Evaluation And Optimization Of Harvest And Post Harvest Techniques For Hybrid Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Seeds
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Evaluation And Optimization Of Harvest And Post Harvest Techniques For Hybrid Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Seeds
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Author : BASAVE GOWDA
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Evaluation And Optimization Of Harvest And Post Harvest Techniques For Hybrid Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Seeds written by BASAVE GOWDA and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with categories.
Evaluation Of The Heterotic Potential Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Adapted To The Southern Africa Region
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Author : Leo Thokoza Mpofu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Evaluation Of The Heterotic Potential Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Adapted To The Southern Africa Region written by Leo Thokoza Mpofu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] production in Africa is widespread with low yields due to low inputs and the lack of sorghum hybrids. This situation has forced most of these farmers to grow maize hybrids since they are readily available in the seed market. Sorghum hybrids could be used if their potential was demonstrated. The objective of this study is to document the level of heterosis in Southern Africa sorghum germplasm. The performance of 52 F1 grain sorghum hybrids and their parental lines was evaluated in four environments. Measurements for grain yield, panicle exsertion, days to mid anthesis and plant height were analyzed to obtain estimates of high parent heterosis. High parent heterosis was observed to be 37.18% for yield, 82.77% for exsertion, 0.02% for days to mid anthesis and 23.7% for height. ICSR-939 and (87EON366*90EON328)-LD30 can be used as testers to develop more female lines for further hybrid seed production in breeding programs because they had the highest general combining ability. Protein content averaged 11.69%. ATx635 had significantly higher protein content than ATx631 (13.49% compared to 9.69%, respectively) and its hybrids had more protein than ATx631 hybrids (11.6% compared to 10.67% for ATx631). Mean heterosis for protein content was negative at -12.5%. This shows that hybrids had lower protein content than their parents since protein content is negatively correlated to grain yield ( -0.35**). Starch content averaged 72.13% and ATx631 hybrids had more starch than ATx635 hybrids (73.16 compared to 72.37% respectively). Two hybrids, ATx. 631/(87EON366*90EON328)-LD30 and ATx631/ ((TAM428*SV1)*CE151)-LD3 had the highest yields (5.04 t/ha and 4.93 t/ha, respectively). These hybrids also had small grains with good hardness and acceptable whiteness. They had good exsertion, flowered in good time and had acceptable plant heights. These two hybrids were compared to regional check varieties Macia and Tegemeo for all traits and they were either superior or within an acceptable range. These two hybrids are therefore recommended for release in the region. There is need therefore to start working on the various components of seed systems in the region so that seed of these two hybrids is made available to farmers who need the seed.
Breeding And Evaluation Of Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Hybrids For Adaptation Using Base Metabolic Temperature Bmt As A Selection Tool
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Author : Jose Armando Valdes Gutierrez
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983
Breeding And Evaluation Of Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Hybrids For Adaptation Using Base Metabolic Temperature Bmt As A Selection Tool written by Jose Armando Valdes Gutierrez and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Hybrid sorghum categories.
Performance Stability Parameters Genetic Effects And Prediction Of Performance In Single Three Way And Double Cross Hybrids Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Author : George Anthony Ombakho
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Performance Stability Parameters Genetic Effects And Prediction Of Performance In Single Three Way And Double Cross Hybrids Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by George Anthony Ombakho and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with categories.
Improving The Performance Of Winter Wheat Planted After Grain Sorghum In No Till Systems
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Author : Joshua D. Jennings
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Improving The Performance Of Winter Wheat Planted After Grain Sorghum In No Till Systems written by Joshua D. Jennings and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
Previous research has revealed that winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields are often reduced following grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] compared to wheat after other summer crops. The objectives of the study were to: (a) evaluate grain sorghum residue management strategies to improve the performance of a following winter wheat crop in no-till systems; (b) determine grain sorghum hybrid characteristics that facilitate planting wheat following grain sorghum, and identify winter wheat cultivars that are suitable for planting after grain sorghum; (c) evaluate effect of environment, sampling time, and grain sorghum hybrid plant pigmentation on phenolic acid concentration in sorghum residues. Experiments were conducted in environments suitable for planting winter wheat following a summer crop. Treatments for objective one were: glyphosate (pre-harvest application, post-harvest, none), residue (removed, chopped, left standing), and nitrogen (34 kg ha−1 applied to residue, none). Treatments for objective two and three were grain sorghum hybrids representing three maturities (early, medium, medium-late) and two plant pigmentations (red, tan), wheat cultivars occupying significant planted acreage and having favorable performance within the region. Wheat yields increased in two environments by 217 and 630 kg ha−1 when glyphosate was applied to the sorghum pre-harvest. Residue chopping or removal either had no effect or a negative effect on wheat yields compared to residue left standing. Nitrogen applied to the sorghum residue increased wheat yields in only one environment. Grain sorghum hybrid characteristics did not influence winter wheat yields in any environment, but winter wheat cultivar did influence grain yields of the winter wheat in three of the four environments. Breakdown of phenolic acids depended on environment. Results for these studies indicate that wheat yield after a grain sorghum crop can be maximized by planting a red-pigmented sorghum hybrid of an early or medium maturity, desiccating the sorghum crop with pre-harvest glyphosate if it can be applied to the sorghum roughly 45 to 50 days before a frost, and with a wheat cultivar that is well suited to no-till planting.
Effect Of Seed Vigor Upon Field Performance And Yield Of Grain Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Author : Cilas P. Camargo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1971
Effect Of Seed Vigor Upon Field Performance And Yield Of Grain Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by Cilas P. Camargo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971 with Sorghum categories.
Hybrid grain sorghum seeds were aged artifically for 0, 3, 5, 7, and 11 days at 42oC and 100% RH, wich produced high, medium, low and lowest vigor level. Among the various laboratory tests performed, standard germination and field mergence, were the least sensitive in discerning the physiological condition of the seed lots. The speed of germination more accurately differentiated the degree of deterioration of the seed lots and was closety correlated to yield. Adverse effect of planting low vigor seeds was found to be related to plant height, panicle exsertion, anthesis, tillering capacity, length of the panicle, and yield. Less vigours seeds produced plants which were not able to "catch up" to the vigorous ones. These slow growing plants were significantly inferior in panicle exsertion to those produced from more vigorous seeds. Seeds aged for 7 and 11 days had their process of exsertion delayed for about 2 and 3 days, respectively. Anthesis, conseguently, was also significantly retarded. Tillering capacity of plants produced from low vigor seeds was significantly reduced, as well as grain yield. Primary head yield was also significantly reduced about 14% for the more deteriorated seeds, and 12% for the mixed treatment, as compared to the control. Yield reductions of 9, 4, and 3% were also detected in seeds aged for 7, 5, and 3 days, respectively, as compared to the check. Seed moisture content generally increases as the vigor level decreased, indicating that the process of maturation was delayed as a (...).
Grain Deterioration Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench At Affected At High Relative Humidity At Physiological Maturity And Pre Harvest Fungicide
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Author : M. D. Bhatt
language : pt-BR
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
Grain Deterioration Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench At Affected At High Relative Humidity At Physiological Maturity And Pre Harvest Fungicide written by M. D. Bhatt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with categories.
The field experiment with ' Cosor 5' variety of sorghum was conducted in the Central Experiment Station of UPLB starting from the third week of April 1984. The crop experienced high Rh (78 average) from flowering to seed maturity. One systemic fungicide, out of four kinds, was applied to each plot two weeks before flowering, at flowering and two weeks after flowering to control fungal infection in developing seeds. Seed dry matter accumulation, moisture content, vaibility and vigor were studied at regular intervals starting two weeks after flowering. Seed health and other characteristics were assessed at harvest and the different seed lots were stored under ambient open storape for the succeeding six months to study deterioration every month through the test of germination, AAT, GADA, MC and speed of germination. During storage, germination decreased from an initial 90 percent to 73 percent. Seedsfrom plants sprayed two weeks before, followed by at flowering consistently exhibited higher viability. On the average, a 34 percent loss in viability was observed during storage period as indicated by AAT. Significantly higher germination in AAT only during the later half of thestorage period was shown by seeds obtained from plants sprayed at theearlier two stages. Benomyl and Carboxin treatments as preharvest sprays resulted in better protection from seed-borne fungi as well as in better quality seeds on viability, vigor and storage life. Seeds obtained from the firtsstage of spraying were the in over all performace followed by those from the second spraying stage. The sprays were applied only once and the results were not consistently encouraging in all aspects, thus, it is advisable to apply the systemic fungicides more thanonce. Based on the results of this experiment, the following can be recommended for farmers, seed producers and for further studies. The residual dormancy prevalent in this variety could be over-come by treating seeds at 40 C for six days. Pre-harvest fungicides suitable againstabove mentioned fungi should be applied during the stages: two weeks before flowering (at the emergence of the ear), and at flowering.
Grain Deterioration Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench As Affected By High Relative Humidity At Physiological Maturity And Pre Harvest Fungicide Spray
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Author : B.M. Deo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
Grain Deterioration Of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench As Affected By High Relative Humidity At Physiological Maturity And Pre Harvest Fungicide Spray written by B.M. Deo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with categories.
"Cosor 5" Sorghum was grown from April to August 1984 under UPLB condition to have the stage of physiological maturity (PM) coincide with high relative humidity (RH). Five treatments of systemic fungicides namely: Benomyl (50% a.i.) 0.05%, Mancozeb (72% a.i.) 0.25%, Oxycarboxin (20% a.i.) 0.4%, Carboxin (75% a.i.) 0.3% were applied two weeks before flowering, at flowering and two weeks after flowering. Seed characterization were studied starting from flowering up to six months after harvest. Fourteen days after anthesis seeds were able to germinate. Seed dry matter accumulation was highest 34 days after flowering (d.a.f.) with 31 percent moisture content. Germination at PM was 34 percent and its speed index was 4.5. At harvest, germination increased to 51 percent in the standard germination test, and 84 percent after accelerated ageing test (AAT). Under a light bank, seedling emergence was 73 percent. Speed of germination at harvest averaged 16. Evidences indicated that the seeds underwent after ripening which could be overcome by exposure to 40oC for six days. Seeds at harvest were found to be infected with 13 kinds if fungi among which Curvularia spp, Fusarium moniliforme, Ascochyta sorghina were predominant. Preharvest fungicide application decreased fungal infection by five to seven percent. Spraying two weeks before flowering and at flowering, gave better seed protection against fungi. Within the six months storage period the seeds lost viability by 17 percent in standard germination test and 34 (...).
Variation In Seed Specific Gravity In Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench
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Author : A.S. Goggi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1990
Variation In Seed Specific Gravity In Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench written by A.S. Goggi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1990 with categories.
Seeds of seven hybrid and open pollinated sorghum cultivars were separated with sucrose density solutions into four specific gravity (SG) classes for studies on the effects of seed SG on field performance. The seeds were planted at different densities to provide three levels of competition: "normal" planting density; one high and one low SG seeds in the same hill; and single seeds in widely spaced hills, no competition. There were no differences among the high, medium-low and unseparated (control) seed SG treatments for emergence, vegetative and reproductive development for the normal density plantings. Yield, however, was significantly lower for plants of the unseparated (control) seeds as compared to the SG separated seeds. When high and low SG seeds were planted in the same hill, emergence of the high SG seeds was higher and they produced more vigorous plants that produced more tillers, matured earlier and yielded more as compared to those from low SG seeds. In the case of high and low SG seeds planted at non-competitive spacing, emergence, plant height, number of tillers and yield were higher and the number of days to panicle exsertion and anthesis were fewer for the plants from the high SG seeds as compared to those from the low SG seeds. Priming of high SG seeds did not enhance plant performance above the level of the high SG unprimed seeds. Seed SG was greatly affected by the degreee of weathering and immaturity. As the degree of weathering or immaturity increased, the percentages of seeds in the two highest SG classes sharply declined, while those for the two lowest SG classes sharply increased. Seeds from the intense weathering treatments exhibited cavitation and profuse fungal growth in the placental sac area and in the embryo. Similar cavitation was observed in seeds from the immaturity treatments. Differences in the speed of germination among the unweathered, mature, high SG seeds appeared to be related to differences in permeability of the pericarp to water and/or oxygen.
Comparative Performance And Basis For Differences Among Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Hybrids From Differenct Periods Of Sorghum Improvement
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Author : Yilma Kebede
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983
Comparative Performance And Basis For Differences Among Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench Hybrids From Differenct Periods Of Sorghum Improvement written by Yilma Kebede and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983 with Hybrid sorghum categories.