Evolution And The Capacity For Commitment
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Evolution And The Capacity For Commitment
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Author : Randolph Nesse
language : en
Publisher: Russell Sage Foundation
Release Date : 2001-11-29
Evolution And The Capacity For Commitment written by Randolph Nesse and has been published by Russell Sage Foundation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-11-29 with Psychology categories.
Commitment is at the core of social life. The social fabric is woven from promises and threats that are not always immediately advantageous to the parties involved. Many commitments, such as signing a contract, are fairly straightforward deals, in which both parties agree to give up certain options. Other commitments, such as the promise of life-long love or a threat of murder, are based on more intangible factors such as human emotions. In Evolution and the Capacity for Commitment, distinguished researchers from the fields of economics, psychology, ethology, anthropology, philosophy, medicine, and law offer a rich variety of perspectives on the nature of commitment and question whether the capacity for making, assessing, and keeping commitments has been shaped by natural selection. Game theorists have shown that players who use commitment strategies—by learning to convey subjective offers and to gauge commitments others are willing to make—achieve greater success than those who rationally calculate every move for immediate reward. Evolution and the Capacity for Commitment includes contributions from some of the pioneering students of commitment. Their elegant analyses highlight the critical role of reputation-building, and show the importance of investigating how people can believe that others would carry out promises or threats that go against their own self-interest. Other contributors provide real-world examples of commitment across cultures and suggest the evolutionary origins of the capacity for commitment. Perhaps nowhere is the importance of commitment and reputation more evident than in the institutions of law, medicine, and religion. Essays by professionals in each field explore why many practitioners remain largely ethical in spite of manifest opportunities for client exploitation. Finally, Evolution and the Capacity for Commitment turns to leading animal behavior experts to explore whether non-humans also use commitment strategies, most notably through the transmission of threats or signs of non-aggression. Such examples illustrate how such tendencies in humans may have evolved. Viewed as an adaptive evolutionary strategy, commitment offers enormous potential for explaining complex and irrational emotional behaviors within a biological framework. Evolution and the Capacity for Commitment presents compelling evidence for this view, and offers a potential bridge across the current rift between biology and the social sciences. A Volume in the Russell Sage Foundation Series on Trust
Intention Recognition Commitment And Their Roles In The Evolution Of Cooperation
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Author : The Anh Han
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-04-11
Intention Recognition Commitment And Their Roles In The Evolution Of Cooperation written by The Anh Han and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-11 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This original and timely monograph describes a unique self-contained excursion that reveals to the readers the roles of two basic cognitive abilities, i.e. intention recognition and arranging commitments, in the evolution of cooperative behavior. This book analyses intention recognition, an important ability that helps agents predict others’ behavior, in its artificial intelligence and evolutionary computational modeling aspects, and proposes a novel intention recognition method. Furthermore, the book presents a new framework for intention-based decision making and illustrates several ways in which an ability to recognize intentions of others can enhance a decision making process. By employing the new intention recognition method and the tools of evolutionary game theory, this book introduces computational models demonstrating that intention recognition promotes the emergence of cooperation within populations of self-regarding agents. Finally, the book describes how commitment provides a pathway to the evolution of cooperative behavior, and how it further empowers intention recognition, thereby leading to a combined improved strategy.
Cooperation And Its Evolution
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Author : Kim Sterelny
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2013-02-22
Cooperation And Its Evolution written by Kim Sterelny and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-22 with Science categories.
Essays from a range of disciplinary perspectives show the central role that cooperation plays in structuring our world. This collection reports on the latest research on an increasingly pivotal issue for evolutionary biology: cooperation. The chapters are written from a variety of disciplinary perspectives and utilize research tools that range from empirical survey to conceptual modeling, reflecting the rich diversity of work in the field. They explore a wide taxonomic range, concentrating on bacteria, social insects, and, especially, humans. Part I ("Agents and Environments") investigates the connections of social cooperation in social organizations to the conditions that make cooperation profitable and stable, focusing on the interactions of agent, population, and environment. Part II ("Agents and Mechanisms") focuses on how proximate mechanisms emerge and operate in the evolutionary process and how they shape evolutionary trajectories. Throughout the book, certain themes emerge that demonstrate the ubiquity of questions regarding cooperation in evolutionary biology: the generation and division of the profits of cooperation; transitions in individuality; levels of selection, from gene to organism; and the "human cooperation explosion" that makes our own social behavior particularly puzzling from an evolutionary perspective.
Commitment In Organizations
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Author : Howard J. Klein
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2012-11-12
Commitment In Organizations written by Howard J. Klein and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-12 with Business & Economics categories.
Commitment is one of the most researched concepts in organizational behavior. This edited book in the SIOP Organizational Frontiers series, with contributions from many scholars, attempts to summarize current research and suggests new directions for studies on commitment in organizations. Commitment is linked to other concepts ie. satisfaction, involvement, motivation, and identification and is studied across cultural lines. Both the individual and group levels of building and maintaining commitment are discussed.
Evolutionary Psychology Public Policy And Personal Decisions
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Author : Charles Crawford
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2004-05-20
Evolutionary Psychology Public Policy And Personal Decisions written by Charles Crawford and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-05-20 with Business & Economics categories.
This volume's aim is to start the process of using theory and findings of evolutionary psychology to help make the world a better place to live. Taking evolutionary psychology explicitly into applied areas, it includes a reasonable scope of applications from pornography to psychopaths and from morality to sex differences in the workplace.
The Biological Evolution Of Religious Mind And Behavior
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Author : Eckart Voland
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-08-12
The Biological Evolution Of Religious Mind And Behavior written by Eckart Voland and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-08-12 with Science categories.
In a Darwinian world, religious behavior - just like other behaviors - is likely to have undergone a process of natural selection in which it was rewarded in the evolutionary currency of reproductive success. This book aims to provide a better understanding of the social scenarios in which selection pressure led to religious practices becoming an evolved human trait, i.e. an adaptive answer to the conditions of living and surviving that prevailed among our prehistoric ancestors. This aim is pursued by a team of expert authors from a range of disciplines. Their contributions examine the relevant physiological, emotional, cognitive and social processes. The resulting understanding of the functional interplay of these processes gives valuable insights into the biological roots and benefits of religion.
Multisector Insights In Healthcare Social Sciences Society And Technology
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Author : Burrell, Darrell Norman
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2024-02-27
Multisector Insights In Healthcare Social Sciences Society And Technology written by Burrell, Darrell Norman and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-02-27 with Medical categories.
Due to a variety of global challenges in recent times, the dissolution of traditional boundaries between academic disciplines has given rise to a pressing need for innovative problem-solving. Complex issues affect our societies, spanning healthcare, social sciences, organizational behavior, and technology. This shifting landscape necessitates a comprehensive exploration into the interconnections between these diverse fields. The book, Multisector Insights in Healthcare, Social Sciences, Society, and Technology, is an innovative guide that seeks to examine the relationships between various fields of knowledge. It celebrates the transformative impact of applied research and interdisciplinary collaboration as the driving force behind overcoming the most significant challenges of our time. As the boundaries between disciplines blur, the book takes readers on a journey through multifaceted issues at the intersection of healthcare, social sciences, organizational behavior, and technology. Chapters within this book unravel the complexities of healthcare ethics, global health initiatives, organizational dynamics, and technological advancements. Through literature reviews, qualitative and quantitative studies, and real-world case analyses, the compendium not only identifies the problems but also offers concrete, evidence-backed solutions. This interdisciplinary approach underscores the need to address the pressing challenges of our time, emphasizing the need for collaborative strategies to drive positive change.
Foundations Of Evolutionary Psychology
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Author : Charles Crawford
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2012-10-12
Foundations Of Evolutionary Psychology written by Charles Crawford and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-10-12 with Psychology categories.
Evolutionary psychology is concerned with the adaptive problems early humans faced in ancestral human environments, the nature of the psychological mechanisms natural selection shaped to deal with those ancient problems, and the ability of the resulting evolved psychological mechanisms to deal with the problems people face in the modern world. Evolutionary psychology is currently advancing our understanding of altruism, moral behavior, family violence, sexual aggression, warfare, aesthetics, the nature of language, and gender differences in mate choice and perception. It is helping us understand the relationships between cognitive science, developmental psychology, behavior genetics, personality, and social psychology. Foundations of Evolutionary Psychology provides an up-to-date review of the ideas, issues, and applications of contemporary evolutionary psychology. It is suitable for senior undergraduates, first year graduate students, or professionals who wish to become conversant with the major issues currently shaping the emergence of this dynamic new field. It will be interesting to psychologists, anthropologists, sociologists, economists, philosophers, cognitive scientists, and anyone interested in using new developments in the theory of evolution to gain new insights into human behavior.
Model Based Reasoning In Science And Technology
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Author : Lorenzo Magnani
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-08-31
Model Based Reasoning In Science And Technology written by Lorenzo Magnani and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-31 with Science categories.
This book contains contributions presented during the international conference on Model-Based Reasoning (MBR ́012), held on June 21-23 in Sestri Levante, Italy. Interdisciplinary researchers discuss in this volume how scientific cognition and other kinds of cognition make use of models, abduction, and explanatory reasoning in order to produce important or creative changes in theories and concepts. Some of the contributions analyzed the problem of model-based reasoning in technology and stressed the issues of scientific and technological innovation. The book is divided in three main parts: models, mental models, representations; abduction, problem solving and practical reasoning; historical, epistemological and technological issues. The volume is based on the papers that were presented at the international
The Oxford Handbook Of Evolutionary Psychology And Religion
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Author : James R. Liddle
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2021
The Oxford Handbook Of Evolutionary Psychology And Religion written by James R. Liddle and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Psychology categories.
Résumé : This handbook is currently in development, with individual articles publishing online in advance of print publication. At this time, we cannot add information about unpublished articles in this handbook, however the table of contents will continue to grow as additional articles pass through the review process and are added to the site. Please note that the online publication date for this handbook is the date that the first article in the title was published online. For more information, please read the site FAQs.