Direkte Demokratie F R Und Wider In Der Deutschen Debatte
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Direkte Demokratie F R Und Wider In Der Deutschen Debatte
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Author : Timm Gehrmann
language : de
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2007
Direkte Demokratie F R Und Wider In Der Deutschen Debatte written by Timm Gehrmann and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2007 im Fachbereich Politik - Politische Systeme - Politisches System Deutschlands, Note: 1,3, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Veranstaltung: Direkte Demokratie in Deutschland, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: In der Antike, als Demokratie erstmals als Idee der Verwaltung größerer Einheiten aufkam, war diese in erster Linie direkt organisiert, und repräsentative Formen, wie der Rat der 500, waren nur zur Erstellung der Tagesordnung und zur Entscheidungsvorbereitung eingerichtet worden1. In der griechischen Polis traf man sich auf dem Marktplatz und es wurde durch Handzeichen abgestimmt. Diese Art der Versammlungsdemokratie hat natürlich ihre Grenzen gefunden und war dementsprechend auch nur in relativ kleinen Gebilden wie eben dem Athenischen Stadtstaat tatsächlich praktikabel. In der Folge dessen wurde die direkte Demokratie zunehmend durch repräsentative Formen des Regierens ersetzt, die zugleich aber auch zu einer Machtkonzentration bei den Vertretern des Volkes geführt haben, die es einem nicht länger erlaubten von einer Demokratie zu sprechen. Im Verlauf der Geschichte kam die Demokratie zunehmend aus der Mode und wurde durch entsprechende diktatorische Formen des Regierens ersetzt, was zunächst als eine Folge der Ablösung von direkter durch repräsentative Formen der Demokratie angesehen werden kann. Erst mit dem "Mayflower Compact" leben demokratische Ideale wieder im westlich-abendländischen Kontext auf und gipfeln schließlich in der Declaration of Independence 1776, die durch die Lossagung von der Unterdrückung durch den Englischen König den Weg für einen durch das Volk direkt und demokratisch konstituierten Staat frei macht, indem zwar aufgrund seiner Größe nicht alles, aber doch einiges in vielen Bundesstaaten demokratisch entschieden wird. Auf dem europäischen Kontinent hingegen sind die Anfänge durch die französische Revolution e er dürftig und es wird außer zur Festigung eines diktatorischen Regimes durch Plebiszite kein Gebrauch
The German L Nder
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Author : Werner Reutter
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-07-15
The German L Nder written by Werner Reutter and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-07-15 with Political Science categories.
The textbook looks at the German federal state from the perspective of the Länder. It provides information on the development of the German Länder, analyzes their significance for democracy, the federal state and the rule of law, and introduces the central principles of politics in the Länder. It offers those interested in politics, teachers and students of political science, social science, law and the humanities a comprehensive as well as condensed overview of the German Länder. This book is a translation of the original German 1st edition, Die deutschen Länder by Werner Reutter, published by Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH, part of Springer Nature in 2020. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL. com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.
Die Funktionen Des Staatsoberhauptes In Der Parlamentarischen Demokratie
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Author : Werner Kaltefleiter
language : de
Publisher: Springer-Verlag
Release Date : 2013-09-03
Die Funktionen Des Staatsoberhauptes In Der Parlamentarischen Demokratie written by Werner Kaltefleiter and has been published by Springer-Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-03 with Social Science categories.
Eine Arbeit auf dem Gebiet des "comparative government" erfordert, wenn sie nicht bei einem Vergleich positiv rechtlicher Verfassungsbestimmungen verharren will, einen doppelten Ansatz: zunächst ist eine theoretische Konzeption erforderlich, dann ist diese mit einer Vielzahl konkreter Einzelheiten aus verschiedenen Ländern zu konfron tieren, die in den Bereich des komplexen Phänomens "Verfassungswirklichkeit" hineinreichen. Nur auf diese Weiseist eine ausreichende empirische Prüfung der theore tischen Aussagen möglich. Die dafür erforderlichen Informationen lassen sich in der Regel nicht aus bloßem Literaturstudium gewinnen; man ist auf die Hilfe von Sach verständigen angewiesen, die entweder als Wissenschaftler in Kontakt mit der politischen Realität ihres Landes stehen oder die als politische Praktiker auch das theoretisch Relevante zu sehen vermögen. Der Verfasser ist deshalb dafür dankbar, daß ihm bereits im Anfangsstadium seiner Arbeit Gesprächspartner zur Verfügung standen, die ihn an ihrer Kenntnis der politi schen Problematik ihres Landes teilnehmen ließen. Von den akademischen Vertretern der Politischen Wissenschaft und auch des Öffentlichen Rechtes gilt sein Dank zu nächst Robert Mackenzie, London School of Economics and Political Science, mit dem er die Großbritannien betreffenden Fragen, insbesondere die Krise von 1931 besprach. Uwe Kitzinger, Nuffield College, Oxford, WilliamPickles, London School of Economics and Political Science, und NevilleJohnson, University of Warwick, haben das ganze Kapitel über England gelesen und viele Anregungen zu seiner Ausgestaltung gegeben.
Direkte Demokratie In Deutschland
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Author : Andreas Klages
language : de
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Direkte Demokratie In Deutschland written by Andreas Klages and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Constitutional history categories.
Erg Nzungs Conservationslexicon Erg Nzungsbl Tter Zu Allen Conversationslexiken Hrsg Unter Der Red Von Fr Steger
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Author : Fr ..... Steger
language : de
Publisher:
Release Date : 1850
Erg Nzungs Conservationslexicon Erg Nzungsbl Tter Zu Allen Conversationslexiken Hrsg Unter Der Red Von Fr Steger written by Fr ..... Steger and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1850 with categories.
Atlas Of Jordan
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Author : Myriam Ababsa
language : en
Publisher: Presses de l’Ifpo
Release Date : 2014-06-11
Atlas Of Jordan written by Myriam Ababsa and has been published by Presses de l’Ifpo this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-11 with History categories.
This atlas aims to provide the reader with key pointers for a spatial analysis of the social, economic and political dynamics at work in Jordan, an exemplary country of the Middle East complexities. Being a product of seven years of scientific cooperation between Ifpo, the Royal Jordanian Geographic Center and the University of Jordan, it includes the contributions of 48 European, Jordanian and International researchers. A long historical part followed by sections on demography, economy, social disparities, urban challenges and major town and country planning, sheds light on the formation of Jordanian territories over time. Jordan has always been looked on as an exception in the Middle East due to the political stability that has prevailed since the country’s Independence in 1946, despite the challenge of integrating several waves of Palestinian, Iraqi and - more recently - Syrian refugees. Thanks to this stability and the peace accord signed with Israel in 1994, Jordan is one of the first countries in the world for development aid per capita.
Parties Governments And Elites
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Author : Philipp Harfst
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-04-26
Parties Governments And Elites written by Philipp Harfst and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-26 with Political Science categories.
Parties, governments and elites are at the core of the study of democracy. The traditional view is that parties as collective actors play a paramount role in the democratic process. However, this classical perspective has been challenged by political actors, observers of modern democracy as well as political scientists. Modern political parties assume different roles, contemporary leaders can more heavily influence politics, governments face new constraints and new collective bodies continue to form, propose new ways of participation and policy making, and attract citizens and activists. In the light of these observations, the comparative study of democracy faces a number of important and still largely unsolved questions that the present volume will address.
Rules On Paper Rules In Practice
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Author : Edouard Al-Dahdah
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2016-07-25
Rules On Paper Rules In Practice written by Edouard Al-Dahdah and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-25 with Law categories.
The primary focus of this book is on a specific outcome of the rule of law: the practical enforcement of laws and policies, and the determinants of this enforcement, or lack thereof. Are there significant and persistent differences in implementation across countries? Why are some laws and policies more systematically enforced than others? Are “good†? laws likely to be enacted, and if not, what stands in the way? We answer these questions using a theoretical framework and detailed empirical data and illustrate with case studies from Morocco, Tunisia and Jordan. We believe that the best way to understand the variation in the drafting and implementation of laws and policies is to examine the interests and incentives of those responsible for these tasks †“ policymakers and bureaucrats. If laws and their enforcement offer concrete benefits to these ruling elites, they are more likely to be systematically enforced. If they don't, implementation is selective, discretionary, if not nil. Our first contribution is in extending the application of the concept of the rule of law beyond its traditional focus on specific organizations like the courts and the police, to economic sectors such as customs, taxation and land inheritance, in a search for a direct causal relationship with economic development outcomes. Instead of limiting ourselves to a particular type of organization or a legalistic approach to the rule of law, we present a broader theory of how laws are made and implemented across different types of sectors and organizations. Our second contribution is in demonstrating how powerful interests affect implementation outcomes. The incentives elites have to build and support rule-of-law institutions derive from the distribution of power in society, which is partly a historical given. The point we make is that it is not deterministic. Realigning the incentive structures for reform among key actors and organizations, through accountability and competition, can dramatically improve the chances that rule-of-law institutions will take root. On the other hand, building the capacity of organizations without first changing institutional incentives is likely to lead to perverse outcomes.
European Unions
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Author : Roland Erne
language : en
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Release Date : 2008
European Unions written by Roland Erne and has been published by Cornell University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Business & Economics categories.
The wage coordination policies of the European metal and construction workers' unions and the unions' responses in the ABB-Alstom Power and Alcan-Pechiney-Algroup merger cases, Erne finds, show that the activities of labor are not confined to the national level: labor's policies have undergone Europeanization. This cross-national borrowing of tactics is itself proof of the increasing integration of European states and societies."
Constitutional Democracy In Crisis
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Author : Mark A. Graber
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018-08-23
Constitutional Democracy In Crisis written by Mark A. Graber and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-23 with Law categories.
Is the world facing a serious threat to the protection of constitutional democracy? There is a genuine debate about the meaning of the various political events that have, for many scholars and observers, generated a feeling of deep foreboding about our collective futures all over the world. Do these events represent simply the normal ebb and flow of political possibilities, or do they instead portend a more permanent move away from constitutional democracy that had been thought triumphant after the demise of the Soviet Union in 1989? Constitutional Democracy in Crisis? addresses these questions head-on: Are the forces weakening constitutional democracy around the world general or nation-specific? Why have some major democracies seemingly not experienced these problems? How can we as scholars and citizens think clearly about the ideas of "constitutional crisis" or "constitutional degeneration"? What are the impacts of forces such as globalization, immigration, income inequality, populism, nationalism, religious sectarianism? Bringing together leading scholars to engage critically with the crises facing constitutional democracies in the 21st century, these essays diagnose the causes of the present afflictions in regimes, regions, and across the globe, believing at this stage that diagnosis is of central importance - as Abraham Lincoln said in his "House Divided" speech, "If we could first know where we are, and whither we are tending, we could then better judge what to do, and how to do it."