Effects Of Honey Bee Apis Mellifera Intracolonial Genetic Diversity On The Acquisition And Allocation Of Protein
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Effects Of Honey Bee Apis Mellifera Intracolonial Genetic Diversity On The Acquisition And Allocation Of Protein
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Author : Bruce James Eckholm
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Effects Of Honey Bee Apis Mellifera Intracolonial Genetic Diversity On The Acquisition And Allocation Of Protein written by Bruce James Eckholm and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Honeybee categories.
Diversity In The Genus Apis
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Author : Deborah Roan Smith
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2019-03-07
Diversity In The Genus Apis written by Deborah Roan Smith and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-07 with Science categories.
The honey bees were formerly seen as a small, static group comprising four species, whose behavior and ecology were simple variants on the patterns found in Apis mellifera. The picture now is one of a large, actively speciating group, reflecting in part the complex geological and biological influence of the Apis environment. Research on this diversity has benefitted from new techniques of DNA analysis applied to several long-standing problems in honey bee phylogenetics and that are reported in this volume. The behavior and ecology of the Apis species and populations are also more diverse and differentiated than previously recognized: Radically different orientation systems as expressed through dance language exist in various species. This study of Apis will be of great interest not only to biologists and apiculturalists but to anyone interested in systematics, genetics, and ethology. Our view of apis has changed radically in the past few years as a result of recent research on the Asian honeybee. The contributors to this book focus on systematics, genetics, behaviour and ecology to offer a synthesis for understanding this economically and scientifically important genus.
Genetic Diversity And Effects Of The Bacterial Pathogen Melissococcus Plutonius In Swiss Honey Bee Populations Apis Mellifera
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Author : Daniela Grossar
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Genetic Diversity And Effects Of The Bacterial Pathogen Melissococcus Plutonius In Swiss Honey Bee Populations Apis Mellifera written by Daniela Grossar and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
Thèse. Biologie. Médecine. 2023
Bee Genetics And Breeding
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Author : Thomas E. Rinderer
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2013-09-03
Bee Genetics And Breeding written by Thomas E. Rinderer and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-03 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Bee Genetics and Breeding provides an overview of the state of knowledge in bee genetics and breeding. The book is organized into two parts. Part I deals with the scholarly issues of bee genetics. It is intended as a reference source for students of both bees and genetics. It could also serve as a text for university courses in bee genetics. Topics discussed include the evolution of eusocial insects; geographical variability and classification of honey bees; and behavioral and biochemical genetics of honey bees. Part II deals more specifically with the practical issues of bee breeding. The discussions include the quantitative genetics of honey bees; ways to define and measure honey-bee characteristics so that the "best" parents for honey-bee stock improvement programs can be selected; and mating designs. This section contains sufficient guidance for bee breeders to initiate or improve breeding programs. Apiculturalists generally will find this part especially interesting since the quality of their own bee stock depends on the skills and knowledge of the breeders who produce their queens.
The Potential Impact Of Pathogens On Honey Bee Apis Mellifera L Colonies And Possibilities For Their Control
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Author : Suresh Desai
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
The Potential Impact Of Pathogens On Honey Bee Apis Mellifera L Colonies And Possibilities For Their Control written by Suresh Desai and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Excessive honey bee colony losses all over the world are believed to be caused by multiple stressors. In this thesis, I characterized and quantified pathogen levels in honey bee colonies, studied their interactions with each other and with their associated parasite vectors, examined factors that influence their combined impacts on honey bees and developed methods to manage honey bee viruses so that colony losses can be minimized. My baseline study of virus prevalence and concentration in healthy and unhealthy (showing visible signs of disease) colonies in Canada showed that seven economically important viruses (DWV, BQCV, IAPV, KBV, SBV, ABPV, and CBPV) were all widely distributed in Canada. Differences in concentration and prevalence of some viruses were found between unhealthy and healthy colonies but these differences may have been due in part to seasonal or regional effects. Studies of the impact of viruses on worker bee populations over winter showed different factors were correlated with bee loss in different environments. Spring concentrations of DWV and mean abundance of Varroa (Varroa destructor) were positively correlated with bee loss and negatively correlated with spring population size in outdoor-wintered colonies. Fall concentration of IAPV was negatively correlated with spring population size of colonies in indoor-wintering environments but not in outdoor-environments. My study showed that it is important to consider location of sampling when associating pathogen loads with bee loss with Nosema and BQCV. Seasonal patterns of parasites and pathogens were characterized for each wintering methods (indoor and outdoor). My results revealed lower ABPV and Nosema ceranae prevalence and lower DWV concentration in genetically diverse than genetically similar colonies. I showed that within colony genetic diversity may be an important evolutionary adaptation to allow honey bees to defend against a wide range of diseases. In laboratory studies, I showed that feeding DWV to larvae in the absence of Varroa causes wing deformity and decreased survival rates of adult bees relative to bees not fed DWV. Finally, I showed that RNA silencing can be used to reduce DWV concentrations in immature and adult bees, reduce wing deformity in emerging adults, and increase their longevity relative to controls.
Effects Of Pollen Collected By Honey Bees From Pollination Dependent Agricultural Cropping Systems On Honey Bee Nutrition
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Author : Ellen Topitzhofer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Effects Of Pollen Collected By Honey Bees From Pollination Dependent Agricultural Cropping Systems On Honey Bee Nutrition written by Ellen Topitzhofer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Bee pollen categories.
Managed honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies are important pollinators of many cultivated crops. Honey bee colony declines averaging 30% annually in the United States for the past 7 years have caused significant concern and hence have been a topic of intensive investigation. These declines are reportedly due to multiple factors. Poor nutrition, which may be a result of current migratory pollination practices, is one such factor. Migratory pollination is a common practice of beekeepers from the Pacific Northwest and involves the placement of managed honey bee colonies within a series of cropping systems. There is a gap in knowledge on how migratory pollination practices impact honey bee nutrition. To understand the potential impacts of migratory pollination on honey bee nutrition, it is critical to assess the diversity of pollen collected by bees when colonies are placed adjacent to these cropping systems. In this study, we describe the diversity of pollen collected by honey bee colonies managed by beekeepers in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States when placed in seven major cropping systems. We quantified the percent of target crop pollen and overall diversity of pollen collected by honey bees when colonies were placed in these cropping systems. We collected and identified pollen in almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.)), cherry (Prunus avium L.), highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), meadowfoam (Limnanthes alba Benth.), white clover (Trifolium repens L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), and carrot (Daucus carota (Hoffm.)) cropping systems. We found that pollen collected from colonies placed in almond cropping systems was predominately Prunus sp., and hence, low in pollen diversity. At the other end of the spectrum, pollen collected from colonies placed adjacent to blueberry cropping systems did not yield any target pollen types (Highbush blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum L.), but was high in overall pollen diversity. The pollen collected from colonies placed in other cropping systems was largely intermediate in diversity between these two extremes. There were not many plant species in bloom when pollen was collected from colonies placed in almond cropping system, whereas more plants were in bloom when we collected pollen from colonies placed in blueberry cropping system. The results of this study demonstrate that honey bees collected pollen from plants in the surrounding environment and collected different degrees of pollen diversity across different cropping systems in which the colonies were placed. We further determined if pollen diversity influences colony-level protein utilization and biosynthesis of protein in nurse bees by conducting a pollen feeding experiment. Pollen collected from four different cropping systems in the first study was used to formulate four different diets, each varying in pollen diversity. We measured protein consumption in experimental colonies and by sampling nurse bees from each colony to estimate hypopharyngeal gland protein content and proteolytic enzyme activity after five weeks of feeding on the experimental pollen diets. Experimental colonies fed on pollen collected from almond cropping system exhibited a high protein consumption rate. However, low protein content as found in hypopharyngeal glands of nurse bees in these colonies. The nurse bees in these colonies also had low proteolytic enzyme activity, which indicates a lower rate of protein digestion. Overall, these results suggest that the diet representing pollen collected from almond cropping systems had low digestion rate and may have resulted in lower nurse bee hypopharyngeal gland protein. However, we cannot say this with certainty, as there were other confounding factors involved, such as presence of pesticides in the pollen collected from the cropping systems.
Behavioral And Evolutionary Mechanisms Of Polyandry In Honey Bees Apis Mellifera
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Author : David Roger Tarpy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Behavioral And Evolutionary Mechanisms Of Polyandry In Honey Bees Apis Mellifera written by David Roger Tarpy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Honeybee categories.
Evaluating Polyandry Manipulation And Intercolony Genetic Mixing On Honey Bee Colony Strength And Resistance To Varroa Destructor
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Author : John Francis Menz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Evaluating Polyandry Manipulation And Intercolony Genetic Mixing On Honey Bee Colony Strength And Resistance To Varroa Destructor written by John Francis Menz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with categories.
Apis mellifera L., the European honey bee, is a social insect that is vital to managed pollination services in the United States. Honey bee health and colony survival are challenged by the novel parasite Varroa destructor (Anderson & Trueman 2000). Honey bee queens are naturally polyandrous, mating with an average of 12 males. Hyper-polyandrous queens, created via artificial insemination, have shown increased resistance to Varroa mites. This project combined a hyper-polyandry treatment with a genetic treatment of bees selected for Varroa Sensitive Hygienic (VSH) trait, an additive rare resistance trait. The combination of these two intrinsic forms of resistance resulted in colonies with lower Varroa mite levels and these findings offer support to the rare-allele hypothesis for the evolution of extreme polyandry in honey bees. Additionally, an applied field method was evaluated to simulate the benefits of hyper-polyandry via brood mixing: the manual sharing of immature bees between a set of colonies to increase genetic diversity without artificial insemination. Brood mixing did not have a significant effect on any measure of colony strength and the lack of similar results to relevant tests of hyper-polyandry in the United Kingdom may be due to the homogeneous genetic structure of the United States honey bee population and indicates a lack of heterogeneous genetics when sourcing queen stock from individual honey bee queen breeders.
Old World Honey Bee Apis Mellifera Populations
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Author : Megan Alana Taylor
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Old World Honey Bee Apis Mellifera Populations written by Megan Alana Taylor and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Based on microsatellite analysis, Old World honey bee subspecies (A. m. ligustica, A. m. carnica, and A. m. caucasica) had similar levels of overall allelic richness compared to U.S. commercial strains and New World feral populations. However, Old World subspecies contained almost half (47%) of all unique alleles found. The remainder were distributed among U.S. commercial strains (15%) and New World feral populations (38%). Unfortunately, because feral populations have been largely reduced due to the parasitic mite Varroa destructor, U.S. commercial queen producer strains are a more realistic predictor of current genetic diversity within the U.S. Results also indicated that there were significant losses in overall allelic richness through time (QP 2015 vs QP 2004 and QP 1994; p
Evidence For Genetic Differences In The Africanized Honey Bee Populations Of South And North America
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Author : Fatimah S. Alhamlan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Evidence For Genetic Differences In The Africanized Honey Bee Populations Of South And North America written by Fatimah S. Alhamlan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Africanized honeybee categories.