Exploring The Relationship Between Walkability And The Built Environment
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Exploring The Relationship Between Walkability And The Built Environment
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Author : Laura Barker
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Exploring The Relationship Between Walkability And The Built Environment written by Laura Barker and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with City planning categories.
The relationship between walkability and the built environment has come to the forefront of urban planning research in recent years. Planners and public health officials alike acknowledge that the built environment can encourage or hinder walking, which in turn can affect physical activity levels. This study examined the literature to determine what elements of the built environment contribute to walkability. Design guidelines for walkability were developed based on the evidence found through the literature review. The study then applied these guidelines to three intersections in the University District of Seattle in order to demonstrate how guidelines such as these can effect simple changes in the built environment, potentially making a significant difference in the ways we choose to travel. This study is useful in showing which built environment characteristics influence walkability. It also illustrates that design guidelines for walkability, such as those presented in this study, can help planners and policymakers create walkable environments that encourage physical activity.
Walkability And Built Environment
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Author : Sujan Shrestha
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020-07-10
Walkability And Built Environment written by Sujan Shrestha and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-10 with categories.
Master's Thesis from the year 2020 in the subject Art - Architecture / History of Construction, Deakin University, language: English, abstract: Car-centric urban design practice, the principle with which most cities in the world are being built today or since mid-century of 20th century, is affecting the essence of human-scale design or pedestrian friendly/ walkable friendly design. With the rise of numerous problems already in the world with excessive use of non-renewable energy, the talks and discussions are being conducted for the ways of reduction of use of non-renewable energy on global basis, or for the formulation of alternative ways of high use of energy. Not only from problems-related-with-energy perspective, but from social, health, and economic viewpoint as well, just prioritising car-driven approach seems to no longer serve the built environment in a positive way. Several planners, designers and built environment professionals have put forwarded words to re-think about the way urban environments are being built today, and new approaches of prioritising from human-scale perspective i.e. pedestrian or walkable friendly built environment to be explored and given a thought. This research paper concentrates on investigating the deeper understanding about walkable friendly urban environment, the need of today's world. In this paper, framework that shows the relationship of walking activity and behaviour with surrounding physical features, is derived from literature review for the systematic visual assessment. There is no clear and a comprehensive understanding about one particular way that depicts influencing factors of walkability, the corelates between the urban environment and walking behaviour not explained clearly, or if explained the method is somewhat complex and inflexible. Throughout existing knowledge in literature, there is lack of one consistent method of assessment. This research has attempted in finding simpler methods/solution, incorporating w
Walkable Neighborhoods
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Author : Koichiro Oka
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2020-01-09
Walkable Neighborhoods written by Koichiro Oka and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-01-09 with Medical categories.
It is now widely recognized that individual-based motivational interventions alone are not sufficient to address the global pandemic of physical inactivity (lack of exercise and too much sitting time). There has been a growing interest in the effect the physically built environment can have on people’s active behaviors. The fundamental assumption is that surrounding physical environments can support active behaviors among a large number of people with long-term effects. This topic has received much attention over the last decade, mainly in the three fields of urban design, public health, and transportation. This Special Issue aims to provide multidisciplinary and evidence-based state-of-the-art research on how the locations where people live impact their active behaviors and health outcomes.
Does The Built Environment Influence Physical Activity
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Author : Transportation Research Board
language : en
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
Release Date : 2005-01-11
Does The Built Environment Influence Physical Activity written by Transportation Research Board and has been published by Transportation Research Board this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-11 with Business & Economics categories.
TRB Special Report 282: Does the Built Environment Influence Physical Activity? Examining the Evidence reviews the broad trends affecting the relationships among physical activity, health, transportation, and land use; summarizes what is known about these relationships, including the strength and magnitude of any causal connections; examines implications for policy; and recommends priorities for future research.
An Assessment Of Walkability In The Vicinity Of Suburban Railway Stations
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Author : Sameeh Saad A Alharthy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
An Assessment Of Walkability In The Vicinity Of Suburban Railway Stations written by Sameeh Saad A Alharthy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Walking is an important and common means of accessing railway stations, and understanding the walkability around railway stations is crucial to providing means of increasing the amount of walking in and around these areas. This study aims to explore this relationship and also the effect of railway service characteristics and the built environment on encouraged walkability within the area around railway stations in the UK. Most earlier efforts in this area have looked at these matters unconnectedly, exploring one aspect of the relationship and ignoring others. Improved walkability can help to make public transport more accessible for all members of society, help reduce dependence on motor vehicles and facilitate the achievement of the UK Cycling and Walking Investment Strategy (Department for Transport, 2017) goals. Thus, focusing on railway station walkability is critically significant. This research studies train station walkability from the following four denominations: railway station service quality, socioeconomic characteristics and macro and micro built environment characteristics on encouraging walkability in the vicinity of suburban railway stations to understand the factors that lead to walking to access suburban railway stations. A case-based research approach is used in this thesis. This research studied suburban railway station walkability in the City of Birmingham at three levels, including the city level, neighbourhood level and street level. Analysis at the city level in this research is undertaken by ward, and 19 train stations are used. For analysis at the neighbourhood and street levels, five train stations were selected for more detailed study. The case studies were evaluated based on the conceptual framework formulated with the help of a literature review. In the quantitative analysis of the case studies, Google Earth and Google Street View were used as audit tools to gather data. Other elements of the data come from the Ordnance Survey, and all data were analysed using geographic information systems (GIS). Moreover, focus groups were also used for qualitative analysis. A total of four focus groups were held, associated with two different train stations, one high-use and one low-use train station. The results show that, in general, local train station buildings require some enhancements, such as escalators, heated waiting rooms, fenced lifts and train platforms for children's safety and regular maintenance of train station ticket and vending machines. In addition, the present staff of train stations can help to advance safety. Also of importance is that the location of the train station be clear, prominent and easy to access as well as be surrounded by an attractive environment. Regarding trains, most are old and uncomfortable and should be cleaner and have more carriages. Low-use train stations were characterised by delays or cancellations, having low regular service and not being child-friendly. Moreover, low-use trains were characterised by irresponsible driver behaviour and speeding. From a built environment perspective, low-use train stations were characterised by an unclean built environment generally and especially pavements and the overall appearance were not comfortable for pedestrians. Low-use train stations are characterised by low commercial use, low building density and high industrial use. It was found that presence of business activities on the way to the train station and a high-quality environment - with cleaner, wider and even pavements as well as pedestrian bridges - encourage train station walkability. It is recommended that the areas around train stations support walkability by maintaining a safe and comfortable environments for pedestrians. There should be more 'pleasing' elements on the way to the train station, such as benches, landscaping, well-decorated building facades and effective litter management. and where large green spaces dominate. The study shows that, at the street level, local train stations lack a number of key micro-built environment walkability elements, such as outdoor dining, buffer zones, traffic signs and benches.
Towards Implementation Of Sustainability Concepts In Developing Countries
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Author : Chaham Alalouch
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-10-11
Towards Implementation Of Sustainability Concepts In Developing Countries written by Chaham Alalouch and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-11 with Science categories.
This book focuses on sustainability concepts in architecture and urban design, environmental issues, and natural resources. Today it has become essential to reduce carbon emissions, protect habitats, and preserve the delicate ecosystems of our planet. Accordingly, sustainable development has to be improved by decreasing the consumption of non-renewable resources, in order to help nature replenish itself. Further, it highlights the efforts that have been made by architects, environmentalists, engineers, students, planners and everyone in between in order to improve sustainability in various developing communities and countries.
Afoot Travel
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Author : Sandy Yik Shuk Yee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Afoot Travel written by Sandy Yik Shuk Yee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
Impact Of Built And Social Environmental Factors That Encourage Walking Among Individuals
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Author : Mohammad Rajaullah
language : en
Publisher: Grin Publishing
Release Date : 2017-07-13
Impact Of Built And Social Environmental Factors That Encourage Walking Among Individuals written by Mohammad Rajaullah and has been published by Grin Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-13 with categories.
Scientific Essay from the year 2017 in the subject Urban and Regional Planning, language: English, abstract: There has been a lot of research on the relationship between the built environment and walking activity; however numerous studies have created uncertain or conflicting results. In this research the aim is to look into the association of the built environment with walking activity by examining its impact in cities characterised by high-density development and a well-equipped public transportation system. The results show that neighbourhoods with a relatively higher land-use mix and relatively greater access to public transportation have a significantly positive association with walking activity for destinations that are within a 500 m radius of residences. However, no positive association was found between development density by land use and walking activity. Overall, the results of this study indicate that the relationship between the built environment and walking activity differs by neighbourhood scale and the urban built environment in terms of density and public transportation and walking attitudes of people across countries.
Walkability And Connectivity
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Author : Aateka Farah Shashank
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Walkability And Connectivity written by Aateka Farah Shashank and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
The creation and replication of walkability indices uses geographic information systems (GIS) and warrants exploration of assumptions made implicit by different research disciplines. Most methods of measuring walkability variables - residential density, street connectivity, and land-use mix - lack contextual rationale for inclusion in walkability indices. Furthermore, walkability indices used in contemporary literature themselves are in conflict not only with each other, but also with human spatial behavior. This thesis first compares three walkability indices to make explicit the various ontologies that result as a consequence of choices and calculation of walkability variables. The second article then explores ontological distinctions between connectivity measures and their subsequent effects on methodology and interpretation. Given non-linear patterns of human mobility in activity spaces, this last part explores granular scales of connectivity measures that can better represent the built environment.
Healthy Aging In The Neighborhood
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Author : Madeleine Steinmetz-Wood
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Healthy Aging In The Neighborhood written by Madeleine Steinmetz-Wood and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
"Evidence suggests that neighborhood-built environments influence walking behavior in older adults. Most studies to date have examined how macro-scale features (connectivity, land-use mix, and population density) encourage walking in this population. Findings about neighborhood macro-scale features and walking, however, are not often practical to apply in existing neighborhood settings, as changing these features can require substantial reconfiguration of the neighborhood layout. Altering micro-scale features of neighborhoods (e.g., presence and quality of sidewalks, benches) may be a relatively cost-effective and efficient method of creating environments that are conducive to walking. This dissertation adopted an explanatory mixed methods approach to better understand the relationship between the micro-scale environment and walking. The main findings of this dissertation are: 1. Reporting a research design and an integration strategy in mixed methods studies in the built environment and health field could help to strengthen our ability to gain new insights into the multidimensional nature of the relationship between the built environment and health.2. Virtual-STEPS is a reliable tool for virtually assessing the micro-scale environment of neighborhoods. Percentage agreement between virtual and field audits, and for inter-rater agreement was 80% or more for most items. There was high reliability between virtual and field audits with Kappa and ICC statistics indicating that 50.0% of items had almost perfect agreement and 32.5% of items had substantial agreement. Inter-rater reliability was also high with 42.5% of items with almost perfect agreement and 27.5% of items with substantial agreement.3. The micro-scale environment collectively promoted leisure walking in adults. The grand micro-scale score was associated with elevated odds of walking for leisure for at least 150 minutes per week in adults from Montreal and Toronto, even after accounting for self-selection. Conversely, the association between micro-scale walkability and walking for utilitarian purposes was inconclusive. 4. The micro-scale environment promoted leisure walking in older adults. The grand micro-scale score was associated with greater odds of walking for leisure for at least 150 minutes per week. After stratifying for health conditions, the grand micro-scale score and the traffic calming total section score were only associated with walking for leisure in the sample with health conditions, further the aesthetics section score became significantly associated with walking for leisure in the sample of older adults with health conditions. 5. Semi-structured interviews conducted with older adults living in the suburbs of Montreal during the COVID-19 pandemic revealed that aesthetics, pedestrian infrastructure, proximity to shops/facilities, and building characteristics were perceived as walk-friendly, whereas traffic as well as unsafe intersections were perceived as barriers to walking. Older adults also reported avoiding crowded parks and crowded or narrow boardwalks, sidewalks, and walking paths due to difficulties with physical distancing. Interventions to improve the micro-scale environment of neighborhoods could increase walking for leisure in older adults, a vulnerable population group, that may be particularly sensitive to the micro-scale features of their neighborhood environment"--