Evaluating The Impact Of Bovamine On Performance Nutrient Digestibility And Digestive Function In Lactating Dairy Cows
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Evaluating The Impact Of Bovamine On Performance Nutrient Digestibility And Digestive Function In Lactating Dairy Cows
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Author : MacKenzie Conklin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Evaluating The Impact Of Bovamine On Performance Nutrient Digestibility And Digestive Function In Lactating Dairy Cows written by MacKenzie Conklin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Two experiments evaluated the effect of a direct fed microbial (DFM) (Bovamine®®, Chr. Hansen, Hørsholm, Denmark) on performance and digestion of dairy cows. In Experiment 1 (Exp1), 30 multiparous cows (75 + 32 DIM) were assigned to one of two treatments fed for 10 weeks, BOV (3 x 109 CFU/d Bovamine ®) or CON (control, no Bovamine®). In Experiment 2 (Exp2), 6 ruminally cannulated cows (123 + 129 DIM) were assigned to a crossover design with two 6 week periods with the same treatments as Exp1 except that cows were fed a 23.8% starch diet during weeks 1-5 of each period then abruptly switched to a 31.1% starch diet for week 6. For both experiments, intake and milk yield were measured daily and milk samples were collected weekly. In Exp1, fecal grab samples were collected every 6 h on d 7 of week--1, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10, fecal consistency was scored, and fecal starch measured in composited daily samples. Composites from a subset of 7 cows per treatment were used to measure apparent total tract nutrient digestibility. In Exp2, rumen pH was continuously recorded during weeks 5-6. Rumen in situ digestibility was measured on week 5 day 7, week 6 day 1, and week 6 day 7. On those dates, rumen fluid and feces were collected every 6 h for rumen VFA, fecal pH, and fecal starch (composited by cow within day). Rumen and fecal microbiome samples were collected at one time point on these days. In Exp1, treatment did not affect intake, milk yield or composition, fecal score or fecal starch. BOV tended to increase starch digestibility compared to CON (98.74 vs. 98.46%, P = 0.051), but digestibility of other nutrients was unaffected. In Exp2, intake, milk yield, and milk composition were unaffected when evaluated over the entire study. However, during the abrupt switch to the high starch diet, milk fat yield was increased for BOV compared to CON (1.39 vs. 1.28 kg/d, P = 0.002) and milk fat percentage tended to increase (3.59 vs. 3.42%, P = 0.09). Treatment did not impact rumen pH, rumen VFA, in situ digestibility or the rumen and fecal microbiomes. Contrary to Exp1, BOV increased fecal starch compared to CON (2.49 vs. 2.03%, P = 0.02), and this was most evident during the high starch feeding. Overall, Bovamine®? modestly improved starch digestibility in Exp1 and increased milk fat during the high starch challenge in Exp2.
Effect Of Bovamine On Ruminal Post Ruminal And Total Tract Digestibilities In Dairy Cows And On Animal Performance
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Author : Catherine E. Dickey
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Effect Of Bovamine On Ruminal Post Ruminal And Total Tract Digestibilities In Dairy Cows And On Animal Performance written by Catherine E. Dickey and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Increasing feed efficiency in dairy cows is one of the primary goals of the dairy industry. The use of direct-fed microbials (DFM) is now commonly being evaluated to improve efficiency and reduce the use of antibiotics. This 2-part study evaluated the effects of feeding Bovamine® to dairy cows. Bovamine® is a DFM consisting of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Propionibacterium freudenreichii. A total of 30 lactating, non-cannulated Jersey cows were used for 12 weeks to evaluate the effects of Bovamine® on animal performance. There were 15 control cows that were not fed Bovamine® and 15 treatment cows that received Bovamine®. The effects of the DFM on digestibility were investigated with 8 lactating, cannulated Jersey cows for 12 weeks. The Bovamine® was mixed with ground corn and given daily as a topdress. For the production experiment, there were no differences in dry matter intake (DMI), milk fat and protein percentages, and body condition score (BCS) between the treatments. However, milk yield, fat-corrected milk yield, and energy-corrected milk yield were greater in cows that received Bovamine®. Additionally, the milk urea nitrogen was greater in the treated cows. Also, there was a trend for increased efficiency (milk/DMI) in Bovamine®-fed cows. For the digestibility experiment, there were no differences between treatments for pH, ammonia concentration, total volatile fatty acids (VFA), and molar proportion of VFA in the rumen. Additionally, there were no differences observed in total tract digestibilities between the treated and control cows. Based on this study, feeding Bovamine® to dairy cows increased milk production, but it did not appear to have an effect on the rumen environment or total tract digestibility.
Effects Of Reduced Starch Diets And Starch Digestibility On Nutrient Digestibility Microbial Protein Flow And Lactation Performance Of Dairy Cows
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Effects Of Reduced Starch Diets And Starch Digestibility On Nutrient Digestibility Microbial Protein Flow And Lactation Performance Of Dairy Cows written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
A meta-analysis, two animal experiments, and one data mining experiment were conducted to determine the effects of feeding reduced-starch (RS) diets and starch digestibility on dairy cattle performance. A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effects of feeding RS diets on intake, lactation performance, and ruminal parameters. Dietary starch was reduced by partial replacement of grain with non-forage fiber sources or forages. Dry matter intake, milk, fat, and protein yield were decreased as dietary starch was reduced. Total ruminal volatile fatty acid concentration was decreased as dietary starch was reduced. Molar proportion of ruminal acetate was increased as dietary starch was reduced. Reducing dietary starch decreased lactation performance of dairy cows. The first animal experiment determined the effects of normal or RS diets and finely- or coarsely-ground corn on performance of lactating dairy cows. Milk and protein yields were reduced for cows fed RS diets, however, fat-corrected milk was increased for cows fed the normal-starch finely-ground corn and RS coarsely-ground corn diets. Ruminal digestibility of NDF was increased for cows fed the RS diets. Total tract digestibility of NDF was greater on the RS diets, while total tract starch digestibility was greater on the RS diets and the finely-ground corn diets. Cows fed the finely ground corn diets had greater ruminal propionate and lower rumen pH. The second animal experiment determined the effects of feeding RS diets by partially replacing corn grain with soyhulls (SH) or corn silage (CS), or CS and grain with SH. Partial replacement of corn grain with SH or CS increased milk fat content compared with partial replacement of CS and corn grain with SH. Partial replacement of corn grain with SH or CS increased total tract NDF and starch digestion. Diet digestibility and performance of mid-lactation cows fed RS diets by partially replacing corn grain with SH or CS was similar to or improved compared to cows fed a normal-starch diet. The third experiment tested whether total tract starch digestibility can be predicted from the concentration of starch in fecal dry matter. Total tract starch digestibility was predicted accurately from fecal starch concentration.
The Effect Of An Exogenous Amylase On Performance And Total Tract Digestibility In Lactating Dairy Cows
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Author : Maris M. McCarthy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
The Effect Of An Exogenous Amylase On Performance And Total Tract Digestibility In Lactating Dairy Cows written by Maris M. McCarthy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Amylases categories.
This thesis consisted of 2 experiments. The objective of Experiment 1 was to determine performance and digestibility response of lactating dairy cows to a reduced starch diet containing a commercial amylase product. The objective of Experiment 2 was to determine the effect of various levels of amylase on in vitro starch digestibility of 3 substrates. In Experiment 1, 19 multiparous (86 ± 46 DIM) and 5 primiparous (93 ± 8 DIM), were blocked by parity and DIM and assigned to treatments in a 3 × 3 Latin square design, with 28 d periods. Treatments were a normal starch TMR (NS), a reduced starch TMR (RS), and a reduced starch TMR with (351 KNU/ kg TMR DM) exogenous amylase added to the concentrate (RSE). The hypothesis was that reducing ration starch content would decrease milk production and diet digestibility compared to NS due to a decrease in available energy, and that RSE would alleviate some of this decrease by increasing nutrient digestibility. Rations were 41% concentrate and the NS TMR contained 12.8% corn grain, 2.9% soyhulls, and 2.9% citrus pulp. The RS and RSE TMR contained 6.0% corn grain, 6.9% soyhulls, and 6.9% citrus pulp. Starch concentrations in NS, RS, and RSE TMR were 27.5, 23.2, and 22.4%, respectively. Data were analyzed using a mixed model containing the fixed effects of treatment, week, period, and their interactions, and the random effects of cow and block. Feeding a RS diet compared with a NS diet resulted in decreased milk, FCM, milk protein yield, milk lactose yield, and increased MUN and NDF digestibility. Feeding the RSE diet resulted in increased milk protein percentage and increased DM, NDF, and CP digestibility. Exogenous amylase decreased milk lactose yield and tended to decrease milk yield and 3.5% FCM yield. In Experiment 2, NS and RS grain samples and corn starch were pre-incubated (18 h prior to start of in vitro) or co-incubated (during in vitro) with 4 levels of liquid amylase (0, 382, 1274, 3833 KNU/ kg substrate DM) and 7 h in vitro starch digestibility was measured. Data were analyzed using a mixed model including the fixed effects of substrate, amylase, preincubation, day, and all multi-way interactions. Pre-incubation of amylase with substrate for 18 h prior to in vitro resulted in increased starch digestibility compared to co-incubated samples. The starch digestibility for co-incubated samples was greatest at amylase application of 383 and 1274 KNU/kg substrate DM. While the addition of exogenous amylase increased in vitro starch digestibility as well as increased the digestibility of some nutrients during the lactation trial, this did not result in improved animal production performance.
Probiotic In Animals
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Author : Everlon Rigobelo
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2012-10-03
Probiotic In Animals written by Everlon Rigobelo and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-03 with Medical categories.
Over the last few decades the prevalence of studies about probiotics strains has dramatically grown in most regions of the world. The use of probiotics strains in animals production may reduce several problems caused by antibiotics therapy, growth promoter and problems from inadequate management. Probiotics are specific strains of microorganisms, which when served to human or animals in proper amount, have a beneficial effect, improving health or reducing risk of get sick. This book provides the maximum of information for all that need them trying with this to help many people at worldwide.
Cow Signals
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Author : Jan Hulsen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Cow Signals written by Jan Hulsen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Animal behavior categories.
"Cows send out signals continuously about their health, well-being, nutrition, and production. The challenge for the dairy farmer is how to interpret these signals and use them. Dutch vet and cow enthusiast Jan Hulsen has drawn on his expertise and wide experience of cows and dairy farmers to write Cow Signals: a richly illustrated farmer's guide on how to interpret the behaviour, posture and physical characteristics of groups of cows and individual animals. When observing cows it is important not to jump to conclusions immediately, but instead always to ask yourself three questions: What do I see? Why has this happened? What does this mean? If you know what to look for, you can pick up the signals everywhere and any time. Cow Signals will show you how"--Back cover note.
The Management Of Dairy Herds
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Author : E. V. Ellington
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1917
The Management Of Dairy Herds written by E. V. Ellington and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1917 with Agriculture categories.
Probiotics 2
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Author : R. Fuller
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 1997-06-30
Probiotics 2 written by R. Fuller and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-06-30 with Science categories.
R. Fuller 1.1 DEVELOPMENT OF COMMERCIAL PREPARATIONS The history of the probiotic effect has been well documented many times previously (see e.g. Bibel, 1982; Fuller, 1992). The consumption of fermented milks dates from pre-biblical times but the probiotic concept was born at the end of the last century with the work of Metchnikoff at the Pasteur Institute in Paris. In the century that has elapsed since Metchnikoff's work, the probiotic concept has been accepted by scientists and consumers throughout the world. Attempts to refine the practice from the use of traditional soured milks to preparations containing specific micro organisms have occupied the thoughts and endeavours of scientists in many different countries. But, in spite of the large amount of effort expended in attempting to explain and define the effect, it has to be admitted that little is known of the way in which probiotics operate. There are likely to be several different mechanisms because it seems highly improbable that a mode of action that explains resistance to microbial infection will also hold true for improved milk production or alleviation of lactose malabsorption.
The Prolongation Of Life
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Author : Elie Metchnikoff
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1908
The Prolongation Of Life written by Elie Metchnikoff and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1908 with categories.
Sustainable Dairy Production
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Author : Peter de Jong
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2013-01-16
Sustainable Dairy Production written by Peter de Jong and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-16 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book offers a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in sustainable dairy production, helping the industry to develop more sustainable dairy products, through new technologies, implementing life cycle analysis, and upgrading and optimization of their current production lines. It aims to stimulate process innovations, taking into account environmental, economic and public relations benefits for companies. Topics covered include: How to set up a sustainable production line How to quantify the carbon foot print of a dairy product by using life cycle analysis Current technologies to improve the carbon foot print What measures can be taken to reduce the global warming potential of the farm Reduction of water use in dairy production Marketing sustainable dairy products Bench marking of dairy products against other food products Potential future technological developments to improve the carbon foot print for the following decades