Electronic States And Optical Transitions In Semiconductor Heterostructures
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Electronic States And Optical Transitions In Semiconductor Heterostructures
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Author : Fedor T. Vasko
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Electronic States And Optical Transitions In Semiconductor Heterostructures written by Fedor T. Vasko and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The study of semiconductor heterostructures started more than forty years ago. In the 1980s this area of research moved to the forefront of semiconduc tor physics, largely due to progress in growth technologies which are now capable of producing ultrathin layers (up to a few monolayers) of different semiconductor materials. The availability of structures with nearly ideal, well-controlled properties has made semiconductor heterostructures a test ing ground for solid-state physics. These structures have had a profound impact on basic research in semiconductor physics by opening new possibil ities for studying low-dimensional electrons, as well as the atomic and elec tronic properties of interfaces. Semiconductor heterostructures have also a variety of important practical applications: they provide a material basis for a number of novel devices, and also open the way for improving the operating characteristics of traditional micro- and optoelectronic compo nents. As a result of the growing importance of heterostructure physics, more and more people are entering this dynamic field, either from graduate school or from other areas of research. For the new entrants, the task of familiariz ing themselves with the vast body of existing knowledge about heterostruc tures has become quite a challenge, due to the rapid development of the field and its increasing subdivision into distinct subfields. Even for those who already work in one area of heterostructure physics, keeping up with the developments in neighboring areas is not an easy task. The purpose of this book is to make heterostructure physics more accessible.
Graphene Based Terahertz Electronics And Plasmonics
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Author : Vladimir Mitin
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2020-11-23
Graphene Based Terahertz Electronics And Plasmonics written by Vladimir Mitin and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-11-23 with Medical categories.
Graphene demonstrates interesting electrical, optical, and optoelectronic properties. A number of other one-atom-thick material structures have been discovered and studied. Industrially applicable technologies for these structures are currently under active development. In spite of enormous research in the area of devices based on graphene, the number of extensive review publications on THz devices based on graphene is small. This review volume would fill the gap. Researchers and engineers working in the fields of electronics and plasmonics can use it to understand the influence of plasmonics on device performance. The book can be also be used as a required text for doctorate courses and as a supplementary material for postgraduate courses. The material presented in the book is reviewed in detail in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 discusses the electronic and plasmonic properties of graphene and heterostructures based on graphene for all devices. Chapters 3–7 focus on the concepts of detectors and emitters with a special emphasis on plasmonic enhancement of those devices as well as on population inversion and lasing.
Spinors In Physics
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Author : Jean Hladik
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Spinors In Physics written by Jean Hladik and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Invented by Dirac in creating his relativistic quantum theory of the electron, spinors are important in quantum theory, relativity, nuclear physics, atomic and molecular physics, and condensed matter physics. Essentially, they are the mathematical entities that correspond to electrons in the same way that ordinary wave functions correspond to classical particles. Because of their relations to the rotation group SO(n) and the unitary group SU(n), this discussion will be of interest to applied mathematicians as well as physicists.
Laser Cooling And Trapping
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Author : Harold J. Metcalf
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Laser Cooling And Trapping written by Harold J. Metcalf and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Laser cooling is a relatively new technique that has led to insights into the behavior of atoms as well as confirming with striking detail some of the fundamental notions of quantum mechanics, such as the condensation predicted by S.N. Bose. This elegant technique, whereby atoms, molecules, and even microscopic beads of glass, are trapped in small regions of free space by beams of light and subsequently moved at will using other beams, provides a useful research tool for the study of individual atoms and clusters of atoms, for investigating the details of chemical reactions, and even for determining the physical properties of individual macromolecules such as synthetic polymers and DNA. Intended for advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students who have some basic knowledge of optics and quantum mechanics, this text begins with a review of the relevant results of quantum mechanics, it then turns to the electromagnetic interactions involved in slowing and trapping atoms and ions, in both magnetic and optical traps. The concluding chapters discuss a broad range of applications, from atomic clocks and studies of collision processes to diffraction and interference of atomic beams at optical lattices and Bose-Einstein condensation.
Conformal Field Theory
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Author : Philippe Francesco
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1997
Conformal Field Theory written by Philippe Francesco and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Gardening categories.
Filling an important gap in the literature, this comprehensive text develops conformal field theory from first principles. The treatment is self-contained, pedagogical, and exhaustive, and includes a great deal of background material on quantum field theory, statistical mechanics, Lie algebras and affine Lie algebras. The many exercises, with a wide spectrum of difficulty and subjects, complement and in many cases extend the text. The text is thus not only an excellent tool for classroom teaching but also for individual study. Intended primarily for graduate students and researchers in theoretical high-energy physics, mathematical physics, condensed matter theory, statistical physics, the book will also be of interest in other areas of theoretical physics and mathematics. It will prepare the reader for original research in this very active field of theoretical and mathematical physics.
Quantum Mechanics Fundamentals
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Author : Kurt Gottfried
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-12-01
Quantum Mechanics Fundamentals written by Kurt Gottfried and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-01 with Science categories.
Quantum mechanics was already an old and solidly established subject when the first edition of this book appeared in 1966. The context in which a graduate text on quantum mechanics is studied today has changed a good deal, however. In 1966, most entering physics graduate students had a quite limited exposure to quan tum mechanics in the form of wave mechanics. Today the standard undergraduate curriculum contains a large dose of elementary quantum mechanics, and often intro duces the abstract formalism due to Dirac. Back then, the study of the foundations by theorists and experimenters was close to dormant, and very few courses spent any time whatever on this topic. At that very time, however, John Bell's famous theorem broke the ice, and there has been a great flowering ever since, especially in the laboratory thanks to the development of quantum optics, and more recently because of the interest in quantum computing. And back then, the Feynman path integral was seen by most as a veryimaginative but rather useless formulation of quantum mechanics, whereas it now plays a large role in statistical physics and quantum field theory, especially in computational work. For these and other reasons, this book is not just a revision of the 1966 edition. It has been rewritten throughout, is differently organized, and goes into greater depth on many topics that were in the old edition.
Clusters And Small Particles
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Author : Boris M. Smirnov
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Clusters And Small Particles written by Boris M. Smirnov and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Small particles in gaseous systems are called clusters, aerosols, dust particles, Aitken particles, etc., depending on their size, the media where they are observed, and the field of science in which they are studied. Below we call clusters systems of bound atoms or molecules containing from several atoms (molecules) up to thousands, so that their structure can be essential for determining their properties. If clusters are like bulk systems, we call them small particles. The principal pecu liarity of clusters is with respect to magic numbers of cluster atoms that correspond to a heightened cluster stability. Magic numbers correspond to complete structures of clusters as systems of bound atoms or molecules. The values of magic nwnbers depend on the character of interaction of the cluster's atoms. Cluster parameters as a function of the number of cluster atoms n have extrema at the magic nwnbers of atoms. For example, a cluster with a magic nwnber of atoms has a higher binding energy and ionization potential than clusters with neighboring nwnbers of atoms. The difference between clusters and small particles is such that parameters of small particles are monotonic functions of the nwnber of their atoms, while for clusters these parameters have local extrema at magic nwnbers of atoms.
The K P Method
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Author : Lok C. Lew Yan Voon
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-06-06
The K P Method written by Lok C. Lew Yan Voon and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-06 with Science categories.
I ?rst heard of k·p in a course on semiconductor physics taught by my thesis adviser William Paul at Harvard in the fall of 1956. He presented the k·p Hamiltonian as a semiempirical theoretical tool which had become rather useful for the interpre- tion of the cyclotron resonance experiments, as reported by Dresselhaus, Kip and Kittel. This perturbation technique had already been succinctly discussed by Sho- ley in a now almost forgotten 1950 Physical Review publication. In 1958 Harvey Brooks, who had returned to Harvard as Dean of the Division of Engineering and Applied Physics in which I was enrolled, gave a lecture on the capabilities of the k·p technique to predict and ?t non-parabolicities of band extrema in semiconductors. He had just visited the General Electric Labs in Schenectady and had discussed with Evan Kane the latter’s recent work on the non-parabolicity of band extrema in semiconductors, in particular InSb. I was very impressed by Dean Brooks’s talk as an application of quantum mechanics to current real world problems. During my thesis work I had performed a number of optical measurements which were asking for theoretical interpretation, among them the dependence of effective masses of semiconductors on temperature and carrier concentration. Although my theoretical ability was rather limited, with the help of Paul and Brooks I was able to realize the capabilities of the k·p method for interpreting my data in a simple way.
Geometry Particles And Fields
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Author : Bjoern Felsager
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Geometry Particles And Fields written by Bjoern Felsager and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Geometry, Particles and Fields is a direct reprint of the first edition. From a review of the first edition: "The present volume is a welcome edition to the growing number of books that develop geometrical language and use it to describe new developments in particle physics...It provides clear treatment that is accessible to graduate students with a knowledge of advanced calculus and of classical physics...The second half of the book deals with the principles of differential geometry and its applications, with a mathematical machinery of very wide range. Here clear line drawings and illustrations supplement the multitude of mathematical definitions. This section, in its clarity and pedagogy, is reminiscent of Gravitation by Charles Misner, Kip Thorne and John Wheeler...Felsager gives a very clear presentation of the use of geometric methods in particle physics...For those who have resisted learning this new language, his book provides a very good introduction as well as physical motivation. The inclusion of numerous exercises, worked out, renders the book useful for independent study also. I hope this book will be followed by others from authors with equal flair to provide a readable excursion into the next step." PHYSICS TODAY Bjoern Felsager is a high school teacher in Copenhagen. Educated at the Niels Bohr Institute, he has taught at the Universities of Copenhagen and Odense.
Quantum Optics Of Confined Systems
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Author : M. Ducloy
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Quantum Optics Of Confined Systems written by M. Ducloy and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
In the last few years it was seen the emergence of various new quantum phenomena specifically related with electronic or optical confinement on a sub-wavelength-size. Fast developments simultaneously occurred in the field of Atomic Physics, notably through various regimes of Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics, and in Solid State Physics, with advances in Quantum Well technology and Nanooptoelectronics. Simultaneously, breakthroughs in Near-Field Optics provided new tools which should be widely applicable to these domains. However, the key concepts used to describe these new and partly related effects are often very different and specific of the Community involved in a given development. It has been the ambition of the Meeting held at "Centre de Physique des Houches" to give an opportunity to specialists of different Communities to deepen their understanding of advances more or less intimately related to their own field, while presenting the basic concepts of these different fields through pedagogical Introductions. The audience comprised advanced students, postdocs and senior scientists, with a balanced participation of Atomic Physicists and Solid State Physicists, and had a truly international character. The considerable efforts of the lecturers, in order to present exciting new results in a language accessible to the whole audience, were the essential ingredients to achieve successfully what was the main goal of this School.