Development Of A Mash Tl 3 Approach Guardrail Transition To A Mash Tl 4 Steel Bridge Rail
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Development Of A Mash Tl 3 Approach Guardrail Transition To A Mash Tl 4 Steel Bridge Rail
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Author : Jennifer D. Rasmussen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Development Of A Mash Tl 3 Approach Guardrail Transition To A Mash Tl 4 Steel Bridge Rail written by Jennifer D. Rasmussen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Bridges categories.
A Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) Test Level 3 (TL-3) approach guardrail transition (AGT) was designed to connect the Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) to a MASH TL-4 steel-post, steel-tube, bridge rail, Type IL-OH. Two connection concepts were evaluated using the LS-DYNA finite element analysis computer software. The second concept was selected for further evaluation with full-scale crash testing, which included a previously-developed, thrie-beam, approach guardrail transition, modified HSS8x6x1/4 transition tube rails that aligned with the lower and middle bridge rail tubes, and new connection hardware designed to prevent vehicle snag during reverse-direction impacts. The critical impact points were selected using LS-DYNA for MASH test designation nos. 3-20 and 3-21 in the impact direction from the thrie-beam to the bridge rail. MASH test designation nos. 3-20 and 3-21 in the impact direction from the bridge rail to the thrie-beam AGT were determined to be non-critical. In test no. STBRT-1, the 2,404-lb small car impacted the AGT at a speed of 64.6 mph, an angle of 25.2 degrees, and at a location 21.3 in. upstream from post no. 19, thus resulting in an impact severity of 60.9 kip-ft. The small car was contained and redirected and resulted in a successful test according to MASH test designation no. 3-20 safety performance criteria. In test no. STBRT-2, the 5,007-lb quad cab pickup truck impacted the AGT at a speed of 62.7 mph, an angle of 24.9 degrees, and at a location 15.9 in. upstream from post no. 19, thus resulting in an impact severity of 116 kip-ft. The pickup truck was contained and redirected and resulted in a successful test according to MASH test designation no. 3-21 safety performance criteria.
Steel Railing Type Il Oh
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Author : Scott K. Rosenbaugh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Steel Railing Type Il Oh written by Scott K. Rosenbaugh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Bridges categories.
Over the past few years, the Midwest Roadside Safety Facility worked with the Illinois and Ohio Departments of Transportation to develop a new side-mounted, steel tube bridge rail to satisfy the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware, Second Edition (MASH) Test Level 4 (TL-4) safety performance criteria. The new bridge rail was designed to be adaptable to multiple bridge deck configurations, including cast-in-place concrete slabs and prestressed box-beam decks. The system was designed to remain crashworthy after the placement of a future roadway overlay up to 3 in. thick. The final design incorporated three HSS tube rails supported by W6x15 posts spaced at 8 ft on-center. Additionally, a transition from the Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) to the new side-mounted, steel tube bridge rail was developed to satisfy MASH TL-3 criteria. The approach guardrail transition (AGT) incorporated the MGS upstream stiffness transition and 34-in. tall nested thrie-beam to account for future overlays. A distance of 9 ft was established between the last AGT post and the first bridge rail post in order to span over any structures that may prohibit post installation (abutments, wing walls and/or drainage features) Specialized HSS end rails were developed to extend between the adjacent bridge and AGT posts and provide the strength required to redirect errant vehicles. The development and full-scale testing of both the bridge rail and the transition were documented in previous reports. This report, the fourth in the series, summarizes the development and evaluation of the systems, contains CAD details and component variation descriptions, and provides implementation guidance for the Steel Railing Type IL-OH and its associated transition.
Development Of A Mash Tl 3 Transition Between Guardrail And Portable Concrete Barriers
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Author : David A. Gutierrez
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Development Of A Mash Tl 3 Transition Between Guardrail And Portable Concrete Barriers written by David A. Gutierrez and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Road work zones categories.
Often, road construction causes the need to create a work zone. In these scenarios, portable concrete barriers (PCBs) are typically installed to shield workers and equipment from errant vehicles as well as prevent motorists from striking other roadside hazards. For an existing W-beam guardrail system installed adjacent to the roadway and near the work zone, guardrail sections are removed in order to place the portable concrete barrier system. The focus of this research study was to develop a proper stiffness transition between W-beam guardrail and portable concrete barrier systems. This research effort was accomplished through development and refinement of design concepts using computer simulation with LS-DYNA. Several design concepts were simulated, and design metrics were used to evaluate and refine each concept. These concepts were then analyzed and ranked based on feasibility, likelihood of success, and ease of installation. The rankings were presented to the Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) for selection of a preferred design alternative. Next, a Critical Impact Point (CIP) study was conducted, while additional analyses were performed to determine the critical attachment location and a reduced installation length for the portable concrete barriers. Finally, an additional simulation effort was conducted in order to evaluate the safety performance of the transition system under reverse-direction impact scenarios as well as to select the CIP. Recommendations were also provided for conducting a Phase II study and evaluating the nested Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) configuration using three Test Level 3 (TL-3) full-scale crash tests according to the criteria provided in the Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware, as published by the American Association of Safety Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO).
Mash Tl 3 Transition Between Median Guardrail And Median Concrete Barrier
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Author : Akram Y. Abu-Odeh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Mash Tl 3 Transition Between Median Guardrail And Median Concrete Barrier written by Akram Y. Abu-Odeh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Automobiles categories.
The purpose of this research was to develop a Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) Test Level 3 (TL-3) compliant transition between a median guardrail and median concrete barrier, and then test the design according to MASH TL-3 crash testing guidelines. The design was developed using finite element computer simulations. This report provides details on the computer simulations, the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) median transition system, the crash tests and results, and the performance assessment of the median transition for MASH TL-3 transition evaluation criteria. The TxDOT median transition met the performance criteria for MASH TL-3 transitions.
Development And Testing Of An Optimized Mash Tl 4 Concrete Bridge Rail
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Author : Scott K. Rosenbaugh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Development And Testing Of An Optimized Mash Tl 4 Concrete Bridge Rail written by Scott K. Rosenbaugh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Bridges categories.
A new concrete bridge rail was developed and optimized using recently updated Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) Test-Level 4 (TL-4) design loads. The rail was optimized to maximize vehicle stability, minimize installation costs, and mitigate the potential for deck damage by minimizing loads transferred to the deck. Additionally, the bridge rail was designed with a 39-in. installation height so that it would remain crashworthy after future roadway overlays up to 3 in. thick. The barrier had a front face with a 3-degree slope (i.e., batter) away from vertical to promote vehicle stability during impacts while also providing some slope to allow for slipforming real-world installations. Yield-line theory was utilized to design both interior and end regions of the barrier. Further, minimum deck strengths were determined and a deck overhang design procedure was provided for users desiring to modify their existing deck details. Finally, MASH test designation no. 4-12 was conducted on the new bridge rail to evaluate its safety performance as well as the potential for damage to the barrier and bridge deck. In test no. 4CBR-1, the 22,198-lb single-unit truck impacted the concrete bridge rail at a speed of 57.6 mph and an angle of 16 degrees. The single-unit truck was successfully contained and redirected, and all safety performance criteria were within acceptable limits as defined in MASH. Therefore, test no. 4CBR-1 was determined to be acceptable according to MASH test designation no. 4-12. Conclusions and recommendations for implementation were provided.
Development Of A Mash Tl 4 Steel Side Mounted Beam And Post Bridge Rail
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Author : Oscar Pena
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Development Of A Mash Tl 4 Steel Side Mounted Beam And Post Bridge Rail written by Oscar Pena and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
A new steel, side-mounted, beam-and-post, bridge rail was designed, crash-tested, and evaluated according to safety performance guidelines included in the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) for Test Level 4 (TL-4). The new bridge rail system was designed to be compatible to multiple concrete bridge decks utilized by the States of Illinois and Ohio. Bridge rail configurations were designed and optimized based on weight per foot, constructability, and safety. Post-to-rail and rail-to-rail connections were designed for the new bridge rail. Several concepts for these connections were configured, and after discussion with representatives from the Illinois and Ohio DOTs, a preferred concept was selected for full-scale crash testing with a single-unit truck, a pickup truck, and a small car. The new bridge rail consisted of three tubular steel rail elements supported by W6x15 (W150x22.5) steel posts mounted to the exterior, vertical edge of the concrete deck and spaced on 8 ft (2.4 m) on centers. The top rail element was an HSS 12-in. x 4-in. x 1⁄4-in. (HSS 304.8-mm x 101.6-mm x 6.4-mm) and the lower two rail elements were HSS 8-in. x 6-in. x 1⁄4-in. (HSS 203.2-mm x 152.4-mm x 6.4-mm). The centerline heights of the rail elements were 37 in. (940 mm), 28 in. (711 mm), and 16 in. (406 mm) above the surface of the deck for the top, middle, and bottom rails, respectively. Three MASH TL-4 crash tests were performed on the new bridge rail, which successfully contained and redirected the MASH TL-4 vehicles. All occupant risk measures and evaluation criteria were within MASH limits. For MASH test designation no. 4-12 with the single-unit truck, the impact severity did not meet the minimum limit of 142.0 kip-ft (180.6 kJ). Thus, test designation no. 4-12 is recommended to be re-run. However, a maximum roll angle of 36 degrees and a dynamic deflection of 4.3 in. (109.2 mm) represent a positive indication that a subsequent test with a single-unit truck would likely meet MASH TL-4 impact safety criteria.
Development Of A Mash Test Level 4 Steel Side Mounted Beam And Post Bridge Rail
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Author : Oscar Pena
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Development Of A Mash Test Level 4 Steel Side Mounted Beam And Post Bridge Rail written by Oscar Pena and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Roads categories.
A new steel, side-mounted, beam-and-post, bridge rail was designed, crash-tested, and evaluated according to safety performance guidelines included in the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware, Second Edition (MASH 2016) for Test Level 4 (TL-4). The new bridge rail system was designed to be compatible with multiple concrete bridge decks utilized by the States of Illinois and Ohio. Bridge rail configurations were designed and optimized based on weight per foot, constructability, and safety. Post-to-rail and rail-to-rail connections were designed for the new bridge rail. Several concepts for these connections were configured, and after discussion with representatives from Illinois and Ohio Departments of Transportation, a preferred concept was selected for full-scale crash testing with a single-unit truck (SUT), a pickup truck, and a small car. The new bridge rail consisted of three tubular steel rail elements supported by W6x15 (W150x22.5) steel posts mounted to the exterior, vertical edge of the concrete deck and spaced at 8 ft (2.4 m) on centers. The top rail element was an HSS 12-in. x 4-in. x 1⁄4-in. (HSS 304.8-mm x 101.6-mm x 6.4-mm) and the lower two rail elements were HSS 8-in. x 6-in. x 1⁄4-in. (HSS 203.2-mm x 152.4-mm x 6.4-mm). The centerline heights of the rail elements were 37 in. (940 mm), 28 in. (711 mm), and 16 in. (406 mm) above the surface of the deck for the top, middle, and bottom rails, respectively. Four MASH 2016 TL-4 crash tests were performed on the new bridge rail, which successfully contained and redirected each of the MASH 2016 TL-4 vehicles. All occupant risk measures and evaluation criteria were within MASH 2016 limits. In the initial run of test designation no. 4-12, test no. STBR-1 with the SUT, the impact severity did not meet the minimum limit of 142.0 kip-ft (180.6 kJ). Thus, test designation no. 4-12 was re-run in test no. STBR-4, and the results met all MASH 2016 impact safety criteria, ensuring that the new bridge rail meets MASH 2016 TL-4 standards.
Development Of A Tl 3 F Shape Temporary Concrete Median Barrier
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Author : Ronald K. Faller
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Development Of A Tl 3 F Shape Temporary Concrete Median Barrier written by Ronald K. Faller and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Median strips categories.
Work zones often require the use of temporary concrete barriers (TCBs) within a limited area to provide protection for construction workers. In situations where an existing guardrail is immediately adjacent to the construction hazards that need to be shielded, highway designers must either connect the guardrail to the temporary barrier or replace it with TCB. Although interconnecting the two barrier systems represents the more convenient option, at present no suitable solutions have been made available. A transition from guardrail to temporary barriers may not need to be nearly as stiff as a conventional approach transitions. However, it must provide sufficient stiffness and strength to prevent pocketing as well as to shield the end of the concrete barrier to prevent serious wheel snag. In addition, considerations must be made for transitioning from the TCB to the guardrail, anchoring the TCB system, and the potential use of tie-downs to limit TCB deflection. TCBs are connected and transitioned to many types of barriers. Unfortunately, little effort has been devoted to this issue. The only transitions previously developed have been between TCBs and safety shaped concrete barriers and TCBs and permanent concrete median barriers. Transitions between TCBs and other common barrier types, such as guardrail, have typically not been full-scale crash tested and may pose a serious hazard to motorists during an impact. Transitions between two barrier types generally are designed with the assumption that it is more critical to transition from a less stiff barrier to a stiffer barrier due to concerns for pocketing and snag on the stiffer barrier system. However, in the case of a TCB system, design of the transition can be more complex. Design of a transition between TCB and guardrail must consider several factors: (1) Connection of the guardrail on the upstream or downstream end of the TCB system - The location of the guardrail on either the upstream or downstream end of the transition will largely affect the transition along with other factors. For example, the attachment of the guardrail to the downstream end of an unanchored, free-standing TCB system would require a transition. This could be as simple as using tie-down anchorages on the TCB segments to increase their stiffness prior to the guardrail attachment. Conversely, attachment of the guardrail to the upstream end of a free-standing, TCB system would require a transition as well. However, this type of transition would require stiffening the guardrail as it approached the TCB. (2) Anchorage of the end of the TCB system - The location and design of the end anchorage for the TCB system will largely determine the stiffness of the TCB end as compared to the guardrail as well as the transition configuration. (3) Free-standing barrier vs. tie-down anchorage - The stiffness of the TCB section varies depending on whether the barrier segments use any form of tie-down anchorage. The design of the transition between the rail and the TCB would change depending on whether the barrier segments were free-standing or anchored. (4) Direction of traffic - The transition design may depend on the potential for two-way traffic or reverse impacts. Due to the wide range of factors affecting the design of a TCB to guardrail transition, it is necessary to develop a better understanding of the most common and most critical transition installations. Then, a transition design could be developed to meet those needs. It is anticipated that this transition design would be developed around the F-shape, TCB segment and the recently developed Midwest Guardrail System (MGS). The research study recommended herein would primarily be directed toward improving the safety and minimizing risk for the motoring public traveling within our nation's work-zones and on our highways and roadways. More specifically, this project would address the goal of the Smart Work Zone Deployment Initiative, which is "to develop improved methods and products for addressing safety and mobility in work zones by evaluating new technologies and methods, thereby enhancing safety and efficiency of traffic operations and highway workers. The project is a public/private partnership between the sponsoring public transportation agencies in several Midwestern States, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), private technology providers and university transportation researchers." The overall objective of this research effort is to develop a MASH TL-3 transition design between TCBs and the MGS. The design of the transition would focus on a representative selection of state departments of transportation (DOTs) highest priority configuration. Due to the large number of unknowns, this phase of the project will focus on the development of design concepts for the highest priority transition need. Full-scale crash testing of the proposed transition design is not a part of this project and may be performed in a future phase of the project. This research effort will begin with identifying and quantifying the most pressing TCB to guardrail transition needs. Although a need to develop configurations for most, if not all, of the TCB to guardrail transition needs may exist, this project will address the highest priority need. Thus, the state DOTs of the Midwest States Pooled Fund Program will be surveyed to identify the highest priority TCB to guardrail transition need. After the critical transition need is identified, potential transition concepts and prototype designs will be brainstormed. Computer simulations with LS-DYNA, a non-linear explicit finite element code, will be used to investigate and evaluate the concepts and prototype designs. CAD details for the proposed transition design will be prepared. A summary report detailing the research effort will be compiled and will include recommendations for future full-scale crash testing of the TCB to guardrail transition as well as recommendations for further development of TCB to guardrail transitions. The research study is directed toward improving the safety by minimizing the risk for the motoring public traveling within our nation's work-zones and on our highways and roadways. Since W-beam guardrail has proven to provide better safety performance than temporary concrete barriers, the development of an effective transition between the two can help preserve guardrails outside the immediate work-zone area, thus providing an overall higher level of safety for motorists. The new transition would also eliminate the use of an unproven connection between guardrail and temporary barriers. Further, limiting the use of temporary concrete barriers strictly to the work zone area will also minimize the traffic disruption that these barriers can create to motorists passing in work zones. Following the development efforts, a research report will be prepared that summarizes the results of the study. If warranted, a formal paper will be prepared and submitted for publication in a refereed journal, such as a Transportation Research Record, so that dissemination and distribution of the final research results will provide the most significant impact in terms of safety benefit for the motoring public
Design And Mash Tl 3 Evaluation Of Surface Mounted Median Guardrail
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Author : Nauman Mansoor Sheikh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Design And Mash Tl 3 Evaluation Of Surface Mounted Median Guardrail written by Nauman Mansoor Sheikh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Automobiles categories.
This report presents the development and crash testing of a surface-mounted median guardrail on concrete. The research team developed several preliminary design concepts of the median guardrail. One of these was selected by the Texas Department of Transportation for further development through finite element simulation analysis and full-scale crash testing. The safety performance of the final design of the surface-mounted median guardrail was evaluated in accordance with the guidelines included in the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH), Second Edition (1). The design was evaluated for Test Level 3 (TL-3) of MASH, for which the following two crash tests were performed: 1. MASH Test 3-10: An 1100C small passenger sedan weighing 2420 lb., impacting the median guardrail while traveling at a speed and angle of 62 mi/h and 25 degrees. 2. MASH Test 3-11: A 2270P pickup truck weighing 5000 lb., impacting the median guardrail while traveling at a speed and angle of 62 mi/h and 25 degrees. The new surface-mounted median guardrail design passed the MASH evaluation criteria for both tests. This report provides details on the surface-mounted median guardrail, the crash tests and results, and the performance assessment of the median guardrail using the evaluation criteria of MASH TL-3 for longitudinal barriers.
Roadside Design Guide
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Author : American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Task Force for Roadside Safety
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Roadside Design Guide written by American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Task Force for Roadside Safety and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Roads categories.