Fast Measurement Of Individual Head Related Transfer Functions
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Fast Measurement Of Individual Head Related Transfer Functions
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Author : Jan-Gerrit Richter
language : en
Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin
Release Date : 2019
Fast Measurement Of Individual Head Related Transfer Functions written by Jan-Gerrit Richter and has been published by Logos Verlag Berlin this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Technology categories.
While binaural technology applications gained in popularity in recent years, the majority of applications still use non-individual Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) from artificial heads. However, certain applications, for example research of spatial hearing or hearing attention, require an physically exact and realistic binaural signal. The limiting factor that prohibits the widespread use of individual HRTFs is the acquisition time of such data. This time requirement has recently been reduced by the use of parallelization in the measurement signal which lead to the development of fast measurement systems capable of acquiring individual and spatially dense HRTF. This thesis provides a objective and subjective evaluation of such a system that is designed with the goal of little disturbance of the measurements in mind. The construction is detailed, followed by both an objective and subjective evaluation. A detailed investigation into additional distortion of the sound field introduced by the system itself is presented and it is shown that the system performs comparably to a conventional system in terms of sound source localization. Furthermore, a method is introduced and evaluated to further reduce the measurement time by using continuous rotation during the measurement. This method is used to reduced the measurement duration from eight minutes to three minutes without audible differences.
Individualized Binaural Technology
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Author : Bruno Sanches Masiero
language : en
Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
Release Date : 2012
Individualized Binaural Technology written by Bruno Sanches Masiero and has been published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Science categories.
In this work the importance of individualization in binaural technique is investigated. The results extend the present knowledge on the efficient measurement of individual head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) and highlight the importance of individual equalization filters in binaural reproduction, using both loudspeakers and headphones. Moreover, an integrated framework for the calculation of such equalization filters is presented. An innovative measurement setup was developed to allow the fast acquisition of individual HRTFs. The hardware was designed to be compatible with the range extrapolation technique. An individual HRTF dataset with 4000 directions can be measured in less than 6 minutes with this new setup. A framework was presented that integrates causality constraints to the regularized frequency domain calculation of crosstalk cancellation (CTC) filter. This framework also addresses the switching of active loudspeakers applying a weighted filter calculation method. A sound localization test showed that individualized CTC systems provide performance similar to that of binaural listening while nonindividualized CTC systems provide a significantly lower localization performance. Finally, a robust individual headphone equalization method was proposed. Perceptual tests showed that, in all but one of the tested situations, no audible differences between the original sound source and its binaural auditory display could be perceived.
Frontiers In Signal Processing Editors Choice 2022
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Author : Augusto Sarti
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2023-04-05
Frontiers In Signal Processing Editors Choice 2022 written by Augusto Sarti and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-04-05 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Head Related Transfer Function And Virtual Auditory Display
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Author : Bosun Xie
language : en
Publisher: J. Ross Publishing
Release Date : 2013-07-23
Head Related Transfer Function And Virtual Auditory Display written by Bosun Xie and has been published by J. Ross Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-07-23 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book systematically details the basic principles and applications of head-related transfer function (HRTF) and virtual auditory display (VAD), and reviews the latest developments in the field, especially those from the author’s own state-of-the-art research group. Head-Related Transfer Function and Virtual Auditory Display covers binaural hearing and the basic principles, experimental measurements, computation, physical characteristics analyses, filter design, and customization of HRTFs. It also details the principles and applications of VADs, including headphone and loudspeaker-based binaural reproduction, virtual reproduction of stereophonic and multi-channel surround sound, binaural room simulation, rendering systems for dynamic and real-time virtual auditory environments, psychoacoustic evaluation and validation of VADs, and a variety of applications of VADs. This guide provides all the necessary knowledge and latest results for researchers, graduate students, and engineers who work in the field of HRTF and VAD.
Advances In Fundamental And Applied Research On Spatial Audio
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Author : Brian F.G. Katz
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2022-10-05
Advances In Fundamental And Applied Research On Spatial Audio written by Brian F.G. Katz and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-05 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Spatial audio is a dynamic and rapidly evolving field, as it is closely linked to advances in computer technology and digital signal processing. The democratization of virtual reality hardware available as consumer devices has moved the field further out of traditional laboratory research, and directly into applied research targeting a wide range of consumers. Advances in Fundamental and Applied Research on Spatial Audio presents a collection of eight peer-reviewed chapters on this exciting area of research. The contributions are organized into three sections: “Acoustic Methodology”, “Perception”, and “Applications”, and cover a range of topics, addressing both headphone- and loudspeaker-based reproductions, offering both methodological overviews and specific case studies.
Anthropometric Individualization Of Head Related Transfer Functions Analysis And Modeling
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Author : Ramona Bomhardt
language : en
Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
Release Date : 2017-09-04
Anthropometric Individualization Of Head Related Transfer Functions Analysis And Modeling written by Ramona Bomhardt and has been published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-04 with Science categories.
Human sound localization helps to pay attention to spatially separated speakers using interaural level and time differences as well as angle-dependent monaural spectral cues. In a monophonic teleconference, for instance, it is much more difficult to distinguish between different speakers due to missing binaural cues. Spatial positioning of the speakers by means of binaural reproduction methods using head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) enhances speech comprehension. These HRTFs are influenced by the torso, head and ear geometry as they describe the propagation path of the sound from a source to the ear canal entrance. Through this geometry-dependency, the HRTF is directional and subject-dependent. To enable a sufficient reproduction, individual HRTFs should be used. However, it is tremendously difficult to measure these HRTFs. For this reason this thesis proposes approaches to adapt the HRTFs applying individual anthropometric dimensions of a user. Since localization at low frequencies is mainly influenced by the interaural time difference, two models to adapt this difference are developed and compared with existing models. Furthermore, two approaches to adapt the spectral cues at higher frequencies are studied, improved and compared. Although the localization performance with individualized HRTFs is slightly worse than with individual HRTFs, it is nevertheless still better than with non-individual HRTFs, taking into account the measurement effort.
The Technology Of Binaural Listening
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Author : Jens Blauert
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-07
The Technology Of Binaural Listening written by Jens Blauert and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-07 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book reports on the application of advanced models of the human binaural hearing system in modern technology, among others, in the following areas: binaural analysis of aural scenes, binaural de-reverberation, binaural quality assessment of audio channels, loudspeakers and performance spaces, binaural perceptual coding, binaural processing in hearing aids and cochlea implants, binaural systems in robots, binaural/tactile human-machine interfaces, speech-intelligibility prediction in rooms and/or multi-speaker scenarios. An introduction to binaural modeling and an outlook to the future are provided. Further, the book features a MATLAB toolbox to enable readers to construct their own dedicated binaural models on demand.
Uncertainties In Acoustical Transfer Functions
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Author : Pascal Dietrich
language : en
Publisher: Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
Release Date : 2013-11-28
Uncertainties In Acoustical Transfer Functions written by Pascal Dietrich and has been published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Measured transfer functions of acoustic systems are often used to derive single-number parameters. The uncertainty analysis is commonly focused on the derived parameters but not on the transfer function as the primary quantity. This thesis presents an approach to assess the uncertainty contributions in these transfer functions by using analytic models. Uncertainties caused by the measurement method are analyzed with a focus on the underlying signal processing. In particular, the influence of nonlinearities in the acoustic measurement chain are modeled to predict artifacts in the measured signals and hence the calculated acoustic transfer function. Secondly, characterization methods commonly applied in the field of signal processing are linked to the acoustic scenarios and the main influencing parameters. Acoustic parameters are then derived analytically and by means of Monte Carlo simulations considering the uncertainty of these input parameters. In order to provide airborne applications, analytic models for sound barrier and room acoustic measurements are developed incorporating the directivity and the orientation of the sound source as well as the positions of sources and receivers. The simulated uncertainty contributions are validated by measurements. The same approach is also applied to structure-borne sound applications.
Auralization
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Author : Michael Vorländer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-08-28
Auralization written by Michael Vorländer and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-28 with Science categories.
Auralization is the technique of creation and reproduction of sound on the basis of computer data. With this tool it is possible to predict the character of sound signals which are generated at the source and modified by reinforcement, propagation and transmission in systems such as rooms, buildings, vehicles or other technical devices. This book is organized as a comprehensive collection of the basics of sound and vibration, acoustic modelling, simulation, signal processing and audio reproduction. With some mathematical prerequisites, the readers will be able to follow the main strategy of auralization easily and work out their own implementations of auralization in various fields of application in architectural acoustics, acoustic engineering, sound design and virtual reality. For readers interested in basic research, the technique of auralization may be useful to create sound stimuli for specific investigations in linguistic, medical, neurological and psychological research, and in the field of human-machine interaction.
Sonic Interactions In Virtual Environments
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Author : Michele Geronazzo
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-10-13
Sonic Interactions In Virtual Environments written by Michele Geronazzo and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-13 with Computers categories.
This open access book tackles the design of 3D spatial interactions in an audio-centered and audio-first perspective, providing the fundamental notions related to the creation and evaluation of immersive sonic experiences. The key elements that enhance the sensation of place in a virtual environment (VE) are: Immersive audio: the computational aspects of the acoustical-space properties of Virutal Reality (VR) technologies Sonic interaction: the human-computer interplay through auditory feedback in VE VR systems: naturally support multimodal integration, impacting different application domains Sonic Interactions in Virtual Environments will feature state-of-the-art research on real-time auralization, sonic interaction design in VR, quality of the experience in multimodal scenarios, and applications. Contributors and editors include interdisciplinary experts from the fields of computer science, engineering, acoustics, psychology, design, humanities, and beyond. Their mission is to shape an emerging new field of study at the intersection of sonic interaction design and immersive media, embracing an archipelago of existing research spread in different audio communities and to increase among the VR communities, researchers, and practitioners, the awareness of the importance of sonic elements when designing immersive environments.