Extensional Constructs In Intensional Type Theory
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Extensional Constructs In Intensional Type Theory
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Author : Martin Hofmann
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Extensional Constructs In Intensional Type Theory written by Martin Hofmann and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
Extensional Constructs in Intensional Type Theory presents a novel approach to the treatment of equality in Martin-Loef type theory (a basis for important work in mechanised mathematics and program verification). Martin Hofmann attempts to reconcile the two different ways that type theories deal with identity types. The book will be of interest particularly to researchers with mainly theoretical interests and implementors of type theory based proof assistants, and also fourth year undergraduates who will find it useful as part of an advanced course on type theory.
A Combination Of Geometry Theorem Proving And Nonstandard Analysis With Application To Newton S Principia
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Author : Jacques Fleuriot
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-09-30
A Combination Of Geometry Theorem Proving And Nonstandard Analysis With Application To Newton S Principia written by Jacques Fleuriot and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-30 with Mathematics categories.
Sir Isaac Newton's philosophi Naturalis Principia Mathematica'(the Principia) contains a prose-style mixture of geometric and limit reasoning that has often been viewed as logically vague. In A Combination of Geometry Theorem Proving and Nonstandard Analysis, Jacques Fleuriot presents a formalization of Lemmas and Propositions from the Principia using a combination of methods from geometry and nonstandard analysis. The mechanization of the procedures, which respects much of Newton's original reasoning, is developed within the theorem prover Isabelle. The application of this framework to the mechanization of elementary real analysis using nonstandard techniques is also discussed.
User Developer Cooperation In Software Development
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Author : Eamonn O'Neill
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
User Developer Cooperation In Software Development written by Eamonn O'Neill and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
The topic of the research reported here is direct user participation in the task-based development of interactive software systems. Building usable software demands understanding and supporting users and their tasks. Users are a primary source of usability requirements and knowledge, since users can be expected to have intimate and extensive knowledge of themselves, their tasks and their working environment. Task analysis approaches to software development encourage a focus on supporting users and their tasks while participatory design approaches encourage users' direct, active contributions to software development work. However, participatory design approaches often concentrate their efforts on design activities rather than on wider system development activities, while task analysis approaches generally lack active user participation beyond initial data gathering. This research attempts an integration of the strengths of task analysis and user participation within an overall software development process. This work also presents detailed empirical and theoretical analyses of what it is for users and developers to cooperate, of the nature of user-developer interaction in participatory settings. Furthermore, it makes operational and assesses the effectiveness of user participation in development and the impact of user-developer cooperation on the resulting software product. The research addressed these issues through the development and application of an approach to task based participatory development in two real world development projects. In this integrated approach, the respective strengths of task analysis and participatory design methods complemented each other's weaker aspects.
Architecture Independent Loop Parallelisation
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Author : Radu C. Calinescu
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Architecture Independent Loop Parallelisation written by Radu C. Calinescu and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
Architecture-independent programming and automatic parallelisation have long been regarded as two different means of alleviating the prohibitive costs of parallel software development. Building on recent advances in both areas, Architecture-Independent Loop Parallelisation proposes a unified approach to the parallelisation of scientific computing code. This novel approach is based on the bulk-synchronous parallel model of computation, and succeeds in automatically generating parallel code that is architecture-independent, scalable, and of analytically predictable performance.
Models Of Sharing Graphs
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Author : Masahito Hasegawa
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Models Of Sharing Graphs written by Masahito Hasegawa and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
Models of Sharing Graphs presents a sound mathematical basis for reasoning about models of computation involving shared resources, including graph rewriting systems, denotational semantics and concurrency theory. An algebraic approach, based on the language of category theory, is taken throughout this work, which enables the author to describe several aspects of the notion of sharing in a systematic way. In particular, a novel account of recursive computation created from cyclic sharing is developed using this framework.
Large Scale Collaborative Virtual Environments
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Author : Chris Greenhalgh
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Large Scale Collaborative Virtual Environments written by Chris Greenhalgh and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
Collaborative virtual environments are multi-user virtual realities which actively support communication and co-operation. This book addresses the theory, design, realisation and evaluation of such systems, with a particular emphasis on support for large numbers of distributed users. A broad approach is taken, which ranges from the sociology of interpersonal communication to the management of communication in distributed systems. The emphasis on multi-user environments distinguishes this book from the many general books on virtual reality which only deal with single-user systems. This book presents: models of multi-party awareness and interaction in space-based systems; detailed designs of two prototypes (MASSIVE-1 and MASSIVE-2); experiences with collaborative virtual environments created using these; and analyses of the corresponding network requirements. Many of these results and ideas are applicable to other systems and approaches.
Hardware Evolution
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Author : Adrian Thompson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Hardware Evolution written by Adrian Thompson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
Evolution through natural selection has been going on for a very long time. Evolution through artificial selection has been practiced by humans for a large part of our history, in the breeding of plants and livestock. Artificial evolution, where we evolve an artifact through artificial selection, has been around since electronic computers became common: about 30 years. Right from the beginning, people have suggested using artificial evolution to design electronics automatically.l Only recently, though, have suitable re configurable silicon chips become available that make it easy for artificial evolution to work with a real, physical, electronic medium: before them, ex periments had to be done entirely in software simulations. Early research concentrated on the potential applications opened-up by the raw speed ad vantage of dedicated digital hardware over software simulation on a general purpose computer. This book is an attempt to show that there is more to it than that. In fact, a radically new viewpoint is possible, with fascinating consequences. This book was written as a doctoral thesis, submitted in September 1996. As such, it was a rather daring exercise in ruthless brevity. Believing that the contribution I had to make was essentially a simple one, I resisted being drawn into peripheral discussions. In the places where I deliberately drop a subject, this implies neither that it's not interesting, nor that it's not relevant: just that it's not a crucial part of the tale I want to tell here.
Randomized Algorithms Approximation Generation And Counting
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Author : Russ Bubley
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Randomized Algorithms Approximation Generation And Counting written by Russ Bubley and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
Randomized Algorithms discusses two problems of fine pedigree: counting and generation, both of which are of fundamental importance to discrete mathematics and probability. When asking questions like "How many are there?" and "What does it look like on average?" of families of combinatorial structures, answers are often difficult to find -- we can be blocked by seemingly intractable algorithms. Randomized Algorithms shows how to get around the problem of intractability with the Markov chain Monte Carlo method, as well as highlighting the method's natural limits. It uses the technique of coupling before introducing "path coupling" a new technique which radically simplifies and improves upon previous methods in the area.
Search And Planning Under Incomplete Information
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Author : Ian Frank
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Search And Planning Under Incomplete Information written by Ian Frank and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
This book updates the thesis I produced for my PhD at the Department of Artificial Intelligence of the University of Edinburgh, correcting errors, and improving some of the formatting and readability. Since the original work was completed (early 1996), research has progressed. Most notably, the public profile of AI and game-playing has reached new heights with the feats of the chess computer DEEPER BLUE (which surely uses AI, no matter what IBM would have us believe). Although less heralded, the ability of computers to play Bridge (the main example domain in this book) has also increased. In July of 1997 a world championship for computer Bridge programs was hosted by the American Contract Bridge League in Albuquerque, New Mex ico. This contest was won by a program called Bridge Baron, produced by Great Game Products. Bridge Baron incorporates knowledge-based planning techniques developed by Stephen Smith and Dana Nau [1, 2]. Progress has also been made on the contrasting, more brute-force, approach of sampling the possible card distributions. In particular, Matt Ginsberg has developed a fast double-dummy solver based on partition search [3]. Ginsberg's program fared poorly in the 1997 Bridge championships, but Ginsberg himself reports very promising results [4] on a hard set of complete Bridge deals taken from the Bridge tutoring program Bridge Master.
Theorem Proving With The Real Numbers
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Author : John Harrison
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Theorem Proving With The Real Numbers written by John Harrison and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
This book discusses the use of the real numbers in theorem proving. Typ ically, theorem provers only support a few 'discrete' datatypes such as the natural numbers. However the availability of the real numbers opens up many interesting and important application areas, such as the verification of float ing point hardware and hybrid systems. It also allows the formalization of many more branches of classical mathematics, which is particularly relevant for attempts to inject more rigour into computer algebra systems. Our work is conducted in a version of the HOL theorem prover. We de scribe the rigorous definitional construction of the real numbers, using a new version of Cantor's method, and the formalization of a significant portion of real analysis. We also describe an advanced derived decision procedure for the 'Tarski subset' of real algebra as well as some more modest but practically useful tools for automating explicit calculations and routine linear arithmetic reasoning. Finally, we consider in more detail two interesting application areas. We discuss the desirability of combining the rigour of theorem provers with the power and convenience of computer algebra systems, and explain a method we have used in practice to achieve this. We then move on to the verification of floating point hardware. After a careful discussion of possible correctness specifications, we report on two case studies, one involving a transcendental function.