Grammar As Processor
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Gradience In Grammar
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Author : Gisbert Fanselow
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2006-10-19
Gradience In Grammar written by Gisbert Fanselow and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-10-19 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book represents the state of the art in the study of gradience in grammar - the degree to which utterances are acceptable or grammatical, and the relationship between acceptability and grammaticality. Gradience is at the centre of controversial issues in the theory of grammar and the understanding of language. The acceptability of words and sentences may be linked to the frequency of their use and measured on a scale. Among the questions considered in the book are: whether such measures are beyond the scope of a generative grammar or, in other words, whether the factors influencing acceptability are internal or external to grammar; whether observed gradience is a property of the mentally represented grammar or a reflection of variation among speakers; and what gradient phenomena reveal about the relationship between acceptability and grammaticality, and between competence and performance. The book is divided into four parts. Part I seeks to clarify the nature of gradience from the perspectives of phonology, generative syntax, psycholinguistics, and sociolinguistics. Parts II and III examine issues in phonology and syntax. Part IV considers long wh-movement from different methodological perspectives. The data discussed comes from a wide range of languages and dialects, and includes tone and stress patterns, word order variation, and question formation. Gradience in Grammar will interest linguists concerned with the understanding of syntax, phonology, language acquisition and variation, discourse, and the operations of language within the mind.
An Introduction To Functional Grammar
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Author : M.A.K. Halliday
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2014-02-04
An Introduction To Functional Grammar written by M.A.K. Halliday and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-02-04 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This third edition of An Introduction to Functional Grammar has been extensively revised. While retaining the organization and coverage of the earlier editions, it incorporates a considerable amount of new material.
The Niam Information Analysis Method
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Author : J.J.V.R. Wintraecken
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
The Niam Information Analysis Method written by J.J.V.R. Wintraecken and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Computers categories.
About information analysis Everywhere people are working, they are communicating or exchanging informa tion about their work. Unless they come to reasonable agreements about this communication, i.e., agreements describing the "language" of their communica tion so that they can understand each other's information, sooner or later there will be such a "Tower of Babel" that their goal of communication will be doomed to failure. There are a lot of places wh~re some of the communication between people working together is being carried out via an information system. In these cases too, a clear agreement about communication must be made, so that people communi cating via an information system can understand each other at all times. In such an agreement, it is determined which data may be exchanged with the information system and the meaning everyone should assign to that data. For communication taking place via an information system, such an agreement is called a "grammar" or a "conceptual schemea" of this information system. "Information analysis" is that field and also that phase of development of an information system in which the grammar or the conceptual schemea of the information system is determined. The grammar or the conceptual scheme is an essential part of the specifications of present-day information systems.
The Balancing Act
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Author : Judith L. Klavans
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 1996
The Balancing Act written by Judith L. Klavans and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Computers categories.
Symbolic and statistical approaches to language have historically been at odds--the former viewed as difficult to test and therefore perhaps impossible to define, and the latter as descriptive but possibly inadequate. At the heart of the debate are fundamental questions concerning the nature of language, the role of data in building a model or theory, and the impact of the competence-performance distinction on the field of computational linguistics. Currently, there is an increasing realization in both camps that the two approaches have something to offer in achieving common goals. The eight contributions in this book explore the inevitable "balancing act" that must take place when symbolic and statistical approaches are brought together--including basic choices about what knowledge will be represented symbolically and how it will be obtained, what assumptions underlie the statistical model, what principles motivate the symbolic model, and what the researcher gains by combining approaches. The topics covered include an examination of the relationship between traditional linguistics and statistical methods, qualitative and quantitative methods of speech translation, study and implementation of combined techniques for automatic extraction of terminology, comparative analysis of the contributions of linguistic cues to a statistical word grouping system, automatic construction of a symbolic parser via statistical techniques, combining linguistic with statistical methods in automatic speech understanding, exploring the nature of transformation-based learning, and a hybrid symbolic/statistical approach to recovering from parser failures.
Grammatical Theory
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Author : Frederick J. Newmeyer
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 1983-09-15
Grammatical Theory written by Frederick J. Newmeyer and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983-09-15 with Foreign Language Study categories.
Newmeyer persuasively defends the controversial theory of transformational generative grammar. Grammatical Theory is for every linguist, philosopher, or psychologist who is skeptical of generative grammar and wants to learn more about it. Newmeyer's formidable scholarship raises the level of debate on transformational generative grammar. He stresses the central importance of an autonomous formal grammar, discusses the limitations of "discourse-based" approaches to syntax, cites support for generativist theory in recent research, and clarifies misunderstood concepts associated with generative grammar.
Grammar As Processor
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Author : Roland Pfau
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
Release Date : 2009
Grammar As Processor written by Roland Pfau and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Spontaneous speech errors provide valuable evidence not only for the processes that mediate between a communicative intention and the articulation of an utterance but also for the types of grammatical entities that are manipulated during production. This study proposes an analysis of speech errors that is informed by grammar theory. In particular, it is shown how characteristic properties of erroneous German utterances can be accounted for within Distributed Morphology (DM). The investigation focuses on two groups of errors: Errors that result from the manipulation of semantic and morphosyntactic features, and errors which appear to involve the application of a post-error repair strategy. It is argued that a production model which incorporates DM allows for a straightforward account of the attested, sometimes complex, error patterns. DM mechanisms, for instance, render unnecessary the assumption of repair processes. Besides providing an account for the attested error patterns, the theory also helps us in explaining why certain errors do not occur. In this sense, DM makes for a psychologically real model of grammar.
Halliday S Introduction To Functional Grammar
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Author : M.A.K. Halliday
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-09-11
Halliday S Introduction To Functional Grammar written by M.A.K. Halliday and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-09-11 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Fully updated and revised, this fourth edition of Halliday's Introduction to Functional Grammar explains the principles of systemic functional grammar, enabling the reader to understand and apply them in any context. Halliday's innovative approach of engaging with grammar through discourse has become a worldwide phenomenon in linguistics. Updates to the new edition include: Recent uses of systemic functional linguistics to provide further guidance for students, scholars and researchers More on the ecology of grammar, illustrating how each major system serves to realise a semantic system A systematic indexing and classification of examples More from corpora, thus allowing for easy access to data Halliday's Introduction to Functional Grammar, Fourth Edition, is the standard reference text for systemic functional linguistics and an ideal introduction for students and scholars interested in the relation between grammar, meaning and discourse.
The Philosophy Of Universal Grammar
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Author : Wolfram Hinzen
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press (UK)
Release Date : 2013-12
The Philosophy Of Universal Grammar written by Wolfram Hinzen and has been published by Oxford University Press (UK) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-12 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This interdisciplinary book considers the relationship between language and thought from a philosophical perspective, drawing both on the philosophical study of language and the purely formal study of grammar, and arguing that the two should align. The claim is that grammar provides homo sapiens with the ability to think in certain grammatical ways and that this in turn explains the vast cognitive powers of human beings. Evidence is considered from biology, theevolution of language, language disorders, and linguistic phenomena.
Linguistic Structure In Language Processing
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Author : G.N. Carlson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Linguistic Structure In Language Processing written by G.N. Carlson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
The papers in this volume are intended to exemplify the state of experimental psycho linguistics in the middle to later 1980s. Our over riding impression is that the field has come a long way since the earlier work of the 1950s and 1960s, and that the field has emerged with a renewed strength from a difficult period in the 1970s. Not only are the theoretical issues more sharply defined and integrated with existing issues from other domains ("modularity" being one such example), but the experimental techniques employed are much more sophisticated, thanks to the work of numerous psychologists not necessarily interested in psycholinguistics, and thanks to improving technologies unavailable a few years ago (for instance, eye-trackers). We selected papers that provide a coherent, overall picture of existing techniques and issues. The volume is organized much as one might organize an introductory linguistics course - beginning with sound and working "up" to mean ing. Indeed, the first paper, Rebecca Treiman's, begins with considera tion of syllable structure, a phonological consideration, and the last, Alan Garnham's, exemplifies some work on the interpretation of pro nouns, a semantic matter. In between are found works concentrating on morphemes, lexical structures, and syntax. The cross-section represented in this volume is by necessity incom plete, since we focus only on experimental work directed at under standing how adults comprehend and produce language. We do not include any works on language acquisition, first or second.
Practical Aspects Of Declarative Languages
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Author : Ricardo Rocha
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-01-11
Practical Aspects Of Declarative Languages written by Ricardo Rocha and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-01-11 with Computers categories.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Practical Aspects of Declarative Languages, PADL 2011, held in Austin, TX, USA, in January 2011, co-located with POPL 2011, the Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages. The 17 revised full papers presented together with one application paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 40 submissions. The volume features a variety of contributions ranging from message-passing and mobile networks, concurrent and parallel programming, event processing and reactive programming, profiling and portability in Prolog, constraint programming, grammar combinators, belief set merging and work on new language extensions and tools.