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From Observations To Simulations A Conceptual Introduction To Weather And Climate Modelling


From Observations To Simulations A Conceptual Introduction To Weather And Climate Modelling
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From Observations To Simulations


From Observations To Simulations
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Author : Antonello Pasini
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2005

From Observations To Simulations written by Antonello Pasini and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Science categories.


The dynamics of a global economy is being reshaped by the economic emergence of two Asian giants, China and India. How the world's two most populous countries manage globalization as they pursue economic reform and liberalization will impact significantly their societies, the rest of Asia, and the world. This book brings together articles by first rate scholars of China and India to share and discuss their research findings in four areas: Challenges, Opportunities and Responses to Globalization; Social Security and Governance; National Security in the age of Globalization; and Ethnicity and Identity in the New World. The book includes an opening address by Singapore's Minister Mentor Lee Kuan Yew, from his speech on "Managing Globalization: Lessons from China and India", delivered at the official opening of the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy on 4 April 2005.



From Observations To Simulations A Conceptual Introduction To Weather And Climate Modelling


From Observations To Simulations A Conceptual Introduction To Weather And Climate Modelling
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Author : Antonello Pasini
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2006-01-16

From Observations To Simulations A Conceptual Introduction To Weather And Climate Modelling written by Antonello Pasini and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-16 with Science categories.


From Observations to Simulations leads us on a fascinating journey through the methods used for the scientific analysis of complex systems such as the atmosphere and the Earth system: from meteorology and climatology, as observational sciences, to the development of models and the use of computers as virtual laboratories. In plain, accessible language, avoiding technicalities, but highlighting the conceptually meaningful aspects, the book describes this “Copernican revolution” in meteorology and climatology, a change in methodological paradigm that rigorously tests the definition of some classical concepts, such as “causality” and “prediction.” This is the first book that guides the general public (and sets the specialists thinking) through research on complex systems which is contributing to a change in our outlook on nature.



Observation Theory And Modeling Of Atmospheric Variability


Observation Theory And Modeling Of Atmospheric Variability
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Author : Xun Zhu
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2004

Observation Theory And Modeling Of Atmospheric Variability written by Xun Zhu and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Science categories.


This book contains tutorial and review articles as well as specific research letters that cover a wide range of topics: (1) dynamics of atmospheric variability from both basic theory and data analysis, (2) physical and mathematical problems in climate modeling and numerical weather prediction, (3) theories of atmospheric radiative transfer and their applications in satellite remote sensing, and (4) mathematical and statistical methods. The book can be used by undergraduates or graduate students majoring in atmospheric sciences, as an introduction to various research areas; and by researchers and educators, as a general review or quick reference in their fields of interest.



A National Strategy For Advancing Climate Modeling


A National Strategy For Advancing Climate Modeling
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Author : Committee on a National Strategy for Advancing Climate Modeling
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2013-01-07

A National Strategy For Advancing Climate Modeling written by Committee on a National Strategy for Advancing Climate Modeling and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-07 with Science categories.


As climate change has pushed climate patterns outside of historic norms, the need for detailed projections is growing across all sectors, including agriculture, insurance, and emergency preparedness planning. A National Strategy for Advancing Climate Modeling emphasizes the needs for climate models to evolve substantially in order to deliver climate projections at the scale and level of detail desired by decision makers, this report finds. Despite much recent progress in developing reliable climate models, there are still efficiencies to be gained across the large and diverse U.S. climate modeling community. Evolving to a more unified climate modeling enterprise-in particular by developing a common software infrastructure shared by all climate researchers and holding an annual climate modeling forum-could help speed progress. Throughout this report, several recommendations and guidelines are outlined to accelerate progress in climate modeling. The U.S. supports several climate models, each conceptually similar but with components assembled with slightly different software and data output standards. If all U.S. climate models employed a single software system, it could simplify testing and migration to new computing hardware, and allow scientists to compare and interchange climate model components, such as land surface or ocean models. A National Strategy for Advancing Climate Modeling recommends an annual U.S. climate modeling forum be held to help bring the nation's diverse modeling communities together with the users of climate data. This would provide climate model data users with an opportunity to learn more about the strengths and limitations of models and provide input to modelers on their needs and provide a venue for discussions of priorities for the national modeling enterprise, and bring disparate climate science communities together to design common modeling experiments. In addition, A National Strategy for Advancing Climate Modeling explains that U.S. climate modelers will need to address an expanding breadth of scientific problems while striving to make predictions and projections more accurate. Progress toward this goal can be made through a combination of increasing model resolution, advances in observations, improved model physics, and more complete representations of the Earth system. To address the computing needs of the climate modeling community, the report suggests a two-pronged approach that involves the continued use and upgrading of existing climate-dedicated computing resources at modeling centers, together with research on how to effectively exploit the more complex computer hardware systems expected over the next 10 to 20 years.



Extreme Hydrology And Climate Variability


Extreme Hydrology And Climate Variability
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Author : Assefa Melesse
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2019-07-03

Extreme Hydrology And Climate Variability written by Assefa Melesse and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-07-03 with Science categories.


Extreme Hydrology and Climate Variability: Monitoring, Modelling, Adaptation and Mitigation is a compilation of contributions by experts from around the world who discuss extreme hydrology topics, from monitoring, to modeling and management. With extreme climatic and hydrologic events becoming so frequent, this book is a critical source, adding knowledge to the science of extreme hydrology. Topics covered include hydrometeorology monitoring, climate variability and trends, hydrological variability and trends, landscape dynamics, droughts, flood processes, and extreme events management, adaptation and mitigation. Each of the book's chapters provide background and theoretical foundations followed by approaches used and results of the applied studies. This book will be highly used by water resource managers and extreme event researchers who are interested in understanding the processes and teleconnectivity of large-scale climate dynamics and extreme events, predictability, simulation and intervention measures. - Presents datasets used and methods followed to support the findings included, allowing readers to follow these steps in their own research - Provides variable methodological approaches, thus giving the reader multiple hydrological modeling information to use in their work - Includes a variety of case studies, thus making the context of the book relatable to everyday working situations for those studying extreme hydrology - Discusses extreme event management, including adaption and mitigation



Demystifying Climate Models


Demystifying Climate Models
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Author : Andrew Gettelman
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-04-09

Demystifying Climate Models written by Andrew Gettelman and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-04-09 with Technology & Engineering categories.


This book demystifies the models we use to simulate present and future climates, allowing readers to better understand how to use climate model results. In order to predict the future trajectory of the Earth’s climate, climate-system simulation models are necessary. When and how do we trust climate model predictions? The book offers a framework for answering this question. It provides readers with a basic primer on climate and climate change, and offers non-technical explanations for how climate models are constructed, why they are uncertain, and what level of confidence we should place in them. It presents current results and the key uncertainties concerning them. Uncertainty is not a weakness but understanding uncertainty is a strength and a key part of using any model, including climate models. Case studies of how climate model output has been used and how it might be used in the future are provided. The ultimate goal of this book is to promote a better understanding of the structure and uncertainties of climate models among users, including scientists, engineers and policymakers.



Threats To Global Water Security


Threats To Global Water Security
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Author : J. Anthony Jones
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-06-17

Threats To Global Water Security written by J. Anthony Jones and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-17 with Science categories.


The UN designated the decade 2005–2015 as the International Decade for Action – Water for Life. The move was initiated at the third World Water Forum in Kyoto, 2003, and it could prove the most significant and effective outcome of the triennial series of World Water For a yet. Its major aims are: (1) to promote efforts to fulfil recent international commitments, especially in the Millennium Goals, (2) to advance towards a truly integrated, int- national approach to sustainable water management, and (3) to put special emphasis on the role of women in these efforts. Even so, it faces tremendous and, as I write, increasing obstacles. The intense season of hurricanes and tropical storms in 2008 illustrated yet again not only the power of nature, but also the vulnerability of the poorer nations, like Haiti and Jamaica. New Orleans and Texas fared better, not because of the efforts of the International Decade for Natural Disasters (1990–2000) to increase preparedness, but more because the USA had learnt from its own experiences in Hurricane Katrina. The biggest obstacle of all is the burgeoning world population. It took off last century, but it is predicted to reach unimaginable heights this century: at least 10 billion by 2050, maybe 20 billion by 2100. Governments are powerless to halt it, even the Chinese. Achieving water security globally against this backdrop will be a Herculean task.



Introduction To Modeling And Simulation With Matlab And Python


Introduction To Modeling And Simulation With Matlab And Python
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Author : Steven I. Gordon
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-07-12

Introduction To Modeling And Simulation With Matlab And Python written by Steven I. Gordon and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-12 with Computers categories.


Introduction to Modeling and Simulation with MATLAB and Python is intended for students and professionals in science, social science, and engineering that wish to learn the principles of computer modeling, as well as basic programming skills. The book content focuses on meeting a set of basic modeling and simulation competencies that were developed as part of several National Science Foundation grants. Even though computer science students are much more expert programmers, they are not often given the opportunity to see how those skills are being applied to solve complex science and engineering problems and may also not be aware of the libraries used by scientists to create those models. The book interleaves chapters on modeling concepts and related exercises with programming concepts and exercises. The authors start with an introduction to modeling and its importance to current practices in the sciences and engineering. They introduce each of the programming environments and the syntax used to represent variables and compute mathematical equations and functions. As students gain more programming expertise, the authors return to modeling concepts, providing starting code for a variety of exercises where students add additional code to solve the problem and provide an analysis of the outcomes. In this way, the book builds both modeling and programming expertise with a "just-in-time" approach so that by the end of the book, students can take on relatively simple modeling example on their own. Each chapter is supplemented with references to additional reading, tutorials, and exercises that guide students to additional help and allows them to practice both their programming and analytical modeling skills. In addition, each of the programming related chapters is divided into two parts – one for MATLAB and one for Python. In these chapters, the authors also refer to additional online tutorials that students can use if they are having difficulty with any of the topics. The book culminates with a set of final project exercise suggestions that incorporate both the modeling and programming skills provided in the rest of the volume. Those projects could be undertaken by individuals or small groups of students. The companion website at http://www.intromodeling.com provides updates to instructions when there are substantial changes in software versions, as well as electronic copies of exercises and the related code. The website also offers a space where people can suggest additional projects they are willing to share as well as comments on the existing projects and exercises throughout the book. Solutions and lecture notes will also be available for qualifying instructors.



Attribution Of Extreme Weather Events In The Context Of Climate Change


Attribution Of Extreme Weather Events In The Context Of Climate Change
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2016-07-28

Attribution Of Extreme Weather Events In The Context Of Climate Change written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-07-28 with Science categories.


As climate has warmed over recent years, a new pattern of more frequent and more intense weather events has unfolded across the globe. Climate models simulate such changes in extreme events, and some of the reasons for the changes are well understood. Warming increases the likelihood of extremely hot days and nights, favors increased atmospheric moisture that may result in more frequent heavy rainfall and snowfall, and leads to evaporation that can exacerbate droughts. Even with evidence of these broad trends, scientists cautioned in the past that individual weather events couldn't be attributed to climate change. Now, with advances in understanding the climate science behind extreme events and the science of extreme event attribution, such blanket statements may not be accurate. The relatively young science of extreme event attribution seeks to tease out the influence of human-cause climate change from other factors, such as natural sources of variability like El Niño, as contributors to individual extreme events. Event attribution can answer questions about how much climate change influenced the probability or intensity of a specific type of weather event. As event attribution capabilities improve, they could help inform choices about assessing and managing risk, and in guiding climate adaptation strategies. This report examines the current state of science of extreme weather attribution, and identifies ways to move the science forward to improve attribution capabilities.



Observation Theory And Modeling Of Atmospheric Variability Selected Papers Of Nanjing Institute Of Meteorology Alumni In Commemoration Of Professor Jijia Zhang


Observation Theory And Modeling Of Atmospheric Variability Selected Papers Of Nanjing Institute Of Meteorology Alumni In Commemoration Of Professor Jijia Zhang
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Author : Xun Zhu
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2004-02-25

Observation Theory And Modeling Of Atmospheric Variability Selected Papers Of Nanjing Institute Of Meteorology Alumni In Commemoration Of Professor Jijia Zhang written by Xun Zhu and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-02-25 with Science categories.


This book contains tutorial and review articles as well as specific research letters that cover a wide range of topics: (1) dynamics of atmospheric variability from both basic theory and data analysis, (2) physical and mathematical problems in climate modeling and numerical weather prediction, (3) theories of atmospheric radiative transfer and their applications in satellite remote sensing, and (4) mathematical and statistical methods. The book can be used by undergraduates or graduate students majoring in atmospheric sciences, as an introduction to various research areas; and by researchers and educators, as a general review or quick reference in their fields of interest.