Going Amiss In Experimental Research

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Going Amiss In Experimental Research

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Author : Giora Hon
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-12-04

Going Amiss In Experimental Research written by Giora Hon and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-12-04 with Science categories.

Like any goal-oriented procedure, experiment is subject to many kinds of failures. These failures have a variety of features, depending on the particulars of their sources. For the experimenter these pitfalls should be avoided and their effects minimized. For the historian-philosopher of science and the science educator, on the other hand, they are instructive starting points for reflecting on science in general and scientific method and practice in particular. Often more is learned from failure than from confirmation and successful application. The identification of error, its source, its context, and its treatment shed light on both practices and epistemic claims. This book shows that it is fruitful to bring to light forgotten and lost failures, subject them to analysis and learn from their moral. The study of failures, errors, pitfalls and mistakes helps us understand the way knowledge is pursued and indeed generated. The book presents both historical accounts and philosophical analyses of failures in experimental practice. It covers topics such as "error as an object of study", "learning from error", "concepts and dead ends", "instrumental artifacts", and "surprise and puzzlement". This book will be of interest to historians, philosophers, and sociologists of science as well as to practicing scientists and science educators.

Error And Uncertainty In Scientific Practice

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Author : Marcel Boumans
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2015-10-06

Error And Uncertainty In Scientific Practice written by Marcel Boumans and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-06 with History categories.

Assessment of error and uncertainty is a vital component of both natural and social science. This edited volume presents case studies of research practices across a wide spectrum of scientific fields. It compares methodologies and presents the ingredients needed for an overarching framework applicable to all.

Conflicting Values Of Inquiry

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2015-01-08

Conflicting Values Of Inquiry written by and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-08 with History categories.

Historical research in previous decades has done a great deal to explore the social and political context of early modern natural and moral inquiries. Particularly since the publication of Steven Shapin and Simon Schaffer’s Leviathan and the Air-Pump (1985) several studies have attributed epistemological stances and debates to clashes of political and theological ideologies. The present volume suggests that with an awareness of this context, it is now worth turning back to questions of the epistemic content itself. The contributors to the present collection were invited to explore how certain non-epistemic values had been turned into epistemic ones, how they had an effect on epistemic content, and eventually how they became ideologies of knowledge playing various roles in inquiry and application throughout early modern Europe.

De Gruyter Handbook Of Digital Criminology

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Author : Mareile Kaufmann
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2025-03-17

De Gruyter Handbook Of Digital Criminology written by Mareile Kaufmann and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2025-03-17 with Social Science categories.

The De Gruyter Handbook of Digital Criminology examines how digital devices spread and cut across all fields of crime and control. Providing a glossary of key theoretical, methodological and criminological concepts, the book defines and further establishes a vibrant and rapidly developing field. At the same time, Digital Criminology is not only presented as a novelty, but also as a continuation of the discipline's history. Each chapter can be read as a free-standing contribution or texts can be combined to gain a more holistic understanding of Digital Criminology or to design a research project. Expert contributions vary from Criminology, Sociology, Law, Science and Technology Studies, to Information Science and Digital Humanities. Together, these supply readers with rich and original perspectives on the digitization of crime and control.

The Structures Of Practical Knowledge

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Author : Matteo Valleriani
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-02-20

The Structures Of Practical Knowledge written by Matteo Valleriani and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-02-20 with Science categories.

The Structures of Practical Knowledge investigates the nature of practical knowledge – why, how, when and by whom it is codified, and once codified, how this knowledge is structured. The inquiry unfolds in a series of fifteen case studies, which range in focus from early modern Italy to eighteenth century China. At the heart of each study is a shared definition of practical knowledge, that is, knowledge needed to obtain a certain outcome, whether that be an artistic or mechanical artifact, a healing practice, or a mathematical result. While the content of practical knowledge is widely variable, this study shows that all practical knowledge is formally equivalent in following a defined workflow, as reflected in a construction procedure, a recipe, or an algorithm. As explored in the volume’s fifteen contributions, there are three levels at which structures of practical knowledge may be understood and examined. At the most immediate level, there are the individual workflows that encompasses practical knowledge itself. Probing further, it is possible to examine the structure of practical knowledge as it is externalized and codified in texts, drawings, and artifacts such as models. Finally, practical knowledge is also related to social structures, which fundamentally determine its dissemination and evolution into new knowledge structures. The social structures of professionals and institutions represent the critical means by which practical knowledge takes form. These actors are the agents of codification, and by means of selection, appropriation, investment, and knowledge development, they determine the formation of new structures of practical knowledge. On a more abstract level, the creation of new knowledge structures is understood as constituting the basis for the further development of scientific knowledge. Rich in subject matter and incisive in the theory it lays out, this volume represents an important contribution to the history of science and epistemology. Individually, the fifteen case studies – encompassing the history of architecture, mining, brewing, glass production, printing, ballistics, mechanics, cartography, cosmology and astronomy – are replete with original research, and offer new insights into the history of science. Taken together, the contributions remodel historical epistemology as a whole, elucidating the underlining knowledge structures that transcend disciplinary boundaries, and that unite practitioners across time and space.

Traces

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Author : Bettina Bock von Wülfingen
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date : 2017-07-24

Traces written by Bettina Bock von Wülfingen and has been published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-24 with Art categories.

Traces keep time and make the past visible. As such, they continue to be a fundamental resource for scientific knowledge production in modernity. While the art of trace reading is a millennia-old practice, tracings are specifically produced in the photographic archive or in the scientific laboratory. The material traces of the forms represent the objects and causes to which they owe their existence while making them invisible at the moment of their visualization. By looking at different techniques for the production of traces and their changes over two centuries, the contributions show the continuities they have, both in the laboratories and in large colliders of particle physics. This volume, inspired by Carlo Ginzburg’s early works, formulates a theory of traces for the 21st century.

Explanation Prediction And Confirmation

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Author : Dennis Dieks
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-03-24

Explanation Prediction And Confirmation written by Dennis Dieks and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-03-24 with Science categories.

This volume, the second in the Springer series Philosophy of Science in a European Perspective, contains selected papers from the workshops organised by the ESF Research Networking Programme PSE (The Philosophy of Science in a European Perspective) in 2009. Five general topics are addressed: 1. Formal Methods in the Philosophy of Science; 2. Philosophy of the Natural and Life Sciences; 3. Philosophy of the Cultural and Social Sciences; 4. Philosophy of the Physical Sciences; 5. History of the Philosophy of Science. This volume is accordingly divided in five sections, each section containing papers coming from the meetings focussing on one of these five themes. However, these sections are not completely independent and detached from each other. For example, an important connecting thread running through a substantial number of papers in this volume is the concept of probability: probability plays a central role in present-day discussions in formal epistemology, in the philosophy of thephysical sciences, and in general methodological debates---it is central in discussions concerning explanation, prediction and confirmation. The volume thus also attempts to represent the intellectual exchange between the various fields in the philosophy of science that was central in the ESF workshops.

An Artificial History Of Natural Intelligence

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Author : David W. Bates
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2024-04-02

An Artificial History Of Natural Intelligence written by David W. Bates and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-04-02 with Computers categories.

"What would it mean to make a decision against the acceleration of automation and for humanity? In An Artificial History of Natural Intelligence, David W. Bates lays the groundwork for such a decision by rethinking the history of human cognition and its entanglements with technology. Tracing evolving lines of thought from the early modern period to the present, Bates confronts the intimate connection between autonomy and automaticity in how we have understood the capacities of the human mind. At the heart of this entanglement is a total mechanistic understanding of nature that began in the seventeenth century and saw the body as machine, the nervous system as control mechanism, and the brain as the center of cognition. Reading varied thinkers from Descartes to Kant to Turing, Bates reveals how new ideas and experiences reconfigured the ways in which the automaticity of the body could be linked with technical systems, while at the same time the mind could still create the space for autonomy. The result is a new theorization of the human in which the human, dependent on technology, produces itself as an artificial automation that has no "natural" origin"--

A Companion To The History Of Science

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Author : Bernard Lightman
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2019-11-12

A Companion To The History Of Science written by Bernard Lightman and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-12 with Science categories.

The Wiley Blackwell Companion to the History of Science is a single volume companion that discusses the history of science as it is done today, providing a survey of the debates and issues that dominate current scholarly discussion, with contributions from leading international scholars. Provides a single-volume overview of current scholarship in the history of science edited by one of the leading figures in the field Features forty essays by leading international scholars providing an overview of the key debates and developments in the history of science Reflects the shift towards deeper historical contextualization within the field Helps communicate and integrate perspectives from the history of science with other areas of historical inquiry Includes discussion of non-Western themes which are integrated throughout the chapters Divided into four sections based on key analytic categories that reflect new approaches in the field

Victorian Material Culture

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Author : Boris Jardine
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2022-07-14

Victorian Material Culture written by Boris Jardine and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-07-14 with Business & Economics categories.

From chatelaines to whale blubber, ice making machines to stained glass, this six-volume collection will be of interest to the scholar, student or general reader alike - anyone who has an urge to learn more about Victorian things. The set brings together a range of primary sources on Victorian material culture and discusses the most significant developments in material history from across the nineteenth century. The collection will demonstrate the significance of objects in the everyday lives of the Victorians and addresses important questions about how we classify and categorise nineteenth-century things. This second volume, ‘Science and Medicine’, will examine objects (from the most significant to the most obscure) that played a part in nineteenth-century scientific developments.