Dirac Matter
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Dirac Matter
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Author : Bertrand Duplantier
language : en
Publisher: Birkhäuser
Release Date : 2017-01-25
Dirac Matter written by Bertrand Duplantier and has been published by Birkhäuser this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-25 with Science categories.
This fifteenth volume of the Poincare Seminar Series, Dirac Matter, describes the surprising resurgence, as a low-energy effective theory of conducting electrons in many condensed matter systems, including graphene and topological insulators, of the famous equation originally invented by P.A.M. Dirac for relativistic quantum mechanics. In five highly pedagogical articles, as befits their origin in lectures to a broad scientific audience, this book explains why Dirac matters. Highlights include the detailed "Graphene and Relativistic Quantum Physics", written by the experimental pioneer, Philip Kim, and devoted to graphene, a form of carbon crystallized in a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice, from its discovery in 2004-2005 by the future Nobel prize winners Kostya Novoselov and Andre Geim to the so-called relativistic quantum Hall effect; the review entitled "Dirac Fermions in Condensed Matter and Beyond", written by two prominent theoreticians, Mark Goerbig and Gilles Montambaux, who consider many other materials than graphene, collectively known as "Dirac matter", and offer a thorough description of the merging transition of Dirac cones that occurs in the energy spectrum, in various experiments involving stretching of the microscopic hexagonal lattice; the third contribution, entitled "Quantum Transport in Graphene: Impurity Scattering as a Probe of the Dirac Spectrum", given by Hélène Bouchiat, a leading experimentalist in mesoscopic physics, with Sophie Guéron and Chuan Li, shows how measuring electrical transport, in particular magneto-transport in real graphene devices - contaminated by impurities and hence exhibiting a diffusive regime - allows one to deeply probe the Dirac nature of electrons. The last two contributions focus on topological insulators; in the authoritative "Experimental Signatures of Topological Insulators", Laurent Lévy reviews recent experimental progress in the physics of mercury-telluride samples under strain, which demonstrates that the surface of a three-dimensional topological insulator hosts a two-dimensional massless Dirac metal; the illuminating final contribution by David Carpentier, entitled "Topology of Bands in Solids: From Insulators to Dirac Matter", provides a geometric description of Bloch wave functions in terms of Berry phases and parallel transport, and of their topological classification in terms of invariants such as Chern numbers, and ends with a perspective on three-dimensional semi-metals as described by the Weyl equation. This book will be of broad general interest to physicists, mathematicians, and historians of science.
Topological Insulators
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Author : Shun-Qing Shen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-01-11
Topological Insulators written by Shun-Qing Shen and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-11 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Topological insulators are insulating in the bulk, but process metallic states present around its boundary owing to the topological origin of the band structure. The metallic edge or surface states are immune to weak disorder or impurities, and robust against the deformation of the system geometry. This book, the first of its kind on topological insulators, presents a unified description of topological insulators from one to three dimensions based on the modified Dirac equation. A series of solutions of the bound states near the boundary are derived, and the existing conditions of these solutions are described. Topological invariants and their applications to a variety of systems from one-dimensional polyacetalene, to two-dimensional quantum spin Hall effect and p-wave superconductors, and three-dimensional topological insulators and superconductors or superfluids are introduced, helping readers to better understand this fascinating new field. This book is intended for researchers and graduate students working in the field of topological insulators and related areas. Shun-Qing Shen is a Professor at the Department of Physics, the University of Hong Kong, China.
Topological Insulators
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Author : Shun-Qing Shen
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-08-18
Topological Insulators written by Shun-Qing Shen and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-08-18 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This new edition presents a unified description of these insulators from one to three dimensions based on the modified Dirac equation. It derives a series of solutions of the bound states near the boundary, and describes the current status of these solutions. Readers are introduced to topological invariants and their applications to a variety of systems from one-dimensional polyacetylene, to two-dimensional quantum spin Hall effect and p-wave superconductors, three-dimensional topological insulators and superconductors or superfluids, and topological Weyl semimetals, helping them to better understand this fascinating field. To reflect research advances in topological insulators, several parts of the book have been updated for the second edition, including: Spin-Triplet Superconductors, Superconductivity in Doped Topological Insulators, Detection of Majorana Fermions and so on. In particular, the book features a new chapter on Weyl semimetals, a topic that has attracted considerable attention and has already become a new hotpot of research in the community.
Reshaping Of Dirac Cones In Topological Insulators And Graphene
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Author : Álvaro Díaz Fernández
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-12-09
Reshaping Of Dirac Cones In Topological Insulators And Graphene written by Álvaro Díaz Fernández and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-09 with Science categories.
Dirac cones are ubiquitous to non-trivial quantum matter and are expected to boost and reshape the field of modern electronics. Particularly relevant examples where these cones arise are topological insulators and graphene. From a fundamental perspective, this thesis proposes schemes towards modifying basic properties of these cones in the aforementioned materials. The thesis begins with a brief historical introduction which is followed by an extensive chapter that endows the reader with the basic tools of symmetry and topology needed to understand the remaining text. The subsequent four chapters are devoted to the reshaping of Dirac cones by external fields and delta doping. At all times, the ideas discussed in the second chapter are always a guiding principle to understand the phenomena discussed in those four chapters. As a result, the thesis is cohesive and represents a major advance in our understanding of the physics of Dirac materials.
The Particle That Created The Universe
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Author : Carlos Partidas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020-03-26
The Particle That Created The Universe written by Carlos Partidas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-26 with categories.
And for the first time in human history, we can explain where and how the particle that created the Universe was formed. As well as how it was that the movement of this single, of one single-pole particle generated the magnetic energy that created the spirits of all beings that inhabit the Earth, and anywhere in space. But in the beginning, or before the Universe existed, at that point there was nothing, because there was neither space nor light; and neither was there time. And at some point, the quantum of energy that managed to move the particle began to form; and it was from this movement, that the Universe was created by itself. First the magnetic energy was formed, and then the electronic energy was generated. However, the only energy that can undergo changes and be transformed into matter and other types of energy is the electronic energy. And that electronic energy in the form of matter, is what now exists, and will continue to form as the universe will generate its own energy. And when magnetic energy was integrated, this kind of energy became intelligent and self-aware. And magnetic energy is the energy that gives life activity to electronic energy. And when electronic matter stops working because it deteriorates or ages, a process of disconnection will occur; and in this transition, only the electronic matter of the body will be affected, which will remain free and will be transformed into other kinds of matter. But this will not affect the magnetic energy of spirit, because magnetic energy is eternal and cannot change, so it will continue to exist only as magnetic energy.
Quantum Physics Of Light And Matter
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Author : Luca Salasnich
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-05-13
Quantum Physics Of Light And Matter written by Luca Salasnich and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-13 with Science categories.
The book gives an introduction to the field quantization (second quantization) of light and matter with applications to atomic physics. The first chapter briefly reviews the origins of special relativity and quantum mechanics and the basic notions of quantum information theory and quantum statistical mechanics. The second chapter is devoted to the second quantization of the electromagnetic field, while the third chapter shows the consequences of the light field quantization in the description of electromagnetic transitions. In the fourth chapter it is analyzed the spin of the electron, and in particular its derivation from the Dirac equation, while the fifth chapter investigates the effects of external electric and magnetic fields on the atomic spectra (Stark and Zeeman effects). The sixth chapter describes the properties of systems composed by many interacting identical particles by introducing the Hartree-Fock variational method, the density functional theory and the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Finally, in the seventh chapter it is explained the second quantization of the non-relativistic matter field, i.e. the Schrodinger field, which gives a powerful tool for the investigation of many-body problems and also atomic quantum optics. At the end of each chapter there are several solved problems which can help the students to put into practice the things they learned.
Proceedings Of The Dirac Centennial Symposium
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Author : Howard Baer
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2003
Proceedings Of The Dirac Centennial Symposium written by Howard Baer and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Science categories.
Paul Adrian Maurice Dirac (1902-84) is one of the icons of modern physics. His work provided the mathematical foundations of quantum mechanics. He also made key contributions to quantum field theory and quantum statistical mechanics. He is perhaps best known for formulating the Dirac equation, a relativistic wave equation which described the properties of the electron, and also predicted the existence of anti-matter. The Dirac Centennial Symposium commemorated the contributions of Dirac to all areas of physics, and assessed their impact on frontier research. This book constitutes the proceedings of the symposium, containing articles by Leopold Halpern, Pierre Ramond, Frank Wilczek, Maurice Goldhaber, Jonathan Bagger, Joe Lykken, Roman Jackiw, Stanley Deser, Joe Polchinski, Andre Linde and others. A special contribution from Dirac's daughter Monica Dirac presents a portrait of Paul Dirac as father and family man.
Electronic Properties Of Dirac And Weyl Semimetals
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Author : Eduard V Gorbar
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2021-01-04
Electronic Properties Of Dirac And Weyl Semimetals written by Eduard V Gorbar and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-04 with Science categories.
The monograph reviews various aspects of electronic properties of Dirac and Weyl semimetals. After a brief discussion of 2D Dirac semimetals, a comprehensive review of 3D materials is given. The description starts from an overview of the topological properties and symmetries of Dirac and Weyl semimetals. In addition, several low-energy models of Dirac and Weyl quasiparticles are presented. The key ab initio approaches and material realizations are given. The monograph includes detailed discussions of the surface Fermi arcs, anomalous transport properties, and collective modes of Dirac and Weyl semimetals. Superconductivity in these materials is briefly addressed.
The Particle That Created The Universe
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Author : Carlos L Partidas
language : en
Publisher: Independently Published
Release Date : 2020-08-25
The Particle That Created The Universe written by Carlos L Partidas and has been published by Independently Published this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-25 with categories.
We have had to edit this book, because it is important to clarify how the energy of the Universe came about, or where the magnetic energy of the spirit comes from, and the electronic matter that forms the body of all living beings. Because all beings, be they animals, humans or plants, are a consequence of the movement of the Universe. So all living beings we are really energy brothers. And in the time to come, it has to change the way of thinking and acting of the human being, since this trajectory of accelerated growth of the Universe is endless; so the Universe will never be able to reach a limit, because the most infinite one does not exist. In such a way, that we still have a long time to live as spirits. And the way of thinking of the human being has necessarily to change, so that wars end; or animals do not have to be killed to eat, since they are our energetic brothers. But hopefully, with this learning, the contradictions of philosophical, scientific and religious beliefs, which confuse the mind of the human being, will also end.
Topological Insulators
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Author : Shunqing Shen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Topological Insulators written by Shunqing Shen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Condensed matter categories.