From Basel Ii To Basel Iii Would Investment Banking Be Preferred Under Basel Ii
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From Basel Ii To Basel Iii Would Investment Banking Be Preferred Under Basel Ii
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Author : Malte Vieth
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2014-03-25
From Basel Ii To Basel Iii Would Investment Banking Be Preferred Under Basel Ii written by Malte Vieth and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-25 with Business & Economics categories.
Master's Thesis from the year 2013 in the subject Economics - Finance, grade: 1,7, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, language: English, abstract: In the year 2007 the first bad signs appeared which predicted that something is happening in global financial markets. An asset-bubble in the US housing market started to bust and that event had generated fatal consequences not only for the US, but also for the rest of the world. Several major peaks characterize the recent financial crisis, also named subprime crisis, such as the country default of Iceland (though subprime crisis was not the main cause) or the nationalization of the mortgage corporations Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae by the US government. Certainly, no one forgets the queues of people waiting outside the branches of the British bank Northern Rock to withdraw their savings from the bank as a result of rumors about liquidity problems of this institution. Some of the biggest Investment Banks in the world experienced serious difficulties with reference to their liquidity situation and were acquired by other banks. JPMorgan Chase bought the traditional US Investment Bank Bear Stearns and Bank of America merged with the US Investment Bank Merrill Lynch. Clearly, one of the most important events in the course of the subprime crisis was the collapse of the US Investment Bank Lehman Brothers which happened on 15th September 2008. Especially Investment Banks were hit hard by the subprime crisis and also the Investment Banking divisions of universal banks caused many issues for the whole institution. One of the main causes of the subprime crisis was identified: the Investment Banking business. The regulatory framework with reference to the banking supervisory failed in times of financial turmoil and needed to be reformed. In particular, the capital situation and liquidity profile of many banks were not adequate compared to the risks these banks were exposed to. Risks resulting from positions in the trading book (market-to-market) and risks resulting from offbalance sheet items which were not monitored by supervisory authorities needed to be emphasized. When the crisis hit, the capital requirements on the banking book were sufficiently deep to safeguard banks. The capital requirements on the trading book, however, were nowhere strong enough to absorb the losses (Dayal, 2011, p. 17). The new regulatory framework, namely Basel III, developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervisions which was finalized in 2011 focused on these risks.
International Convergence Of Capital Measurement And Capital Standards
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Lulu.com
Release Date : 2004
International Convergence Of Capital Measurement And Capital Standards written by and has been published by Lulu.com this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Bank capital categories.
Revisiting Risk Weighted Assets
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Author : Vanessa Le Leslé
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2012-03-01
Revisiting Risk Weighted Assets written by Vanessa Le Leslé and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-01 with Business & Economics categories.
In this paper, we provide an overview of the concerns surrounding the variations in the calculation of risk-weighted assets (RWAs) across banks and jurisdictions and how this might undermine the Basel III capital adequacy framework. We discuss the key drivers behind the differences in these calculations, drawing upon a sample of systemically important banks from Europe, North America, and Asia Pacific. We then discuss a range of policy options that could be explored to fix the actual and perceived problems with RWAs, and improve the use of risk-sensitive capital ratios.
Consequences Of Selected Basel Iii Regulations For Real Estate Developers
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Author : Laura Gerke-Teufel
language : de
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2014-07-09
Consequences Of Selected Basel Iii Regulations For Real Estate Developers written by Laura Gerke-Teufel and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-09 with Business & Economics categories.
Masterarbeit aus dem Jahr 2013 im Fachbereich BWL - Investition und Finanzierung, Munich Business School, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: The high leveraged American real estate investment market dominated by speculators, brought about a global financial crisis of epic proportions in 2008. The global financial recession, which followed, highlighted a gloomy rate of interdependence in the banking world. It exposed the tight interconnection of the American real estate market and the structures of the global financial market (Panagopoulos et al. 2009, 2-4). In December 2010, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision published the report ''Basel III: A Global Regulatory Framework for More Resilient Banks and Banking Systems'' which will be implemented gradually across the European Union (among others) between 2013 and 2019 and supplements the existing International Convergence of Capital Measurement Document (Basel II) which was implemented in 2008 (Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, 2013). The reformed capital and liquidity requirements for banks, Basel III, is a response to the global financial crisis and represents a substantial step forward from its predecessor regime, Basel II which already based credit costs on the degree of risk. One of the most significant outcomes of Basel III will be the enormous rise in the banking industry's capital requirements and the rise in lending as well as borrowing costs (Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, 2013). Real estate developers heavily depend on debt capital for their projects and partake usually only with a small amount of equity capital in a project. If the access to bank loans will be limited or restricted in the future, developers will have to adapt their financing model to the new market conditions and challenges posed by Basel III and take other financing alternatives into consideration in order to decrease dependence on bank loans (Drucker, 2012). Other financing alternatives might also gain attraction if senior loans become more restricted or the securities or the equity required by the bank increase so much that the return on investment of real estate developers will make investments unprofitable or they might not able to provide these securities. They might not know how to proceed and restructure their financing model adapting it to a lower amount of senior debt. The increased loan documentation due to Basel III might take so long that the developer will not be able to realize the project viably anymore due to fast changing market conditions (Drucker, 2012).
From Basel I To Basel Iii Sequencing Implementation In Developing Economies
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Author : Caio Ferreira
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2019-06-14
From Basel I To Basel Iii Sequencing Implementation In Developing Economies written by Caio Ferreira and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-06-14 with Business & Economics categories.
Developing economies can strengthen their financial systems by implementing the main elements of global regulatory reform. But to build an effective prudential framework, they may need to adapt international standards taking into account the sophistication and size of their financial institutions, the relevance of different financial operations in their market, the granularity of information available and the capacity of their supervisors. Under a proportionate application of the Basel standards, smaller institutions with less complex business models would be subject to a simpler regulatory framework that enhances the resilience of the financial sector without generating disproportionate compliance costs. This paper provides guidance on how non-Basel Committee member countries could incorporate banks’ capital and liquidity standards into their framework. It builds on the experience gained by the authors in the course of their work in providing technical assistance on—and assessing compliance with—international standards in banking supervision.
The Impact Of Basel Iii On Convertible Bonds With Particular Emphasis On Contingent Convertible Bonds
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Author : Timo Köffer
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2013-10-22
The Impact Of Basel Iii On Convertible Bonds With Particular Emphasis On Contingent Convertible Bonds written by Timo Köffer and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Business & Economics categories.
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2013 in the subject Business economics - Banking, Stock Exchanges, Insurance, Accounting, grade: 2,3, University of Cooperative Education, language: English, abstract: Many banks contributed through their high-risk business models to the financial crisis in 2007. The financial crisis has shown that for a bank's solvency it is not only the amount of equity that is important, but also significantly the quality of equity. In particular hybrid capital was not used to a sufficient extent to absorb losses, although it is partially core capital under Basel II. Because of this the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision decided in December 2010 on new capital- and liquidity rules for banks (''Basel III framework''). The Basel III framework implemented the regulatory requirements to strengthen the financial system. In particular the qualitative requirements were raised for core capital. Under these new regulations core capital is crucial, because it can fully and immediately be claimed for losses. The old forms of hybrid capital will be recognized in regulatory capital to a lesser extent in the future. This has implications especially for subordinated bonds. The aim is to involve subordinated creditors and equity investors in the recovery phase in the cost of crisis management. The new capital requirements mean major structural changes for the banks, because the comparatively cheap hybrid capital must be replaced by capital of higher quality. A new form of hybrid capital have emerged, so called contingent convertible bonds(CoCos), a fixed-income security which is a capital buffer for a bank in financial distress and so could be attributed to regulatory equity capital. This hybrid capital is in the form of a mandatory convertible bond, which can contribute to making up for losses such as equity in the event of a crisis. In order to meet the new regulatory requirements, many banks are considering the advantages of CoCos. Therefore this thesis attempts to answer the question of how CoCos differ from convertible bonds, and how these instruments are suitable for contributing as core capital under Basel III. The place ability of CoCos and the challenges resulting from their use are discussed in this thesis. Based on the different design options for a coco bond, the most sensible will be determined and put into practice. So far it is a mainly theoretical issue with little empirical evidence, so the thesis will explain and evaluate the various theoretical aspects. Overall a comprehensive picture of the impacts resulting from the new capital definition will be created.
Basel Iv
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Author : Martin Neisen
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2018-07-26
Basel Iv written by Martin Neisen and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-26 with Business & Economics categories.
In December 2017 the Basel committee finalised its work on the reform of the Basel III framework. Together with requirements already published in 2015 and 2016, the Basel committee changes all approaches for the calculation of RWA and the corresponding Pillar III disclosure rules. This package of new standards from the Basel Committee, which is unofficially called "Basel IV", is now the most comprehensive package of modifications in the history of banking supervision. The banking industry will face major challenges in implementing these new rules. The second edition of the "Basel IV" handbook is updated with all publications up to March 2018 and also extensively enhanced with additional details, examples and case studies. The aim is to convince the reader that we are facing a new framework called "Basel IV" and not just a fine adjustment of the existing Basel III regulations. This book covers all new approaches for the calculation of RWA: - the standardised approach (CR-SA) and the IRB approach for credit risk, - the new standardised approach for counterparty credit risk (SA-CCR), - both the standardised approach and internal models approach from the "fundamental review of the trading book" (SBA and IMA) - the basic approach (BA-CVA) and standardised approach (SA-CVA) for the CVA risk, - all new approaches (SEC-IRBA, SEC-ERBA, SEC-SA, IAA) for securitisations (incl. STS), - the approaches for the calculation of RWA for equity positions in investment funds (LTA, MBA, FBA) - the new standardised approach for operational risk (SA-OpRisk) Because of the strong relation to the Pillar I requirements, the second edition covers the topics of interest rate risk in the banking book (IRRBB), large exposures and TLAC again. Additionally, the book contains a detailed description of the Pillar III disclosure requirements. With the aid of a high-profile team of experts from countries all over the globe, the complexity of the topic is reduced, and important support is offered.
Basel Iii And Bank Lending Evidence From The United States And Europe
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Author : Mr.Sami Ben Naceur
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2017-11-15
Basel Iii And Bank Lending Evidence From The United States And Europe written by Mr.Sami Ben Naceur and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-15 with Business & Economics categories.
Using data on commercial banks in the United States and Europe, this paper analyses the impact of the new Basel III capital and liquidity regulation on bank-lending following the 2008 financial crisis. We find that U.S. banks reinforce their risk absorption capacities when expanding their credit activities. Capital ratios have significant, negative impacts on bank-retail-and-other-lending-growth for large European banks in the context of deleveraging and the “credit crunch” in Europe over the post-2008 financial crisis period. Additionally, liquidity indicators have positive but perverse effects on bank-lending-growth, which supports the need to consider heterogeneous banks’ characteristics and behaviors when implementing new regulatory policies.
U S Implementation Of The Basel Capital Regulatory Framework
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Author : Darryl E. Getter
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
U S Implementation Of The Basel Capital Regulatory Framework written by Darryl E. Getter and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
This report summarizes the higher capital requirements for U.S. banks regulated for safety and soundness.
Basel 3 Capital Requirements Overview And Critical Evaluation
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Author : Oliver Baumgartner
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2013-02-07
Basel 3 Capital Requirements Overview And Critical Evaluation written by Oliver Baumgartner and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-07 with Business & Economics categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2012 in the subject Business economics - Banking, Stock Exchanges, Insurance, Accounting, grade: 1,3, University of Innsbruck, course: Business economics - Banking, Stock Exchanges, Insurance, Accounting, language: English, abstract: In dieser Seminararbeit finden Sie eine Zusammenfassung aller wichtiger Aspekte hinter Basel 3. Dabei liegt der Fokus einzig und allein auf den unterschiedlichen Kapitalanforderungen, wie Tier 1 und 2 capital. Die Entwicklung von Basel I bis hin zu Basel III ist eindeutig nachvollziehbar. Ein weiteres Highlight, ist eine kritische Evaluation der Vor- bzw. Nachtteile unter Basel 3. Nachdem Sie diese Arbeit gelesen haben, werden Sie ein breitgefächertes Verständnis über den Aufbau von der neuen Kapitalanforderungen erhalten. Sie werden in der Lage sein, selbstständig über Vor- und Nachteile evaluieren zu können und die Auswirkungen in der Volkswirtschaft erkennen. This paper deals with the main problems that will come up with the implementation of the new Basel III accord. It provides an overview of the capital requirement changes from Basel I until Basel III. Additionally, it provides a lot of information about the new structure. Although, the new capital requirements should enhance financial stability, they still have lot of shortcomings. Therefore, this paper highlights the biggest problems that will arise.