Fiscal Rules Limits On Governmental Deficits And Debt
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Fiscal Rules Limits On Governmental Deficits And Debt
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Author : Fred L. Morrison
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-08-11
Fiscal Rules Limits On Governmental Deficits And Debt written by Fred L. Morrison and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-11 with Law categories.
This book examines legal limitations on government deficit and debt and its impact on the ability of nations to provide services to their residents. It studies constitutional and statutory limitations, as well as those imposed by international treaties and other instruments, including those of both the European Union and the International Monetary Fund. The book contains a general report examining the fiscal rules that govern the budgets and expenditures of nation states. The general report is followed by a special report which covers the limits imposed by the European Union and by the smaller group of countries constituting the Eurozone. Ten national reports, describing the limits in their respective countries, form the basis of the general report. These countries include eight members of the European Union (five of which use the Euro and three of which do not), one other European state and one non-European state. The reports include two countries in which constitutional “debt brakes” limit national deficit and debt.
Fiscal Policy Rules
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Author : Mr.George Kopits
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1998-07-22
Fiscal Policy Rules written by Mr.George Kopits and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-07-22 with Business & Economics categories.
What are fiscal policy rules? What are the principal benefits and drawbacks associated with various fiscal rules, particularly compared with alternative approaches to fiscal adjustment? Can fiscal rules contribute to long-run sustainability and welfare without sacrificing short-run stabilization? If so, what characteristics of fiscal rules make this contribution most effective? And in what circumstances and contexts, if any should the IMF encourage its member countries to adopt fiscal rules? This paper seeks to identify sensible fiscal policy rules that can succeed, if chosen by a member country, as an alternative to descretionary fiscal rules.
Defining The Government S Debt And Deficit
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Author : Mr.Timothy Irwin
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2015-11-20
Defining The Government S Debt And Deficit written by Mr.Timothy Irwin and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-20 with Business & Economics categories.
Although the budget deficit and the public debt feature prominently in political debate and economic research, there is no agreement about how they should be measured. They can be defined for different sets of public institutions, including the nested sets corresponding to central government, general government, and the public sector, and, for any definition of government, there are many measures of the debt and deficit, including those generated by four kinds of accounts (cash, financial, full accrual, and comprehensive), which can be derived from four nested sets of assets and liabilities. Each debt and deficit measure says something about public finances, but none tells the whole story. Each is also vulnerable to manipulation, and is likely to be manipulated if it is subject to a binding fiscal rule or target. Narrow definitions of government encourage the shifting of spending to entities outside the defined perimeter of government. Narrow definitions of debt and deficit encourage operations involving off-balance-sheets assets and liabilities, while broad measures are susceptible to the mismeasurement of on-balance-sheet assets and liabilities. Reviewing the literature on these issues, the paper concludes that governments should publish several measures of the debt and deficit in a form that clearly reveals their interrelationships.
Anchor Me The Benefits And Challenges Of Fiscal Responsibility
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Author : Mr.Serhan Cevik
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2019-03-25
Anchor Me The Benefits And Challenges Of Fiscal Responsibility written by Mr.Serhan Cevik and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-25 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper discusses the benefits and challenges of implementing a rule-based fiscal responsibility framework, using the Philippines as a case study. It estimates structural measures of the fiscal stance over the period 1980–2016 and applies a stochastic simulation model to determine the optimal set of fiscal rules. The empirical analysis indicates that discretionary fiscal policy has been procyclical, and the degree of procyclicality has increased in recent years. While the national government’s non-binding ceiling on the overall budget deficit is helpful, it does not constitute an appropriate operational target to guide fiscal policy over the economic cycle and necessarily ensure that the fiscal stance meets the government’s intertemporal budget constraint. To this end, using stochastic simulations, this paper makes the case for a well-designed fiscal responsibility law that enshrines explicit fiscal rules designed for countercyclical policy and long-term debt sustainability, and an independent fiscal council to improve accountability and transparency.
Incentives For Public Investment Under Fiscal Rules
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Author : Jack M. Mintz
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2006
Incentives For Public Investment Under Fiscal Rules written by Jack M. Mintz and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Capital budget categories.
The authors explore the relationship between fiscal rules and capital budgeting. The current budgetary approach to limit deficits to a fixed portion of GDP or to balance budgets could undermine incentives to invest in public capital with long-run returns since politicians concerned about electoral prospects would favor expenditures providing immediate benefits to their voters. An alternative budgetary approach is to separate capital from current revenues and expenditures and relax fiscal constraints by allowing governments to finance capital expenditures with debt, as suggested by the golden rule approach to capital funding. But the effect of capital budgeting would be to provide opportunities to politicians to escape the fiscal rule constraints by shifting current expenditures into capital accounts that are difficult to measure properly, thereby leading to increased borrowing. As an alternative, the authors propose a modified golden rule limiting debt finance to a proportion of the government's investment in self-liquidating assets.
Fiscal Rules And Countercyclical Policy
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Author : Mr.Evan Tanner
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2003-11-01
Fiscal Rules And Countercyclical Policy written by Mr.Evan Tanner and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-11-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Fiscal rules—legal restrictions on government borrowing, spending, or debt accumulation (like the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act in the United States)—have recently been adopted or considered in several countries, both industrial and developing. Previous literature stresses that such laws restrict countercyclical government borrowing, thus preventing intertemporal equalization of marginal deadweight losses of taxation—an idea associated with Frank Ramsey. However, such literature typically abstracts from persistent current deficits that are financed by future tax increases. Eliminating such deficits may substantially reduce tax rate variability—the very goal of countercyclical borrowing—even over a finite horizon. Thus, Gramm-Rudman-Hollings and Frank Ramsey are not necessarily enemies and they may even be good friends!
Fiscal Rules At A Glance
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Author : Mrs.Nina Budina
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2012-11-14
Fiscal Rules At A Glance written by Mrs.Nina Budina and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-11-14 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper provides country-specific information on fiscal rules in use in 81 countries from 1985 to end-September 2012. It serves as background material and update of the July 2012 Working Paper “Fiscal Rules in Response to the Crisis—Toward the ‘Next Generation’ Rules: A New Dataset” and is also available in an easy accessible electronic data visualization tool (http://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/FiscalRules/map/map.htm.).The dataset covers four types of rules: budget balance rules, debt rules, expenditure rules, and revenue rules, applying to the central or general government or the public sector. It also presents details on various characteristics of rules, such as their legal basis, coverage, escape clauses, as well as key supporting features such as independent monitoring bodies.
Fiscal Rules In Response To The Crisis
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Author : Ms.Andrea Schaechter
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2012-07-01
Fiscal Rules In Response To The Crisis written by Ms.Andrea Schaechter and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Strengthening fiscal frameworks, in particular fiscal rules, has emerged as a key response to the fiscal legacy of the crisis. This paper takes stock of fiscal rules in use around the world, compiles a dataset - covering national and supranational fiscal rules, in 81 countries from 1985 to end-March 2012 - and presents details about the rules’ key design elements, particularly in support of enforcement. This information is summarized in a set of fiscal rules indices. Three key findings emerge: (i) many new fiscal rules have been adopted and existing ones strengthened in response to the crisis; (ii) the number of fiscal rules and the comprehensiveness of the design features in emerging economies has caught up to those in advanced economies; and (iii) the "next-generation" fiscal rules are increasingly complex as they combine the objectives of sustainability and with the need for flexibility in response to shocks, thereby creating new challenges for implementation, communication, and monitoring.
Fiscal Rules Anchoring Expectations For Sustainable Public Finances
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Author : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2009-12-11
Fiscal Rules Anchoring Expectations For Sustainable Public Finances written by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-11 with Business & Economics categories.
The sharp increase in fiscal deficits and public debt in most advanced and several developing economies has raised concerns about the sustainability of public finances and highlighted the need for a significant adjustment over the medium term. This paper assesses the usefulness of fiscal rules in supporting fiscal consolidation, discusses the design and implementation of rules based on a new data base spanning the whole Fund membership, and explores the fiscal framework that could be adopted as countries emerge from the crisis.
Fiscal Limits External Debt And Fiscal Policy In Developing Countries
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Author : Huixin Bi
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2014-03-31
Fiscal Limits External Debt And Fiscal Policy In Developing Countries written by Huixin Bi and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-31 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper studies fiscal policy effects in developing countries with external debt and sovereign default risks. State-dependent distributions of fiscal limits are simulated based on macroeconomic uncertainty and fiscal policy specifications. The analysis shows that expected future revenue plays an important role in the low fiscal limits of developing countries, relative to those of developed countries. External debt carries additional risks since large devaluation of the real exchange rate can suddenly raise default probabilities. Consistent with majority views, fiscal consolidations are counterproductive in the short and medium runs. When an economy approaches its fiscal limits, government spending can be less expansionary than in a low-debt state. As more revenue is required to service debt in a high-debt state, higher tax rates raise the economic cost of increasing consumption, reducing the fiscal multiplier.