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Explaining Explanation


Explaining Explanation
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Explaining Explanation


Explaining Explanation
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Author : David-Hillel Ruben
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-12-03

Explaining Explanation written by David-Hillel Ruben and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-03 with Social Science categories.


This second edition of David-Hillel Ruben's influential and highly acclaimed book on the philosophy of explanation has been revised and expanded, and the author has made substantial changes in light of the extensive reviews the first edition received. Ruben's views on the place of laws in explanation has been refined and clarified. What is perhaps the central thesis of the book, his realist view of explanation, describing the way in which explanation depends on metaphysics, has been updated and extended and engages with some of the work in this area published since the book's first edition.



Explaining Explanation


Explaining Explanation
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Author : David-Hillel Ruben
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-12-03

Explaining Explanation written by David-Hillel Ruben and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-03 with Social Science categories.


This second edition of David-Hillel Ruben's influential and highly acclaimed book on the philosophy of explanation has been revised and expanded, and the author has made substantial changes in light of the extensive reviews the first edition received. Ruben's views on the place of laws in explanation has been refined and clarified. What is perhaps the central thesis of the book, his realist view of explanation, describing the way in which explanation depends on metaphysics, has been updated and extended and engages with some of the work in this area published since the book's first edition.



Values Objectivity And Explanation In Historiography


Values Objectivity And Explanation In Historiography
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Author : Tor Egil Førland
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2017-01-20

Values Objectivity And Explanation In Historiography written by Tor Egil Førland and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-20 with History categories.


Bringing sophisticated philosophy to bear on real-life historiography, Values, Objectivity, and Explanation in Historiography rekindles and invigorates the debate on two perennials in the theory and methodology of history. One is the tension between historians' values and the ideal—or illusion—of objective historiography. The other is historical explanation. The point of departure for the treatment of values and objectivity is an exceptionally heated debate on Cold War historiography in Denmark, involving not only historians but also the political parties, the national newspapers, and the courts. The in-depth analysis that follows concludes that historians can produce accounts that deserve the label "objective," even though their descriptions are tinged by ineluctable epistemic instability. A separate chapter dissects the postmodern notion of situated truths. The second part of the book proffers a new take on historical explanation. It is based on the notion of the ideal explanatory text, which allows for not only causal—including intentional—but also nomological, structural, and functional explanations. The approach, which can accommodate narrative explanations driven by causal plots, is ecumenical but not all-encompassing. Emergent social properties and supernatural entities are excluded from the ideal explanatory text, making scientific historiography methodologically individualistic—albeit with room for explanations at higher levels when pragmatically justified—and atheist. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivative License.



Scientific Explanation


Scientific Explanation
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Author : Erik Weber
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2014-07-08

Scientific Explanation written by Erik Weber and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-08 with Science categories.


When scientist investigate why things happen, they aim at giving an explanation. But what does a scientific explanation look like? In the first chapter (Theories of Scientific Explanation) of this book, the milestones in the debate on how to characterize scientific explanations are exposed. The second chapter (How to Study Scientific Explanation?) scrutinizes the working-method of three important philosophers of explanation, Carl Hempel, Philip Kitcher and Wesley Salmon and shows what went wrong. Next, it is the responsibility of current philosophers of explanation to go on where Hempel, Kitcher and Salmon failed. However, we should go on in a clever way. We call this clever way the pragmatic approach to scientific explanation and clarify briefly what this approach consists in. The third chapter (A Toolbox for Describing and Evaluating Explanatory Practices) elaborates the pragmatic approach by presenting a toolbox for analysing scientific explanation. In the last chapter (Examples of Descriptions and Evaluations of Explanatory Practices) the approach is illustrated with real-life examples of scientists aiming at explaining. This book can be used as a textbook for intermediate philosophy of science courses and is also valuable as “suggested reading” for introductory courses in philosophy of science. The way the book is set up makes it an excellent study and research guide for advanced (MA and PhD) students that work on the topic of scientific explanation. Finally, it is a handy source and reference book for senior researchers in the field of scientific explanations and – more generally – for all philosophers of science. ​



Interpretable Machine Learning


Interpretable Machine Learning
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Author : Christoph Molnar
language : en
Publisher: Lulu.com
Release Date : 2020

Interpretable Machine Learning written by Christoph Molnar and has been published by Lulu.com this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Computers categories.


This book is about making machine learning models and their decisions interpretable. After exploring the concepts of interpretability, you will learn about simple, interpretable models such as decision trees, decision rules and linear regression. Later chapters focus on general model-agnostic methods for interpreting black box models like feature importance and accumulated local effects and explaining individual predictions with Shapley values and LIME. All interpretation methods are explained in depth and discussed critically. How do they work under the hood? What are their strengths and weaknesses? How can their outputs be interpreted? This book will enable you to select and correctly apply the interpretation method that is most suitable for your machine learning project.



How To Explain Absolutely Anything To Absolutely Anyone


How To Explain Absolutely Anything To Absolutely Anyone
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Author : Andy Tharby
language : en
Publisher: Crown House Publishing Ltd
Release Date : 2018-11-13

How To Explain Absolutely Anything To Absolutely Anyone written by Andy Tharby and has been published by Crown House Publishing Ltd this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-13 with Education categories.


In How to Explain Absolutely Anything to Absolutely Anyone: The art and science of teacher explanation, Andy Tharby talks teachers through a set of remarkably simple techniques that will help revolutionise the precision and clarity of their message.Explanation is an art form, albeit a slightly mysterious one. We know a great explanation when we see or hear one, yet nevertheless we struggle to pin down the intricacies of the craft Just how exactly is it done?In How to Explain Absolutely Anything to Absolutely Anyone, Andy Tharby eloquently explores the art and science of this undervalued skill and illustrates how improving the quality of explanation can improve the quality of learning. Delving into the wonder of metaphor, the brilliance of repetition and the timeless benefits of storytelling, Andy sets out an evidence-informed approach that will enable teachers to explain tricky concepts so well that their students will not only understand them perfectly, but remember them forever too.By bringing together evidence and ideas from a wide range of sourcs including cognitive science, educational research and the study of linguistics the book examines how the most effective writers and speakers manage to transform even the most messy, complicated idea into a thing of wondrous, crystalline clarity. Then, by provoking greater thought and contemplation around language choices in the classroom, Andy spells out how the practical tools and techniques discussed can be put into practice.Andy also puts the important role of learner autonomy in context, recognising that there is a time for teachers to talk and a time for pupils to lead their own learning and contends that, in most cases, teachers should first lay out the premise before opening the space for interrogation. Ultimately, How to Explain Absolutely Anything to Absolutely Anyone argues that good teaching is not about talking more or less, but about talking better.Brimming with sensible advice applicable to a range of settings and subjects, this book is suitable for teachers and educators of learners aged 7 to 16



The Art Of Explanation


The Art Of Explanation
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Author : Lee LeFever
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2012-11-08

The Art Of Explanation written by Lee LeFever and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-08 with Business & Economics categories.


Your guide to becoming an explanation specialist. You've done the hard work. Your product or service works beautifully - but something is missing. People just don't see the big idea - and it's keeping you from being successful. Your idea has an explanation problem. The Art of Explanation is for business people, educators and influencers who want to improve their explanation skills and start solving explanation problems. Author Lee LeFever is the founder of Common Craft, a company known around the world for making complex ideas easy to understand through short animated videos. He is your guide to helping audiences fall in love with your ideas, products or services through better explanations in any medium. You will learn to: Plan: Learn explanation basics, what causes them to fail and how to diagnose explanation problems. Package: Using simple elements, create an explanation strategy that builds confidence and motivates your audience. Present: Produce remarkable explanations with visuals and media. The Art of Explanation is your invitation to become an explanation specialist and see why explanation is now a fundamental skill for professionals.



Explain Pain


Explain Pain
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Author : David S Butler
language : en
Publisher: Noigroup Publications
Release Date : 2013-07

Explain Pain written by David S Butler and has been published by Noigroup Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07 with Health & Fitness categories.


Imagine an orchestra in your brain. It plays all kinds of harmonious melodies, then pain comes along and the different sections of the orchestra are reduced to a few pain tunes. All pain is real. And for many people it is a debilitating part of everyday life. It is now known that understanding more about why things hurt can actually help people to overcome their pain. Recent advances in fields such as neurophysiology, brain imaging, immunology, psychology and cellular biology have provided an explanatory platform from which to explore pain. In everyday language accompanied by quirky illustrations, Explain Pain discusses how pain responses are produced by the brain: how responses to injury from the autonomic motor and immune systems in your body contribute to pain, and why pain can persist after tissues have had plenty of time to heal. Explain Pain aims to give clinicians and people in pain the power to challenge pain and to consider new models for viewing what happens during pain. Once they have learnt about the processes involved they can follow a scientific route to recovery. The Authors: Dr Lorimer Moseley is Professor of Clinical Neurosciences and the Inaugural Chair in Physiotherapy at the University of South Australia, Adelaide, where he leads research groups at Body in Mind as well as with Neuroscience Research Australia in Sydney. Dr David Butler is an international freelance educator, author and director of the Neuro Orthopaedic Institute, based in Adelaide, Australia. Both authors continue to publish and present widely.



Etymological And Pronouncing Dictionary Of The English Language


Etymological And Pronouncing Dictionary Of The English Language
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Author : James Stormonth
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1879

Etymological And Pronouncing Dictionary Of The English Language written by James Stormonth and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1879 with categories.




Principles Practice Of Teaching Class Management


Principles Practice Of Teaching Class Management
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Author : Joseph Landon
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1895

Principles Practice Of Teaching Class Management written by Joseph Landon and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1895 with School management and organization categories.