Foreign Competition And Domestic Innovation
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Foreign Competition And Domestic Innovation
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Author : David H. Autor
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Foreign Competition And Domestic Innovation written by David H. Autor and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
Manufacturing accounts for more than three-quarters of U.S. corporate patents. The competitive shock to this sector emanating from China's economic ascent could in theory either augment or stifle U.S. innovation. Using three decades of U.S. patents matched to corporate owners, we quantify how foreign competition affects domestic innovation. Rising import exposure intensifies competitive pressure, reducing sales, profitability, and R&D expenditure at U.S. firms. Accounting for confounding sectoral patenting trends, we find that U.S. patent production declines in sectors facing greater import competition. This adverse effect is larger among initially less profitable and less capital-intensive firms.
Foreign Competition And Innovation
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Author : Elhanan Helpman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Foreign Competition And Innovation written by Elhanan Helpman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
Does Import Competition Induce R D Reallocation Evidence From The U S
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Author : Rui Xu
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2017-11-16
Does Import Competition Induce R D Reallocation Evidence From The U S written by Rui Xu and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-16 with Business & Economics categories.
We analyze the impact of rising import competition from China on U.S. innovative activities. Using Compustat data, we find that import competition induces R&D expenditures to be reallocated towards more productive and more profitable firms within each industry. Such reallocation effect has the potential to offset the average drop in firm-level R&D identified in the previous literature. Indeed, our quantitative analysis shows no adverse impact of import competition on aggregate R&D expenditures. Taking the analysis beyond manufacturing, we find that import competition has led to reallocation of researchers towards booming service industries, including business and repairs, personal services, and financial services.
The Effect Of Import Competition On Firm Productivity And Innovation
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Author : Sai Ding
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
The Effect Of Import Competition On Firm Productivity And Innovation written by Sai Ding and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
How does foreign competition affect growth and innovation in China? Using our unique measures of proximity of Chinese firms and industries to the world technology frontier, we find that despite vast sectoral heterogeneity, Chinese manufacturing industries have undergone rapid technological upgrading over the period of 2000-06. The distance to the world production frontier of firms and industries plays an important role in shaping the nexus between the competition pressure from foreign imports and domestic firms' growth and innovation behaviour. Our results support the theoretical predictions of Aghion et al. (2005, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, pp. 701-728) that import competition stimulates the domestic firms' productivity growth and R&D expenditure if firms and their industries are close to the world frontier, but discourages such incentives for laggard firms and industries. The two forces highlighted by the model operate for imports under the ordinary-trade regime, for collective and private firms, and for imports originated from high-income countries. Our findings are robust after controlling the influence of foreign investment, the reverse causality of regressors and the short-term business cycle fluctuations.
Competition Innovation And Growth In Japan
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Author : Yuji Honjo
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-05-11
Competition Innovation And Growth In Japan written by Yuji Honjo and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-05-11 with Business & Economics categories.
This book addresses three important concepts in the economy—competition, innovation, and growth—using various cases and available data in Japan and other countries. First, the authors discuss competition, including global competition, to provide a better understanding of competition policy in Japan. Then, the authors examine the effects of human capital and alliance on innovation while providing new innovation indicators. Moreover, the authors examine growth from the perspective of corporate strategy such as acquisition, including international comparison. The interplay of competition, innovation, and growth has been prevalent in Japan, and it still acts as a catalyst for stimulating the stagnant economy. A better understanding of competition, innovation, and growth provides the tools to reinvigorate the stagnant economy in Japan and to reinforce the economy in other countries where the period of rapid growth has ended.
Technology And National Competitiveness
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Author : Jorge Niosi
language : en
Publisher: McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Release Date : 1991
Technology And National Competitiveness written by Jorge Niosi and has been published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Business & Economics categories.
"... papers presented to the international symposium "Oligopolies, Technological Innovation and International Competitiveness" organized by the Centre for Research on the Development of Industry and Technology (CREDIT) of the University of Quebec at Montreal in October 1987" -- Introd.
Competition Innovation And Inclusive Growth
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Author : International Monetary Fund
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2021-03-19
Competition Innovation And Inclusive Growth written by International Monetary Fund and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-03-19 with Business & Economics categories.
We provide an overview of the theories and empricial evidence on the complex relationship among innovation, competition, and inclusive growth. Competition and innovation-led growth are critical to drive productivity gains and support broad-based growth. However, new technologies and trends in market concentration are stifling future innovation while contributing to the marked increase in inequality. Beyond consumer welfare in a narrow market, competition policy should adapt to this new reality by considering the spillover and dynamic effects of market power, especially on firm entry, innovation, and inequality. Innovation policies should tackle not only government failures but also market failures.
Producing Prosperity
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Author : Gary P. Pisano
language : en
Publisher: Harvard Business Press
Release Date : 2012-09-25
Producing Prosperity written by Gary P. Pisano and has been published by Harvard Business Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-25 with Business & Economics categories.
Manufacturing’s central role in global innovation Companies compete on the decisions they make. For years—even decades—in response to intensifying global competition, companies decided to outsource their manufacturing operations in order to reduce costs. But we are now seeing the alarming long-term effect of those choices: in many cases, once manufacturing capabilities go away, so does much of the ability to innovate and compete. Manufacturing, it turns out, really matters in an innovation-driven economy. In Producing Prosperity, Harvard Business School professors Gary Pisano and Willy Shih show the disastrous consequences of years of poor sourcing decisions and underinvestment in manufacturing capabilities. They reveal how today’s undervalued manufacturing operations often hold the seeds of tomorrow’s innovative new products, arguing that companies must reinvest in new product and process development in the US industrial sector. Only by reviving this “industrial commons” can the world’s largest economy build the expertise and manufacturing muscle to regain competitive advantage. America needs a manufacturing renaissance—for restoring itself, and for the global economy as a whole. This will require major changes. Pisano and Shih show how company-level choices are key to the sustained success of industries and economies, and they provide business leaders with a framework for understanding the links between manufacturing and innovation that will enable them to make better outsourcing decisions. They also detail how government must change its support of basic and applied scientific research, and promote collaboration between business and academia. For executives, policymakers, academics, and innovators alike, Producing Prosperity provides the clearest and most compelling account yet of how the American economy lost its competitive edge—and how to get it back.
Innovation And Trade Policy In A Globalized World
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Author : Ufuk Akcigit
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Innovation And Trade Policy In A Globalized World written by Ufuk Akcigit and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Commercial policy categories.
How do import tariffs and R&D subsidies help domestic firms compete globally? How do these policies affect aggregate growth and economic welfare? To answer these questions, we build a dynamic general equilibrium growth model where firm innovation endogenously determines the dynamics of technology, and, therefore, market leadership and trade flows, in a world with two large open economies at different stages of development. Firms' R&D decisions are driven by (i) the defensive innovation motive, (ii) the expansionary innovation motive, and (iii) technology spillovers. The theoretical investigation illustrates that, statically, globalization (defined as reduced trade barriers) has ambiguous effects on welfare, while, dynamically, intensified globalization boosts domestic innovation through induced international competition. Accounting for transitional dynamics, we use our model for policy evaluation and compute optimal policies over different time horizons. The model suggests that the introduction of the Research and Experimentation Tax Credit in 1981 proves to be an effective policy response to foreign competition, generating substantial welfare gains in the long run. A counterfactual exercise shows that increasing tariffs as an alternative policy response improves domestic welfare only when the policymaker cares about the very short run, and only when introduced unilaterally. Tariffs generate large welfare losses in the medium and long run, or when there is retaliation by the foreign economy. Protectionist measures generate large dynamic losses by distorting the impact of openness on innovation incentives and productivity growth. Finally, our model predicts that a more globalized world entails less government intervention, thanks to innovation-stimulating effects of intensified international competition.
International Knowledge Spillovers
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Author : Johannes Eugster
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2018-12-10
International Knowledge Spillovers written by Johannes Eugster and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-12-10 with Business & Economics categories.
How important is foreign knowledge for domestic innovation outcomes? How is this relation shaped by globalization and the attendant intensification of international competition? Our empirical approach extends the previous literature by analyzing a large panel comprising industries in both advanced and emerging economies over the past two decades. We find that barriers to the domestic diffusion of foreign knowledge have fallen significantly for emerging economies. For all countries, and especially for emerging economies, inflows of foreign knowledge have a growing and quantitatively important impact on domestic innovation. Controlling for the amount of domestic R&D, we find evidence that increases in international competitive pressure at the industry level had a positive effect on domestic innovation outcomes