Formal Logic
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An Introduction To Formal Logic
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Author : Peter Smith
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-11-06
An Introduction To Formal Logic written by Peter Smith and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-11-06 with Mathematics categories.
Formal logic provides us with a powerful set of techniques for criticizing some arguments and showing others to be valid. These techniques are relevant to all of us with an interest in being skilful and accurate reasoners. In this highly accessible book, Peter Smith presents a guide to the fundamental aims and basic elements of formal logic. He introduces the reader to the languages of propositional and predicate logic, and then develops formal systems for evaluating arguments translated into these languages, concentrating on the easily comprehensible 'tree' method. His discussion is richly illustrated with worked examples and exercises. A distinctive feature is that, alongside the formal work, there is illuminating philosophical commentary. This book will make an ideal text for a first logic course, and will provide a firm basis for further work in formal and philosophical logic.
Forall X Calgary
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Author : P. D. Magnus
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Forall X Calgary written by P. D. Magnus and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
"Forall x: Calgary is a full-featured textbook on formal logic. It covers key notions of logic such as consequence and validity of arguments, the syntax of truth-functional propositional logic TFL and truth-table semantics, the syntax of first-order (predicate) logic FOL with identity (first-order interpretations), symbolizing English in TFL and FOL, and Fitch-style natural deduction proof systems for both TFL and FOL. It also deals with some advanced topics such as modal logic, soundness, and functional completeness. Exercises with solutions are available. It is provided in PDF (for screen reading, printing, and a special version for dyslexics), HTML (with additional accessibility features), and in LaTeX source code. A proof editor/checker for the proof system used is available at proofs.openlogicproject.org."--BCcampus website.
Simple Formal Logic
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Author : Arnold vander Nat
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2010-03-05
Simple Formal Logic written by Arnold vander Nat and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-05 with Philosophy categories.
Perfect for students with no background in logic or philosophy, Simple Formal Logic provides a full system of logic adequate to handle everyday and philosophical reasoning. By keeping out artificial techniques that aren’t natural to our everyday thinking process, Simple Formal Logic trains students to think through formal logical arguments for themselves, ingraining in them the habits of sound reasoning. Simple Formal Logic features: a companion website with abundant exercise worksheets, study supplements (including flashcards for symbolizations and for deduction rules), and instructor’s manual two levels of exercises for beginning and more advanced students a glossary of terms, abbreviations and symbols. This book arose out of a popular course that the author has taught to all types of undergraduate students at Loyola University Chicago. He teaches formal logic without the artificial methods–methods that often seek to solve farfetched logical problems without any connection to everyday and philosophical argumentation. The result is a book that teaches easy and more intuitive ways of grappling with formal logic–and is intended as a rigorous yet easy-to-follow first course in logical thinking for philosophy majors and non-philosophy majors alike.
The Elements Of Formal Logic
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Author : G. E. Hughes
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2019-11-04
The Elements Of Formal Logic written by G. E. Hughes and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-04 with Philosophy categories.
Originally published in 1965. This is a textbook of modern deductive logic, designed for beginners but leading further into the heart of the subject than most other books of the kind. The fields covered are the Propositional Calculus, the more elementary parts of the Predicate Calculus, and Syllogistic Logic treated from a modern point of view. In each of the systems discussed the main emphases are on Decision Procedures and Axiomatisation, and the material is presented with as much formal rigour as is compatible with clarity of exposition. The techniques used are not only described but given a theoretical justification. Proofs of Consistency, Completeness and Independence are set out in detail. The fundamental characteristics of the various systems studies, and their relations to each other are established by meta-logical proofs, which are used freely in all sections of the book. Exercises are appended to most of the chapters, and answers are provided.
Logic Works
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Author : Lorne Falkenstein
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2021-11-29
Logic Works written by Lorne Falkenstein and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-29 with Philosophy categories.
Logic Works is a critical and extensive introduction to logic. It asks questions about why systems of logic are as they are, how they relate to ordinary language and ordinary reasoning, and what alternatives there might be to classical logical doctrines. The book covers classical first-order logic and alternatives, including intuitionistic, free, and many-valued logic. It also considers how logical analysis can be applied to carefully represent the reasoning employed in academic and scientific work, better understand that reasoning, and identify its hidden premises. Aiming to be as much a reference work and handbook for further, independent study as a course text, it covers more material than is typically covered in an introductory course. It also covers this material at greater length and in more depth with the purpose of making it accessible to those with no prior training in logic or formal systems. Online support material includes a detailed student solutions manual with a running commentary on all starred exercises, and a set of editable slide presentations for course lectures. Key Features Introduces an unusually broad range of topics, allowing instructors to craft courses to meet a range of various objectives Adopts a critical attitude to certain classical doctrines, exposing students to alternative ways to answer philosophical questions about logic Carefully considers the ways natural language both resists and lends itself to formalization Makes objectual semantics for quantified logic easy, with an incremental, rule-governed approach assisted by numerous simple exercises Makes important metatheoretical results accessible to introductory students through a discursive presentation of those results and by using simple case studies
Systems Of Formal Logic
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Author : L.H. Hackstaff
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Systems Of Formal Logic written by L.H. Hackstaff and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Philosophy categories.
The present work constitutes an effort to approach the subject of symbol ic logic at the elementary to intermediate level in a novel way. The book is a study of a number of systems, their methods, their rela tions, their differences. In pursuit of this goal, a chapter explaining basic concepts of modern logic together with the truth-table techniques of definition and proof is first set out. In Chapter 2 a kind of ur-Iogic is built up and deductions are made on the basis of its axioms and rules. This axiom system, resembling a propositional system of Hilbert and Ber nays, is called P +, since it is a positive logic, i. e. , a logic devoid of nega tion. This system serves as a basis upon which a variety of further sys tems are constructed, including, among others, a full classical proposi tional calculus, an intuitionistic system, a minimum propositional calcu lus, a system equivalent to that of F. B. Fitch (Chapters 3 and 6). These are developed as axiomatic systems. By means of adding independent axioms to the basic system P +, the notions of independence both for primitive functors and for axiom sets are discussed, the axiom sets for a number of such systems, e. g. , Frege's propositional calculus, being shown to be non-independent. Equivalence and non-equivalence of systems are discussed in the same context. The deduction theorem is proved in Chapter 3 for all the axiomatic propositional calculi in the book.
Introduction To Logic And Its Philosophy
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Author : Peter K. Schotch
language : en
Publisher: Halifax, N.S. : P. Schotch
Release Date : 2013-09
Introduction To Logic And Its Philosophy written by Peter K. Schotch and has been published by Halifax, N.S. : P. Schotch this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09 with Logic categories.
Introduction to Logic and Its Philosophy is an introductory level textbook which covers symbolic logic as well as many topics in the philosophy of logic. The book is suitable for either a one or two semester course at the introductory level but contains material of interest to a wider audience. The treatment of formal semantics is quite different from the standard account, as just one example. In addition, more attention is given to issues in the history of logic than one generally finds in an introductory textbook. This book represents the distillation of more than thirty years of the author's involvement with logic curriculum development and pedagogy.
Meaning And Proscription In Formal Logic
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Author : Thomas Macaulay Ferguson
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-12-22
Meaning And Proscription In Formal Logic written by Thomas Macaulay Ferguson and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-22 with Philosophy categories.
This book aids in the rehabilitation of the wrongfully deprecated work of William Parry, and is the only full-length investigation into Parry-type propositional logics. A central tenet of the monograph is that the sheer diversity of the contexts in which the mereological analogy emerges – its effervescence with respect to fields ranging from metaphysics to computer programming – provides compelling evidence that the study of logics of analytic implication can be instrumental in identifying connections between topics that would otherwise remain hidden. More concretely, the book identifies and discusses a host of cases in which analytic implication can play an important role in revealing distinct problems to be facets of a larger, cross-disciplinary problem. It introduces an element of constancy and cohesion that has previously been absent in a regrettably fractured field, shoring up those who are sympathetic to the worth of mereological analogy. Moreover, it generates new interest in the field by illustrating a wide range of interesting features present in such logics – and highlighting these features to appeal to researchers in many fields.
Formal Logic
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Author : Richard Jeffrey
language : en
Publisher: Hackett Publishing
Release Date : 2006-03-15
Formal Logic written by Richard Jeffrey and has been published by Hackett Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-03-15 with Philosophy categories.
The first beginning logic text to employ the tree method--a complete formal system of first-order logic that is remarkably easy to understand and use--this text allows students to take control of the nuts and bolts of formal logic quickly, and to move on to more complex and abstract problems. The tree method is elaborated in manageable steps over five chapters, in each of which its adequacy is reviewed; soundness and completeness proofs are extended at each step, and the decidability proof is extended at the step from truth functions to the logic of nonoverlapping quantifiers with a single variable, after which undecidability is demonstrated by example. The first three chapters are bilingual, with arguments presented twice, in logical notation and in English. The last three chapters consider the discoveries defining the scope and limits of formal methods that marked logic’s coming of age in the 20th century: Godel’s completeness and incompleteness theorems for first and second-order logic, and the Church-Turing theorem on the undecidability of first-order logic. This new edition provides additional problems, solutions to selected problems, and two new Supplements: Truth-Functional Equivalence reinstates material on that topic from the second edition that was omitted in the third, and Variant Methods, in which John Burgess provides a proof regarding the possibility of modifying the tree method so that it will always find a finite model when there is one, and another, which shows that a different modification—once contemplated by Jeffrey--can result in a dramatic speed--up of certain proofs.
Outlines Of Formal Logic
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Author : John of Saint Thomas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1962
Outlines Of Formal Logic written by John of Saint Thomas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1962 with Logic categories.