Discontinuous Phase Transitions In Condensed Matter Symmetry Breaking In Bulk Martensite Quasiperiodic And Low Dimensional Nanostructures

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Discontinuous Phase Transitions In Condensed Matter Symmetry Breaking In Bulk Martensite Quasiperiodic And Low Dimensional Nanostructures

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Author : Vladimir Dmitriev
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2023-01-19

Discontinuous Phase Transitions In Condensed Matter Symmetry Breaking In Bulk Martensite Quasiperiodic And Low Dimensional Nanostructures written by Vladimir Dmitriev and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-19 with Science categories.

Discontinuous (first-order) phase transitions constitute the most fundamental and widespread type of structural transitions existing in Nature, forming a large majority of the transitions found in elemental crystals, alloys, inorganic compounds, minerals and complex fluids. Nevertheless, only a small part of them, namely, weakly discontinuous transformations, were considered by phenomenological theories, leaving aside the most interesting from a theoretical point of view and the most important for application cases. Discontinuous Phase Transitions in Condensed Matter introduces a density-wave approach to phase transitions which results in a unified, symmetry-based, model-free theory of the weak crystallization of molecular mixtures to liquid-crystalline mesophases, strongly discontinuous crystallization from molten metals and alloys to conventional, fully segregated crystals, to aperiodic, quasi-crystalline structures. Assembly of aperiodic closed virus capsids with non-crystallographic symmetry also falls into the domain of applicability of the density-wave approach.The book also considers the applicability domains of the symmetry-based approach in physics of low-dimensional systems. It includes comparisons of stability of different surface superstructures and metal monoatomic coverage structures on the surface of single-crystalline substrates. The example of the twisted graphene bilayer demonstrates how parametrization in the spirit of an advanced phenomenological approach can establish symmetry-controlled, and therefore model-free, links between geometrical parameters of the twisted bilayer structure and reconstruction of its Brillouin zone and energy bands.

Magnetism And Structure In Functional Materials

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Author : Antoni Planes
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2005-12-21

Magnetism And Structure In Functional Materials written by Antoni Planes and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-12-21 with Science categories.

Magnetism and Structure in Functional Materials addresses three distinct but related topics: (i) magnetoelastic materials such as magnetic martensites and magnetic shape memory alloys, (ii) the magnetocaloric effect related to magnetostructural transitions, and (iii) colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) and related manganites. The goal is to identify common underlying principles in these classes of materials that are relevant for optimizing various functionalities. The emergence of apparently different magnetic/structural phenomena in disparate classes of materials clearly points to a need for common concepts in order to achieve a broader understanding of the interplay between magnetism and structure in this general class of new functional materials exhibiting ever more complex microstructure and function. The topic is interdisciplinary in nature and the contributors correspondingly include physicists, materials scientists and engineers. Likewise the book will appeal to scientists from all these areas.

Structure Of Materials

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Author : Marc De Graef
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2012-10-08

Structure Of Materials written by Marc De Graef and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This highly readable, popular textbook for upper undergraduates and graduates comprehensively covers the fundamentals of crystallography and symmetry, applying these concepts to a large range of materials. New to this edition are more streamlined coverage of crystallography, additional coverage of magnetic point group symmetry and updated material on extraterrestrial minerals and rocks. New exercises at the end of chapters, plus over 500 additional exercises available online, allow students to check their understanding of key concepts and put into practice what they have learnt. Over 400 illustrations within the text help students visualise crystal structures and more abstract mathematical objects, supporting more difficult topics like point group symmetries. Historical and biographical sections add colour and interest by giving an insight into those who have contributed significantly to the field. Supplementary online material includes password-protected solutions, over 100 crystal structure data files, and Powerpoints of figures from the book.

2d Materials

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Author : Phaedon Avouris
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-06-29

2d Materials written by Phaedon Avouris and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-06-29 with Science categories.

A comprehensive and accessible introduction to 2D materials, covering basic physics, electronic and optical properties, and potential applications.

Continuum Micromechanics

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Author : P. Suquet
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-10-08

Continuum Micromechanics written by P. Suquet and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book presents the most recent progress of fundamental nature made in the new developed field of micromechanics: transformation field analysis, variational bounds for nonlinear composites, higher-order gradients in micromechanical damage models, dynamics of composites, pattern based variational bounds.

Electrical Contacts

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Author : Milenko Braunovic
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-12-19

Electrical Contacts written by Milenko Braunovic and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-19 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Various factors affect the performance of electrical contacts, including tribological, mechanical, electrical, and materials aspects. Although these behaviors have been studied for many years, they are not widely used or understood in practice. Combining approaches used across the globe, Electrical Contacts: Fundamentals, Applications, and Technology integrates advances in research and development in the tribological, material, and analytical aspects of electrical contacts with new data on electrical current transfer at the micro- and nanoscales. Taking an application-oriented approach, the authors illustrate how material characteristics, tribological behavior, and loading impact the degradation of contacts, formation of intermetallics, and overall reliability and performance. Coverage is divided broadly into three sections, with the first focused on mechanics, tribology, materials, current and heat transfer, and basic reliability issues of electrical contacts. The next section explores applications, such as power connections, electronic connections, and sliding contacts, while the final section presents the diagnostic and monitoring techniques used to investigate and measure phenomena occurring at electrical contact interfaces. Numerous references to current literature reflect the fact that this book is the most comprehensive survey in the field. Explore an impressive collection of data, theory, and practical applications in Electrical Contacts: Fundamentals, Applications, and Technology, a critical tool for anyone investigating or designing electrical equipment with improved performance and reliability in mind.

Atomic Force Microscopy Scanning Tunneling Microscopy

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Author : Samuel H. Cohen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1994

Atomic Force Microscopy Scanning Tunneling Microscopy written by Samuel H. Cohen and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Science categories.

Papers presented at the first US Army Natick Research, Development and Engineering Center Symposium on [title], held in Natick, Mass., June 1993. The various symposium topics included application of AFM/STM in material sciences, polymers, physics, biology and biotechnology, along with recent developments including new probe microscopies. The procee.

Fundamentals Of Picoscience

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Author : Klaus D. Sattler
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2013-09-26

Fundamentals Of Picoscience written by Klaus D. Sattler and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-26 with Science categories.

Now ubiquitous in public discussions about cutting-edge science and technology, nanoscience has generated many advances and inventions, from the development of new quantum mechanical methods to far-reaching applications in electronics and medical diagnostics. Ushering in the next technological era, Fundamentals of Picoscience focuses on the instrumentation and experiments emerging at the picometer scale. One picometer is the length of a trillionth of a meter. Compared to a human cell of typically ten microns, this is roughly ten million times smaller. In this state-of-the-art book, international scientists and researchers at the forefront of the field present the materials and methods used at the picoscale. They address the key challenges in developing new instrumentation and techniques to visualize and measure structures at this sub-nanometer level. With numerous figures, the book will help you: Understand how picoscience is an extension of nanoscience Determine which experimental technique to use in your research Connect basic studies to the development of next-generation picoelectronic devices The book covers various approaches for detecting, characterizing, and imaging at the picoscale. It then presents picoscale methods ranging from scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to spectroscopic approaches at sub-nanometer spatial and energy resolutions. It also covers novel picoscale structures and picometer positioning systems. The book concludes with picoscale device applications, including single molecule electronics and optical computers. Introductions in each chapter explain basic concepts, define technical terms, and give context to the main material.

Modern Magnetic Materials

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Author : Robert C. O'Handley
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-Interscience
Release Date : 1999-11-26

Modern Magnetic Materials written by Robert C. O'Handley and has been published by Wiley-Interscience this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-11-26 with Science categories.

A truly modern treatment of materials that can hold a magnetic field. * Covers cutting-edge materials with many important technical applications. * Includes examples and problems along with computer solutions.

Topological Defects And The Non Equilibrium Dynamics Of Symmetry Breaking Phase Transitions

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Author : Yuriy M. Bunkov
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2000-02-29

Topological Defects And The Non Equilibrium Dynamics Of Symmetry Breaking Phase Transitions written by Yuriy M. Bunkov and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-02-29 with Science categories.

Topological defects formed at symmetry-breaking phase transitions play an important role in many different fields of physics. They appear in many condensed-matter systems at low temperature; examples include vortices in superfluid helium-4, a rich variety of defects in helium-3, quantized mag netic flux tubes in type-II superconductors, and disclination lines and other defects in liquid crystals. In cosmology, unified gauge theories of particle interactions suggest a sequence of phase transitions in the very early uni verse some of which may lead to defect formation. In astrophysics, defects play an important role in the dynamics of neutron stars. In 1997 the European Science Foundation started the scientific network "Topological defects" headed by Tom Kibble. This network has provided us with a unique opportunity of establishing a collaboration between the representatives of these very different branches of modern physics. The NATO-ASI (Advanced Study Institute), held in Les Houches in February 1999 thanks to the support of the Scientific Division of NATO, the European Science Foundation and the CNRS, represents a key event of this ESF network. It brought together participants from widely different fields, with diverse expertise and vocabulary, fostering the exchange of ideas. The lectures given by particle physicists, cosmologists and condensed matter physicists are the result of the fruitful collaborations established since 1997 between groups in several European countries and in the U.S.A.