Development Of Microbial Ecological Theory Stability Plasticity And Evolution Of Microbial Ecosystems

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Development Of Microbial Ecological Theory Stability Plasticity And Evolution Of Microbial Ecosystems

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Author : Shin Haruta
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2017-06-01

Development Of Microbial Ecological Theory Stability Plasticity And Evolution Of Microbial Ecosystems written by Shin Haruta and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-01 with categories.

“How can we develop microbial ecological theory?” The development of microbial ecological theory has a long way to reach its goal. Advances in microbial ecological techniques provide novel insights into microbial ecosystems. Articles in this book are challenging to determine the central and general tenets of the ecological theory that describes the features of microbial ecosystems. Their achievements expand the frontiers of current microbial ecology and propose the next step. Assemblage of these diverse articles hopefully helps to go on this long journey with many avenues for advancement of microbial ecology.

Biotechnological Applications Of Extremophilic Microorganisms

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Author : Natuschka M. Lee
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2020-10-26

Biotechnological Applications Of Extremophilic Microorganisms written by Natuschka M. Lee and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-26 with Nature categories.

This book provides a broad overview how extremophiles can be used in biotechnology, including for the production and degradation of compounds. It reviews various recent discoveries and applications related to a large variety of extremophiles, considering both prokaryotes as well as eukaryotes.

The Causes And Consequences Of Microbial Community Structure

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Author : Diana Reid Nemergut
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers E-books
Release Date : 2015-01-22

The Causes And Consequences Of Microbial Community Structure written by Diana Reid Nemergut and has been published by Frontiers E-books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-22 with Microbiology categories.

The causes and consequences of differences in microbial community structure, defined here as the relative proportions of rare and abundant organisms within a community, are poorly understood. Articles in “The Causes and Consequences of Microbial Community Structure”, use empirical or modeling approaches as well as literature reviews to enrich our mechanistic understanding of the controls over the relationship between community structure and ecosystem processes. Specifically, authors address the role of trait distributions and tradeoffs, species-species interactions, evolutionary dynamics, community assembly processes and physical controls in affecting ‘who’s there’ and ‘what they are doing.’

Host And Microbe Adaptations In The Evolution Of Immunity

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Author : Larry J. Dishaw
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2019-12-31

Host And Microbe Adaptations In The Evolution Of Immunity written by Larry J. Dishaw and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-31 with categories.

The evolution of metazoans has been accompanied by new interfaces with the microbial environment that include biological barriers and surveillance by specialized cell types. Increasingly complex organisms require increased capacities to confront pathogens, achieved by co-evolution of recognition mechanisms and regulatory pathways. Two distinct but interactive forms of immunity have evolved. Innate immunity, shared by all metazoans, is traditionally viewed as simple and non-specific. Adaptive immunity possesses the capacity to anticipate new infectious challenges and recall previous exposures; the most well-understood example of such a system, exhibited by lymphocytes of vertebrates, is based on somatic gene alterations that generate extraordinary specificity in discrimination of molecular structures. Our understanding of immune phylogeny over the past decades has tried to reconcile immunity from a vertebrate standpoint. While informative, such approaches cannot completely address the complex nature of selective pressures brought to bear by the complex microbiota (including pathogens) that co-exist with all metazoans. In recent years, comparative studies (and new technologies) have broadened our concepts of immunity from a systems-wide perspective. Unexpected findings, e.g., genetic expansions of innate receptors, high levels of polymorphism, RNA-based forms of generating diversity, adaptive evolution and functional divergence of gene families and the recognition of novel mediators of adaptive immunity, prompt us to reconsider the very nature of immunity. Even fundamental paradigms as to how the jawed vertebrate adaptive immune system should be structured for “optimal” recognition potential have been disrupted more than once (e.g., the discovery of the multicluster organization and germline joining of immunoglobulin genes in sharks, gene conversion as a mechanism of somatic diversification, absence of IgM or MHC II in certain teleost fishes). Mechanistically, concepts of innate immune memory, often referred to as “trained memory,” have been realized further, with the development of new discoveries in studies of epigenetic regulation of somatic lineages. Immune systems innovate and adapt in a taxon-specific manner, driven by the complexity of interactions with microbial symbionts (commensals, mutualists and pathogens). Immune systems are shaped by selective forces that reflect consequences of dynamic interactions with microbial environments as well as a capacity for rapid change that can be facilitated by genomic instabilities. We have learned that characterizing receptors and receptor interactions is not necessarily the most significant component in understanding the evolution of immunity. Rather, such a subject needs to be understood from a more global perspective and will necessitate re-consideration of the physical barriers that afford protection and the developmental processes that create them. By far, the most significant paradigm shifts in our understanding of immunity and the infection process has been that microbes no longer are considered to be an automatic cause or consequence of illness, but rather integral components of normal physiology and homeostasis. Immune phylogeny has been shaped not only by an arms race with pathogens but also perhaps by mutualistic interactions with resident microbes. This Research Topic updates and extends the previous eBook on Changing Views of the Evolution of Immunity and contains peer-reviewed submissions of original research, reviews and opinions.

Phenotypic Plasticity

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Author : Thomas J. DeWitt
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2004

Phenotypic Plasticity written by Thomas J. DeWitt and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Science categories.

Genetic, evolution, adaptation, environment, genotype.

Influence Of Environmental Variability On Climate Change Impacts In Marine Ecosystems

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Author : Christian Pansch
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-09-26

Influence Of Environmental Variability On Climate Change Impacts In Marine Ecosystems written by Christian Pansch and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-26 with Science categories.

Phage Biology And Phage Therapy

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Author : Shuai Le
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2022-05-06

Phage Biology And Phage Therapy written by Shuai Le and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-06 with Science categories.

Microbial Fuels

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Author : Farshad Darvishi Harzevili
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-09-18

Microbial Fuels written by Farshad Darvishi Harzevili and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-18 with Science categories.

The book will highlight major trends and developments in the field of microbial fuels, with contributions from a number of highly experienced researchers. It will serve as a comprehensive reference for industrial stakeholders, scientists, researchers and graduate students interested in microbial fuels. The aims of this work are to present the technologies and perspectives taking into account different socio-economical contexts. A specific chapter will focus on the general perspectives of microbial fuels for low-income and emerging countries.

Community Ecology

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Author : Gary G. Mittelbach
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2019-05-24

Community Ecology written by Gary G. Mittelbach and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-24 with Science categories.

Community ecology has undergone a transformation in recent years, from a discipline largely focused on processes occurring within a local area to a discipline encompassing a much richer domain of study, including the linkages between communities separated in space (metacommunity dynamics), niche and neutral theory, the interplay between ecology and evolution (eco-evolutionary dynamics), and the influence of historical and regional processes in shaping patterns of biodiversity. To fully understand these new developments, however, students continue to need a strong foundation in the study of species interactions and how these interactions are assembled into food webs and other ecological networks. This new edition fulfils the book's original aims, both as a much-needed up-to-date and accessible introduction to modern community ecology, and in identifying the important questions that are yet to be answered. This research-driven textbook introduces state-of-the-art community ecology to a new generation of students, adopting reasoned and balanced perspectives on as-yet-unresolved issues. Community Ecology is suitable for advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers seeking a broad, up-to-date coverage of ecological concepts at the community level.

Comparative Ecology Of Microorganisms And Macroorganisms

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Author : John H. Andrews
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-06-27

Comparative Ecology Of Microorganisms And Macroorganisms written by John H. Andrews and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-27 with Science categories.

This second edition textbook offers an expanded conceptual synthesis of microbial ecology with plant and animal ecology. Drawing on examples from the biology of microorganisms and macroorganisms, this textbook provides a much-needed interdisciplinary approach to ecology. The focus is the individual organism and comparisons are made along six axes: genetic variation, nutritional mode, size, growth, life cycle, and influence of the environment. When it was published in 1991, the first edition of Comparative Ecology of Microorganisms and Macroorganisms was unique in its attempt to clearly compare fundamental ecology across the gamut of size. The explosion of molecular biology and the application of its techniques to microbiology and organismal biology have particularly demonstrated the need for interdisciplinary understanding. This updated and expanded edition remains unique. It treats the same topics at greater depth and includes an exhaustive compilation of both the most recent relevant literature in microbial ecology and plant/animal ecology, as well as the early research papers that shaped the concepts and theories discussed. Among the completely updated topics in the book are phylogenetic systematics, search algorithms and optimal foraging theory, comparative metabolism, the origins of life and evolution of multicellularity, and the evolution of life cycles. From Reviews of the First Edition: "John Andrews has succeeded admirably in building a bridge that is accessible to all ecologists." -Ecology "I recommend this book to all ecologists. It is a thoughtful attempt to integrate ideas from, and develop common themes for, two fields of ecology that should not have become fragmented." -American Scientist "Such a synthesis is long past due, and it is shameful that ecologists (both big and little) have been so parochial." -The Quarterly Review of Biology