Evolution By Gene Duplication
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Evolution By Gene Duplication
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Author : Susumu Ohno
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-12-11
Evolution By Gene Duplication written by Susumu Ohno and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12-11 with Medical categories.
It is said that "necessity is the mother of invention". To be sure, wheels and pulleys were invented out of necessity by the tenacious minds of upright citi zens. Looking at the history of mankind, however, one has to add that "Ieisure is the mother of cultural improvement". Man's creative genius flourished only when his mind, freed from the worry of daily toils, was permitted to entertain apparently useless thoughts. In the same manner, one might say with regard to evolution that "natural selection mere(y tnodifted, while redundanry created". Natural selection has been extremely effective in policing alleHe mutations which arise in already existing gene loci. Because of natural selection, organisms have been able to adapt to changing environments, and by adaptive radiation many new species were created from a common ancestral form. Y et, being an effective policeman, natural selection is extremely conservative by nature. Had evolution been entirely dependent upon natural selection, from a bacterium only numerous forms of bacteria would have emerged. The creation of metazoans, vertebrates and finally mammals from unicellular organisms would have been quite impos sible, for such big leaps in evolution required the creation of new gene loci with previously nonexistent functions. Only the cistron which became redun dant was able to escape from the relentless pressure of natural selection, and by escaping, it accumulated formerly forbidden mutations to emerge as a new gene locus.
Plant Genomes
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Author : Jean-Nicolas Volff
language : en
Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Release Date : 2008-01-01
Plant Genomes written by Jean-Nicolas Volff and has been published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-01-01 with Medical categories.
Recent major advances in the field of comparative genomics and cytogenomics of plants, particularly associated with the completion of ambitious genome projects, have uncovered astonishing facets of the architecture and evolutionary history of plant genomes. The aim of this book was to review these recent developments as well as their implications in our understanding of the mechanisms which drive plant diversity. New insights into the evolution of gene functions, gene families and genome size are presented, with particular emphasis on the evolutionary impact of polyploidization and transposable elements. Knowledge on the structure and evolution of plant sex chromosomes, centromeres and microRNAs is reviewed and updated. Taken together, the contributions by internationally recognized experts present a panoramic overview of the structural features and evolutionary dynamics of plant genomes.This volume of Genome Dynamics will provide researchers, teachers and students in the fields of biology and agronomy with a valuable source of current knowledge on plant genomes.
Sex Chromosomes And Sex Linked Genes
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Author : Susumu Ohno
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Sex Chromosomes And Sex Linked Genes written by Susumu Ohno and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Science categories.
Natural selection operates among individual organisms which differ in their genetic constitution. The degree of hereditary variability within a species is greatly enhanced by cross-fertilization. Indeed, the mechanism of sexual reproduction occurred very early in evolution, for it is seen today even in bacteria. In Escherichia coli, fertilization occurs by passage of the single chromosome from the male into the female bacterium (LEDERBERG, 1959). In multicellular organisms, the separation of germ from soma, and the production of haploid gametes became mandatory. The gametes were of two types. One, extremely mobile, was designed to seek out and penetrate the other, which loaded with nutrients, received the mobile gamete and intiated the development of a new individual. The foundation for true bisexuality was thus laid. In the primitive state of bisexuality, whether an individual is to be a sperm-producing male or an egg-producing female appears to be decided rather haphazardly. In the worm, Banelia viridis, the minute males are parasites in the female. Larvae that become attached to the proboscis of an adult female become males, while unattached larvae sink to the bottom and become females (BALTZER, 1935). The more sophisticated state of bisexuality was initiated by setting aside a particular pair of chromosomes for specialization and making either the male or the female a heterogametic sex. Sex chromosomes as we know them were thus born.
Models And Algorithms For Genome Evolution
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Author : Cedric Chauve
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-09-17
Models And Algorithms For Genome Evolution written by Cedric Chauve and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-17 with Computers categories.
This authoritative text/reference presents a review of the history, current status, and potential future directions of computational biology in molecular evolution. Gathering together the unique insights of an international selection of prestigious researchers, this must-read volume examines the latest developments in the field, the challenges that remain, and the new avenues emerging from the growing influx of sequence data. These viewpoints build upon the pioneering work of David Sankoff, one of the founding fathers of computational biology, and mark the 50th anniversary of his first scientific article. The broad spectrum of rich contributions in this essential collection will appeal to all computer scientists, mathematicians and biologists involved in comparative genomics, phylogenetics and related areas.
Fish Development And Genetics
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Author : Zhiyuan Gong
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2004
Fish Development And Genetics written by Zhiyuan Gong and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The zebrafish is the most important fish model in developmental andgenetic analyses. This book contains 19 review articles covering abroad spectrum of topics, from development to genetic tools. Thecontents range from early development, the role of maternal factorsand gastrulation, to tissue differentiation and organogenesis, such asdevelopment of the organizer, notochord, floor plate, nervous system, somites, muscle, skeleton and endoderm
Molecular Biology Of The Cell
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Molecular Biology Of The Cell written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Cells categories.
Power Laws Scale Free Networks And Genome Biology
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Author : Eugene V. Koonin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-03-17
Power Laws Scale Free Networks And Genome Biology written by Eugene V. Koonin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-03-17 with Computers categories.
Deals with crucial aspects of the theoretical foundations of systems biology, namely power law distributions and scale-free networks. This book not only describes the interesting mathematical properties of biological networks, but moves beyond phenomenology, towards models of evolution capable of explaining the emergence of these features.
Molecular And Genome Evolution
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Author : Dan Graur
language : en
Publisher: Sinauer
Release Date : 2015-01-01
Molecular And Genome Evolution written by Dan Graur and has been published by Sinauer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-01 with Science categories.
This book describes the driving forces behind the evolutionary process at the molecular and genome levels, the effects of the various molecular mechanisms on the structure of genes, proteins, and genomes, the methodology and the analytical tools involved in dealing with molecular data from an evolutionary perspective, and the logic of evolutionary hypothesis testing. Evolutionary phenomena at the molecular level are detailed in a way that can be understood without much prerequisite knowledge of molecular biology, evolution, or mathematics. Numerous examples that support and clarify the theoretical arguments and methodological discussions are included.
Genome Evolution
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Author : Axel Meyer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2003-04-30
Genome Evolution written by Axel Meyer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-04-30 with Medical categories.
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