Ecological Development And Functioning Of Biological Soil Crusts After Natural And Human Disturbances
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Ecological Development And Functioning Of Biological Soil Crusts After Natural And Human Disturbances
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Author : Vincent John Martin Noah Linus Felde
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2021-09-02
Ecological Development And Functioning Of Biological Soil Crusts After Natural And Human Disturbances written by Vincent John Martin Noah Linus Felde and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-02 with Science categories.
Biological Soil Crusts Spatio Temporal Development And Ecological Functions Of Soil Surface Microbial Communities Across Different Scales
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Author : Shubin Lan
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2024-08-09
Biological Soil Crusts Spatio Temporal Development And Ecological Functions Of Soil Surface Microbial Communities Across Different Scales written by Shubin Lan and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-08-09 with Science categories.
Biological soil crusts (biocrusts) are widely distributed throughout the world, and cover approximately 12% of the terrestrial surface. Biocrusts are composed of cyanobacteria, algae, lichens, mosses, and a great diversity of other microorganisms, which bind soil particles together to form a layer of biological-soil matrix on the soil surface typically of several millimetres thickness. They are important sites of regional and global microbial diversity and perform multiple ecological functions (multifunctionality). During the evolution of terrestrial life on earth, biocrusts are regarded as the main colonising photosynthetic organisms before the advent of vascular vegetation. They not only represent the early stages of terrestrial ecosystems, but also facilitate the ecosystem’s development and succession. Therefore, biocrusts are recognised as ecological engineers in the natural development of ecosystems and for the restoration of degraded terrestrial ecosystems. The development of biocrusts is highly heterogeneous, which is reflected on both temporal and spatial scales, and this heterogeneity is still clearly visible even in a small scale. However, up to now, only limited knowledge is acquired on biocrust temporal and spatial organisation. In particular there still is a large knowledge gap regarding the various biocrust communities under different developmental states and their related physiological metabolisms and ecological functions. Therefore, in-depth studies of these issues will undoubtedly further promote our understanding of the heterogeneous development of biocrusts, as well as their ecological multifunctionality in terrestrial ecosystems. The relevant contributions are expected to provide a scientific basis for the management of biocrusts and technology development (e.g. cyanobacteria-induced biocrust technology) for ecological restoration and the promotion of soil health.
Biological Soil Crusts An Organizing Principle In Drylands
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Author : Bettina Weber
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-05-21
Biological Soil Crusts An Organizing Principle In Drylands written by Bettina Weber and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-05-21 with Nature categories.
This volume summarizes our current understanding of biological soil crusts (biocrusts), which are omnipresent in dryland regions. Since they cover the soil surface, they influence, or even control, all surface exchange processes. Being one of the oldest terrestrial communities, biocrusts comprise a high diversity of cyanobacteria, algae, lichens and bryophytes together with uncounted bacteria, and fungi. The authors show that biocrusts are an integral part of dryland ecosystems, stabilizing soils, influencing plant germination and growth, and playing a key role in carbon, nitrogen and water cycling. Initial attempts have been made to use biocrusts as models in ecological theory. On the other hand, biocrusts are endangered by local disruptions and global change, highlighting the need for enhanced recovery methods. This book offers a comprehensive overview of the fascinating field of biocrust research, making it indispensable not only for scientists in this area, but also for land managers, policy makers, and anyone interested in the environment.
Biological Soil Crusts Structure Function And Management
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Author : Jayne Belnap
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-12-01
Biological Soil Crusts Structure Function And Management written by Jayne Belnap and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-01 with Science categories.
In arid lands, where vegetation is sparse or absent, the open ground is not bare but generally covered by a community of small, highly specialized organisms. Cyanobacteria, algae, microfungi, lichens, and bryophytes aggregate soil particles to form a coherent skin - the biological soil crust. It stabilizes and protects the soil surface from erosion by wind and water, influences water runoff and infiltration, and contributes nitrogen and carbon to desert soils. Soil surface disturbance, such as heavy livestock grazing, human trampling or off-road vehicles, breaks up the fragile soil crust, thus compromising its stability, structure, and productivity. This book is the first synthesis of the biology of soil crusts and their importance as an ecosystem component. Composition and functioning of different soil-crust types are discussed, and case studies are used to show the impact of crusts on landscape hydrology, soil stability, nutrient cycles, and land management.
Routledge Handbook Of Ecological And Environmental Restoration
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Author : Stuart K. Allison
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2017-05-18
Routledge Handbook Of Ecological And Environmental Restoration written by Stuart K. Allison and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-18 with Nature categories.
Ecological restoration is a rapidly evolving discipline that is engaged with developing both methodologies and strategies for repairing damaged and polluted ecosystems and environments. During the last decade the rapid pace of climate change coupled with continuing habitat destruction and the spread of non-native species to new habitats has forced restoration ecologists to re-evaluate their goals and the methods they use. This comprehensive handbook brings together an internationally respected group of established and rising experts in the field. The book begins with a description of current practices and the state of knowledge in particular areas of restoration, and then identifies new directions that will help the field achieve increasing levels of future success. Part I provides basic background about ecological and environmental restoration. Part II systematically reviews restoration in key ecosystem types located throughout the world. In Part III, management and policy issues are examined in detail, offering the first comprehensive treatment of policy relevance in the field, while Part IV looks to the future. Ultimately, good ecological restoration depends upon a combination of good science, policy, planning and outreach – all issues that are addressed in this unrivalled volume.
Arid Lands Management
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Author : T. W. Hoekstra
language : en
Publisher: University of Illinois Press
Release Date : 1999
Arid Lands Management written by T. W. Hoekstra and has been published by University of Illinois Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Nature categories.
Offers various directions for both research and management.
Forest And Rangeland Soils Of The United States Under Changing Conditions
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Author : Richard V. Pouyat
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-09-02
Forest And Rangeland Soils Of The United States Under Changing Conditions written by Richard V. Pouyat and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-02 with Science categories.
This open access book synthesizes leading-edge science and management information about forest and rangeland soils of the United States. It offers ways to better understand changing conditions and their impacts on soils, and explores directions that positively affect the future of forest and rangeland soil health. This book outlines soil processes and identifies the research needed to manage forest and rangeland soils in the United States. Chapters give an overview of the state of forest and rangeland soils research in the Nation, including multi-decadal programs (chapter 1), then summarizes various human-caused and natural impacts and their effects on soil carbon, hydrology, biogeochemistry, and biological diversity (chapters 2–5). Other chapters look at the effects of changing conditions on forest soils in wetland and urban settings (chapters 6–7). Impacts include: climate change, severe wildfires, invasive species, pests and diseases, pollution, and land use change. Chapter 8 considers approaches to maintaining or regaining forest and rangeland soil health in the face of these varied impacts. Mapping, monitoring, and data sharing are discussed in chapter 9 as ways to leverage scientific and human resources to address soil health at scales from the landscape to the individual parcel (monitoring networks, data sharing Web sites, and educational soils-centered programs are tabulated in appendix B). Chapter 10 highlights opportunities for deepening our understanding of soils and for sustaining long-term ecosystem health and appendix C summarizes research needs. Nine regional summaries (appendix A) offer a more detailed look at forest and rangeland soils in the United States and its Affiliates.
Andrews Mangement Unit Steens Mountain Cooperative Management And Protection Area
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Andrews Mangement Unit Steens Mountain Cooperative Management And Protection Area written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
Carrizo Plain National Monument N M Resource Management Plan
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Carrizo Plain National Monument N M Resource Management Plan written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Microbiology Of Hot Deserts
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Author : Jean-Baptiste Ramond
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-07-28
Microbiology Of Hot Deserts written by Jean-Baptiste Ramond and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-28 with Science categories.
This book covers the wider aspects of the microbiology of hot desert soil ecosystems, compiling disparate information from a range of relevant desert soil microbial fields. The reader learns about microbial ecology of the more dominant and possibly most important desert habitats, detailing the phylogenetic and functional diversity of these different habitats as well as their potential role in desert ecosystem ecology. Particular attention is also given to microbial stress adaptation in hot desert soils. Furthermore, it is the first volume in this particular field to cover modern metagenomics technologies that can be applied to studies of all aspects of desert microbial communities. Additionally, the book explores viruses and viral communities, which are among the least studied (and little understood) components of desert soil microbial communities. Particular attention is also given to the roles of desert microbial communities in biogeochemical cycling of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. Through this book the reader discovers how desert microbiology has been at the forefront of Astrobiology and how it may be used conceptually in future terraforming strategies. Desert ecosystems are increasingly coming into focus given the impacts of climate change and desertification trends, making this volume particularly timely. Each of the chapters is authored by leading international researchers and is a must-read for microbial ecologists.