efforts to help people with mental health problems. These include the use of computers, the Internet, and mobile phones to educate and provide information necessary for psychiatric treatment and to produce programs for psychological therapy, as well as use of electronic mental health records to improve care. Mental Health in the Digital Age is a unique and timely book because it examines comprehensively an intersection between digital technology and mental health and provides a state-of-the-art, evidence-based, and well-balanced look at the field. The book is a valuable resource and guide to an area often shrouded in controversy, as it is a work of critical thinking that separates the hype from the facts and offers data-driven conclusions. It is of interest particularly to mental health professionals, but also to general audience.