Functional Characterization Of The Streptococcus Sanguinis Com Regulon
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Functional Characterization Of The Streptococcus Sanguinis Com Regulon
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Author : Jill Callahan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Functional Characterization Of The Streptococcus Sanguinis Com Regulon written by Jill Callahan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Streptococcus sanguinis is an important component of the dental plaque biofilm and is believed to play a beneficial role in the oral cavity. S. sanguinis is also a leading cause of infective endocarditis (IE), a potentially lethal infection of the cardiac valves. S. sanguinis possesses genetic competence, the ability to acquire exogenous DNA into its genome. In the well characterized system of S. pneumoniae, genetic competence requires a quorum sensing system encoded by the early comCDE genes, as well as late genes controlled by the alternate sigma factor, ComX. Previous studies in other streptococcal species have suggested functions for the com regulon apart from DNA uptake. Here we characterized functions of the S. sanguinis com regulon genes in genetic competence, IE virulence, and biofilm formation. Our findings indicated that the early regulatory genes and those under the control of ComX in S. sanguinis play similar roles in genetic competence as their orthologs in other competent streptococci; however the sequence and mechanism of processing of the quorum sensing signal, competence-stimulating peptide, CSP, were determined to be unique. Using a rabbit endocarditis model, we determined that the comCDE and comX genes were not required for virulence, bacteremia, or pathology under a variety of infection conditions. In contrast, examination of biofilms by microscopy and crystal violet staining indicated that S. sanguinis CSP enhanced biofilm formation in a comDE-dependent manner. Deletion of the early com gene SSA_0195 eliminated this effect, while expression of the gene from an inducible promoter increased biofilm formation in the absence of CSP. Deletion of the comX gene resulted in biofilms with increased staining, cell death, and profoundly altered structure. Treatment with DNase I reduced biofilm formation in a com-independent manner. Taken together, these results suggest that expression of SSA_0195 is both necessary and sufficient for CSP-dependent biofilm enhancement, and that the late gene activator, ComX, is required to maintain normal biofilm architecture. Our findings suggest the com regulon of S. sanguinis may be an important determinant of competitiveness in the mouth, where native CSP production may occur at levels sufficient to influence biofilm formation.
Function And Control Of The Spx Family Of Proteins Within The Bacterial Stress Response
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Author : Peter Zuber
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-05
Function And Control Of The Spx Family Of Proteins Within The Bacterial Stress Response written by Peter Zuber and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-05 with Medical categories.
This SpringerBrief on Spx reviews the investigations that led to the discovery of Spx and its orthologs and ties together the results of various studies that have explored the function and control of spx in Gram-positive organisms. Spx of Bacillus subtilis has been extensively studied, but very little has been published about it. This book incorporates a number of studies that have been conducted in other Gram positive bacteria, which examined the role of Spx orthologs in stress response, bacterial development and virulence. The book contains an overview that will introduce the protein and its orthologous forms, its association with RNA polymerase, the species of Gram-positive bacteria in which it is found, and the conditions in which it is abundant and active. Spx is a member of a large group of proteins belonging to the ArsC/Spx protein family, so the review touches upon the bioinformatic support for the protein family composition and its meaning with regard to protein structure/function.
Science In Medicine
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Author : Ushma S. Neill
language : en
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning
Release Date : 2007-10-31
Science In Medicine written by Ushma S. Neill and has been published by Jones & Bartlett Learning this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-10-31 with Medical categories.
Science in Medicine: The JCI Textbook of Molecular Medicine is a collection of acclaimed articles published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation during the Journal’s tenure at Columbia University. The society that publishes the JCI, the American Society for Clinical Investigation (ASCI), is an honor society of physician scientists, representing those who are at the forefront of translating findings in the laboratory to the advancement of clinical practice. This textbook brings together state-of-the-art reviews written by the world's leading authorities, including many ASCI members. The reviews examine the molecular mechanisms underlying a wide array of diseases and disorders affecting all major organ systems. The fundamentals of the organ or physiological systems in question are present alongside the underlying genetic or physiological abnormalities that result in disease. This text illustrates the translation of basic scientific knowledge into the current practice of clinical medicine. The reviews provide an authoritative and comprehensive overview by building on known scientific concepts and treatment of human disease while exploring where these advances might take medicine over the next decade. The book is a valuable resource for medical students, graduate students, house staff, attending and practicing physicians, and biomedical researchers.
Cumulated Index Medicus
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Cumulated Index Medicus written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Medicine categories.
Handbook Of Bacterial Adhesion
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Author : Yuehuei H. An
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2000-01-21
Handbook Of Bacterial Adhesion written by Yuehuei H. An and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-01-21 with Science categories.
Research on bacterial adhesion and its significance is a major field involving many different aspects of nature and human life, such as marine science, soil and plant ecology, most importantly, the biomedical field. The adhesion ofbacteria to the food industry, and human tissue surfaces and implanted biomaterial surfaces is an important step in the patho genesis of infection. Handbook 0/ Bacterial Adhesion: Principles, Methods, and Applications is an outgrowth of the editors' own quest for information on laboratory techniques for studying bacte rial adhesion to biomaterials, bone, and other tissues and, more importantly, a response to significant needs in the research community. This book is designed to be an experimental guide for biomedical scientists, biomaterials scientists, students, laboratory technicians, or anyone who plans to conduct bacterial adhesion studies. More specifically, it is intended for all those researchers facing the chal lenge of implant infections in such devices as orthopedic prostheses, cardiovascular devices or catheters, cerebrospinal fluid shunts or extradural catheters, thoracic or abdominal catheters, portosystemic shunts or bile stents, urological catheters or stents, plastic surgical implants, oral or maxillofacial implants, contraceptive implants, or even contact lenses. It also covers research methods for the study of bacterial adhesion to tis sues such as teeth, respiratory mucosa, intestinal mucosa, and the urinary tract. In short, it constitutes a handbook for biomechanical and bioengineering researchers and students at all levels.
Microbiology Abstracts
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991-04
Microbiology Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991-04 with Microbiology categories.
Biomedical Index To Phs Supported Research
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Biomedical Index To Phs Supported Research written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Medicine categories.
Immunoglobulin Binding Bacterial Surface Proteins
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Author : Britt-Marie Kihlberg
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1998
Immunoglobulin Binding Bacterial Surface Proteins written by Britt-Marie Kihlberg and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998 with Bacterial immunoglobulin-binding proteins categories.
Index Medicus
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Index Medicus written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Medicine categories.
Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Genetics And Biochemistry Of Group A Streptococcal Cell Surface Proteins With Special Reference To Immunoglobulin A Binding Proteins
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Author : Lars Stenberg
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Genetics And Biochemistry Of Group A Streptococcal Cell Surface Proteins With Special Reference To Immunoglobulin A Binding Proteins written by Lars Stenberg and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Bacterial immunoglobulin-binding proteins categories.