Flexible Polymer Chains In Elongational Flow

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Flexible Polymer Chains In Elongational Flow

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Author : Tuan Q. Nguyen
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Flexible Polymer Chains In Elongational Flow written by Tuan Q. Nguyen and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.

The behavior of polymer solutions in simple shear flows has been the subject of considerable research in the past. On the other hand, reports on polymers in elongational flow have appeared comparatively recently in the literature. Elongational flow with an inherent low vorticity is known to be more effective in extending polymer chains than simple shear flow and thus is more interesting from the point of view of basic (molecular chain dynamics at high deformation) and applied polymer science (rheology, fiber extrusion, drag reduction, flow through porous media). Undoubtly, one landmark in the field of polymer dynamics in elongational flow was the notion of critical strain-rate for chain extension, initially put forward by A. Peterlin (1966) and later refined into the "coil-stretching" transition by P. G. de Gennes and H. Hinch (1974). In the two decades which followed, significant progress in the understanding of chain conformation in "strong" flow has been accomplished through a combination of advances in instrumentation, computation techniques and theoretical studies. As a result of the multidisciplinary nature of the field, information on polymer chains in "strong" flow is accessible only from reviews and research papers scattered in disparate scientific journals. An important objective of this book is to remedy that situation by providing the reader with up-to-date knowledge in a single volume. The editors therefore invited leading specialists to provide both fundamental and applied information on the multiple facets of chain deformation in elongational flow.

Rheological Properties And Chain Dynamics Of Flexible Polymers In Flows

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Author : Tjony Wei Liu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989

Rheological Properties And Chain Dynamics Of Flexible Polymers In Flows written by Tjony Wei Liu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with categories.

Dynamics Of Rigid And Flexible Polymer Chains Transport Through Confined Geometries Electrohydrodynamics

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Author : O Ok Park
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985

Dynamics Of Rigid And Flexible Polymer Chains Transport Through Confined Geometries Electrohydrodynamics written by O Ok Park and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with categories.

Polymer Mechanochemistry

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Author : Roman Boulatov
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-10-17

Polymer Mechanochemistry written by Roman Boulatov and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-17 with Technology & Engineering categories.

The series Topics in Current Chemistry presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in modern chemical research. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field. Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Readership: research chemists at universities or in industry, graduate students.

Short And Long Chains At Interfaces

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Author : Jean Daillant
language : en
Publisher: Atlantica Séguier Frontières
Release Date : 1995

Short And Long Chains At Interfaces written by Jean Daillant and has been published by Atlantica Séguier Frontières this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Science categories.

Nano Micro Science And Technology In Biorheology

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Author : Rio Kita
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2015-06-09

Nano Micro Science And Technology In Biorheology written by Rio Kita and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-09 with Medical categories.

Integrating basic to applied science and technology in medicine, pharmaceutics, molecular biology, biomedical engineering, biophysics and irreversible thermodynamics, this book covers cutting-edge research of the structure and function of biomaterials at a molecular level. In addition, it examines for the first time studies performed at the nano- and micro scale. With innovative technologies and methodologies aiming to clarify the molecular mechanism and macroscopic relationship, Nano/Micro Science and Technology in Biorheology thoroughly covers the basic principles of these studies, with helpful step-by-step explanations of methodologies and insight into medical applications. Written by pioneering researchers, the book is a valuable resource for academics and industry scientists, as well as graduate students, working or studying in bio-related fields.

Practical Aspects Of Chemical Engineering

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Author : Marek Ochowiak
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-02-07

Practical Aspects Of Chemical Engineering written by Marek Ochowiak and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-02-07 with Science categories.

This book focuses on Chemical Engineering and Processing, covering interdisciplinary innovation technologies and sciences closely related to chemical engineering, such as computer image analysis, modelling and IT. The book presents interdisciplinary aspects of chemical and biochemical engineering interconnected with process system engineering, process safety and computer science.

Cyclodextrin

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Author : Poonam Arora
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2018-04-18

Cyclodextrin written by Poonam Arora and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-18 with Science categories.

The book is devoted to the highly versatile and potential ingredient Cyclodextrin, a family of cyclic oligosaccharides composed of ?-(1,4)-linked glucopyranose subunits. Its molecular complexation phenomena and negligible cytotoxic effects attribute toward its application such as in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food, agriculture, textile, separation process, analytical methods, catalysis, environment protection, and diagnostics. Efforts have also been made to concentrate on recent research outcomes along with future prospects of cyclodextrins to attract the interest of scientists from the industry and academia. The contributions of the authors are greatly acknowledged, without which this compilation would not have been possible.

Polymer Dynamics In Dilute Media

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Author : Shikha Somani
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University
Release Date : 2011

Polymer Dynamics In Dilute Media written by Shikha Somani and has been published by Stanford University this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.

Polymers undergo a sharp coil to stretch conformational transition in extension dominated flows when the strain rate exceeds a critical value. Dramatic change in flow behavior is known to occur at the coil-stretch transition, making it useful for several commercial applications. Despite decades of study, this phenomenon remains surrounded with controversy as the effect of solvent properties and fluid flow elements on this transition is not fully understood. In this work, we present a study of the coil-stretch transition and related hysteresis phenomenon using stochastic computer simulations. We first investigate the effect of solvent quality on the coil-stretch transition using Brownian dynamics simulations. Unlike experiments, which are plagued with problems related to polydispersity of polymers and inaccurate control over flow profiles, simulations offer a powerful platform to systematically study the effect of solvent quality while keeping all other parameters in the system constant. The system consists of a polymer subjected to planar elongational flow in both theta solvents and good solvents. The polymer is represented by a bead-spring chain model undergoing elongational flow. Solvent-mediated effects such as fluctuating hydrodynamic interactions (HI) and excluded volume (EV) are included rigorously. Conformational hysteresis is understood in terms of a 1-D energy landscape theory with an activation energy barrier for transition. At steady state, depending upon the flow rate, the energy landscape can either have one or two energy wells. An energy landscape with one well corresponds to the coiled state at low flow rate and stretched state at high flowrate. The double welled landscape corresponds to the hysteretic regime where both coiled and stretched conformational states coexist across the ensemble population. A key factor in determining the effect of solvent quality is the use of a proper measure of solvent quality. In almost all earlier studies, the effect of molecular weight on solvent quality has been neglected, producing inconsistent results. Here, the solvent quality is quantified carefully such that the effect of molecular weight and temperature is taken into account. Contrary to earlier findings, it is observed that with improvement in solvent quality, the chains unravel faster and the critical strain rate at which the coil to stretch transition takes place decreases. Furthermore, the solvent quality has a profound effect on the scaling of the critical strain rate with molecular weight and on both the transient and steady state properties of the system. Universal functions are shown to exist for the observed dynamic and static properties, which will prove useful in determining the operating parameters for experiments. In particular, the ratio of the two different relaxation times (longest relaxation time and zero shear rate viscosity) is found to be a universal function of solvent quality independent of molecular weight. The relaxation times (both the longest relaxation time and the zero shear rate viscosity) increase while the critical strain rate is found to decrease with solvent quality. Next, the study of conformational hysteresis is extended to more complicated 3-D flows to understand the effect of flow vorticity on this phenomenon. Heretofore, there has been no systematic methodology for studying the dynamical interactions between polymer molecules and elementary flow patterns in three-dimensional flows. Such a framework is essential not just for gaining valuable insights into the physics of complex fluids at a fundamental level, but it is also crucial for various important applications like turbulent drag reduction where the underlying physical mechanisms involve dynamical interactions between polymers and turbulence fine scale flow features. Such a study is presented here to provide a framework to interpret complex fluid phenomenon in terms of elementary flow patterns. We investigate the conformational hysteresis using rigorous Brownian dynamics simulations and specifically explore the effect of flow vorticity on the lifetime and width of the hysteresis window in 3-D flows. A systematic procedure is developed with careful eigenvalue analysis to explore the sole effect of vorticity on polymer dynamics keeping the principal strain rate fixed. It is observed that the hysteresis width shrinks due to increase in flow vorticity irrespective of the flow type (bi-extensional, bi-compressional, spiral-inwards, spiral-outwards etc). This is further traced to the alignment of eigenvectors with the principal eigenvector direction leading to enhanced fluctuations. Vorticity is found to have a significant effect on both the transient and the steady state properties. Understanding the effect of vorticity on polymer conformational hysteresis can further help in understanding the fundamental processes in complex flows.

Nonlinear Phenomena In Flows Of Viscoelastic Polymer Fluids

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Author : A.I. Leonov
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06

Nonlinear Phenomena In Flows Of Viscoelastic Polymer Fluids written by A.I. Leonov and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This monograph presents theoretical and experimental studies of flows of elastic liquids. Falling into this category are particularly the melts and concentrated solutions of such flexible-chain polymers as polyethylene, polyisobutylene and polypropylene, all of which are widely used in polymer processing. These polydisperse polymers vary greatly, from batch to batch, in their mechanical properties and 20% variation in a property is believed to be good enough. l 7 All recent books - devoted to the rheology of polymers do not answer the question of which constitutive equations should be used for solving the fluid mechanic problems of polymer processing in the usual case of an appreciable nonlinear region of deformation where nonlinear effects of shear and extensional elasticity are very important. Viscoelastic constitut ive equations cited commonly (see, e.g. Refs 5 and 6) do not describe simultaneously even the simplest cases of deformations, viz. simple shear and uniaxial extension. Moreover, some of them are internally inconsist ent and sometimes display highly unstable behaviour in simple flows without any fundamental reasons. Even more respected molecular ap free from these defects.